3. The Historical, Environmental and Socio-Economic Context of Forests and Tree-Based Systems for Food Security and Nutrition Article Swipe
John A. Parrotta
,
Jennie Dey de Pryck
,
Beatrice Darko Obiri
,
Christine Padoch
,
Bronwen Powell
,
Chris Sandbrook
,
Bina Agarwal
,
Amy Ickowitz
,
Katy Jeary
,
Anca Şerban
,
Trey Sunderland
,
Tran Nam Tu
·
YOU?
·
· 2015
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03
YOU?
·
· 2015
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03
Forests and tree-based systems are an important component of rural landscapes, sustaining livelihoods and contributing to the food security and nutritional needs of hundreds of millions of people worldwide.Historically, these systems developed under a wide variety of ecological conditions, and cultural and socio-economic contexts, as integrated approaches that combined management of forest and agricultural areas to provide primarily for the needs of producers and their local communities.Today they serve food and nutrition demands of growing global populations, both urban and rural.Population increase, globalisation, deforestation, land degradation, and ever-increasing demand and associated conflict for land (including forest) resources are placing pressure on these lands.Farmers have been encouraged to intensify food production on existing agricultural lands, by modifying some traditional practices (such as agroforestry) or abandoning others (such as shifting cultivation) that evolved over centuries to cope with biophysical constraints (e.g.limited soil fertility, climate variability) and changing socio-economic conditions.This chapter provides an overview of forests and tree-based systems and their role in enhancing food security and nutrition for rural communities and those served through the marketplace.The variability and viability of these management systems are considered within and across geographical regions and agro-ecological zones.Also discussed is the role of the social, cultural and economic contexts in which these systems exist, with a focus on three factors that affect the socio-economic organisation of forests and tree-based systems, namely: land and tree tenure and governance, human capital (including knowledge and labour) and financial capital (including credit).How these biophysical and socio-economic conditions and their complex interactions influence food security and nutrition outcomes, particularly for vulnerable segments of the population (i.e., the poor, women and children), are of particular concern.
Related Topics
Concepts
Food security
Livelihood
Agriculture
Geography
Business
Deforestation (computer science)
Context (archaeology)
Shifting cultivation
Natural resource economics
Population
Food systems
Environmental planning
Environmental resource management
Agroforestry
Economics
Computer science
Demography
Archaeology
Programming language
Biology
Sociology
Metadata
- Type
- book-chapter
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 21
- References
- 260
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W565332894
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W565332894Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
3. The Historical, Environmental and Socio-Economic Context of Forests and Tree-Based Systems for Food Security and NutritionWork title
- Type
-
book-chapterOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2015Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2015-10-15Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
John A. Parrotta, Jennie Dey de Pryck, Beatrice Darko Obiri, Christine Padoch, Bronwen Powell, Chris Sandbrook, Bina Agarwal, Amy Ickowitz, Katy Jeary, Anca Şerban, Trey Sunderland, Tran Nam TuList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Food security, Livelihood, Agriculture, Geography, Business, Deforestation (computer science), Context (archaeology), Shifting cultivation, Natural resource economics, Population, Food systems, Environmental planning, Environmental resource management, Agroforestry, Economics, Computer science, Demography, Archaeology, Programming language, Biology, SociologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
21Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2024: 2, 2023: 2, 2022: 3, 2021: 4, 2020: 6Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
260Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W565332894 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| ids.mag | 565332894 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W565332894 |
| fwci | 0.58873957 |
| type | book-chapter |
| title | 3. The Historical, Environmental and Socio-Economic Context of Forests and Tree-Based Systems for Food Security and Nutrition |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | 134 |
| biblio.first_page | 71 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10319 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[0].score | 0.9979000091552734 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| topics[0].display_name | Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12630 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[1].score | 0.9937000274658203 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1107 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Forestry |
| topics[1].display_name | African Botany and Ecology Studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T13009 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9794999957084656 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1107 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Forestry |
| topics[2].display_name | Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C549605437 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6915406584739685 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Food security |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C3987366 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6601918339729309 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658164 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Livelihood |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C118518473 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5359139442443848 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Agriculture |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5283787250518799 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C144133560 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5236387252807617 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Business |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2777399953 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5085474252700806 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155658 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Deforestation (computer science) |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2779343474 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4509600102901459 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C141005173 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.433136910200119 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287854 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Shifting cultivation |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C175605778 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4229654371738434 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Natural resource economics |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C2908647359 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.41087818145751953 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Population |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C74893574 |
| concepts[10].level | 4 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.4105331003665924 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5465532 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Food systems |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C91375879 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.4011671841144562 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Environmental planning |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C107826830 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.36238551139831543 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Environmental resource management |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C54286561 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.359978049993515 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Agroforestry |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[14].level | 0 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.2325955331325531 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Economics |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C149923435 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Demography |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C166957645 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Archaeology |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C199360897 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Programming language |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C144024400 |
