Abstract Inflammation-associated fibroblasts (IAFs) are a cell population that emerges in tissue inflammation. In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), IAFs correlate with disease severity and are enriched in colon tissue of patients refractory to anti-TNF therapy. IAFs can amplify tissue inflammation and mediate pro-fibrotic matrix remodeling and therefore represent a novel cellular target for treating inflammatory diseases like IBD. To explore the cellular and molecular pathways that mediate transition to an IAF-li…