$π$/2 Mode Converters and Vortex Generators for Electrons Article Swipe

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Physics Quadrupole Vortex Optical vortex Optics Angular momentum Electron optics Gaussian beam Vortex generator Electron Beam (structure) Cathode ray Atomic physics Classical mechanics Quantum mechanics Mechanics

Christian Kramberger , Stefan Löffler , Thomas Schachinger , Peter G. Hartel , Joachim Zach , P. Schattschneider ·

YOU? · · 2018 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1902.05368 · OA: W4289281905

In optics, mode conversion is an elegant way to switch between Hermite Gaussian and Laguerre Gaussian beam profiles and thereby impart orbital angular momentum onto the beam and to create vortices. In optics such vortex beams can be produced in a setup consisting of two identical cylinder lenses. In electron optics, quadrupole lenses can be used for the same purpose. Here we investigate generalized asymmetric designs of a quadrupole mode converter that may be realized within the constraints of existing electron microscopes and can steer the development of dedicated vortex generators for high brilliance electron vortex probes of atomic scale.