| concepts[20].level | 0 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Sociology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6915406584739685 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Food security |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/livelihood |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6601918339729309 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Livelihood |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5359139442443848 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Agriculture |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5283787250518799 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/business |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5236387252807617 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Business |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/deforestation |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5085474252700806 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Deforestation (computer science) |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/context |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4509600102901459 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/shifting-cultivation |
| keywords[7].score | 0.433136910200119 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Shifting cultivation |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-resource-economics |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4229654371738434 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Natural resource economics |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/population |
| keywords[9].score | 0.41087818145751953 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Population |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/food-systems |
| keywords[10].score | 0.4105331003665924 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Food systems |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-planning |
| keywords[11].score | 0.4011671841144562 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Environmental planning |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management |
| keywords[12].score | 0.36238551139831543 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Environmental resource management |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry |
| keywords[13].score | 0.359978049993515 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Agroforestry |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economics |
| keywords[14].score | 0.2325955331325531 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Economics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306463697 |
| locations[0].source.issn | |
| locations[0].source.type | ebook platform |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Open Book Publishers |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | book-chapter |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Forests and Food |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/94638 |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402055 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1286583668 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | CGIAR |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1286583668 |
| locations[1].license | cc-by |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | Book Chapter |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://www.cifor.org/knowledge/publication/5936 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043343450 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9283-6037 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | John A. Parrotta |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | John A. Parrotta |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038420942 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-8088 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Jennie Dey de Pryck |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Jennie Dey de Pryck |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5080460447 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Beatrice Darko Obiri |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Beatrice Darko Obiri |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058740918 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Christine Padoch |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Christine Padoch |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5030599809 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-9804 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Bronwen Powell |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Bronwen Powell |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016197963 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9938-4934 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Chris Sandbrook |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Chris Sandbrook |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072160473 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-6877 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Bina Agarwal |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Bina Agarwal |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024112729 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0965-7661 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Amy Ickowitz |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Amy Ickowitz |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5036999444 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Katy Jeary |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Katy Jeary |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5110302491 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8699-8590 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Anca Şerban |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Anca Serban |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5050572165 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-9849 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Trey Sunderland |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Terry Sunderland |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042984886 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Tran Nam Tu |
| authorships[11].author_position | last |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Tran Nam Tu |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | 3. The Historical, Environmental and Socio-Economic Context of Forests and Tree-Based Systems for Food Security and Nutrition |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10319 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9979000091552734 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| primary_topic.display_name | Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4385421158, https://openalex.org/W4320007693, https://openalex.org/W4211047938, https://openalex.org/W4200315805, https://openalex.org/W3183695837, https://openalex.org/W2574109959, https://openalex.org/W2183688345, https://openalex.org/W3011350214, https://openalex.org/W2896925024, https://openalex.org/W4320149069 |
| cited_by_count | 21 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2019 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[6].year | 2016 |
| counts_by_year[6].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306463697 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | |
| best_oa_location.source.type | ebook platform |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Open Book Publishers |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | book-chapter |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Forests and Food |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306463697 |
| primary_location.source.issn | |
| primary_location.source.type | ebook platform |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Open Book Publishers |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | book-chapter |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Forests and Food |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0085.03 |
| publication_date | 2015-10-15 |
| publication_year | 2015 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2100411469, https://openalex.org/W7075641208, https://openalex.org/W2097659328, https://openalex.org/W7075608335, https://openalex.org/W2042005398, https://openalex.org/W1490761324, https://openalex.org/W1028316412, https://openalex.org/W2006227422, https://openalex.org/W4389067525, https://openalex.org/W2093274316, https://openalex.org/W4234855560, https://openalex.org/W7043786766, https://openalex.org/W4246867000, https://openalex.org/W41464513, https://openalex.org/W6681958415, https://openalex.org/W4229891129, https://openalex.org/W2038345407, https://openalex.org/W36190902, https://openalex.org/W1994922032, https://openalex.org/W4301484425, https://openalex.org/W2101255464, https://openalex.org/W2027149644, https://openalex.org/W2123179545, https://openalex.org/W2161586297, https://openalex.org/W2161393010, https://openalex.org/W2096679187, https://openalex.org/W6884935481, https://openalex.org/W2063386777, https://openalex.org/W2156868440, https://openalex.org/W2039673801, https://openalex.org/W2174091511, https://openalex.org/W2139135476, https://openalex.org/W1992750643, https://openalex.org/W2118432446, https://openalex.org/W2022052741, https://openalex.org/W2166402853, https://openalex.org/W569908094, https://openalex.org/W324878833, https://openalex.org/W1982256256, https://openalex.org/W1602451873, https://openalex.org/W1976632828, https://openalex.org/W2145417536, https://openalex.org/W6675797789, https://openalex.org/W2104306077, https://openalex.org/W2076849231, https://openalex.org/W2054585412, https://openalex.org/W6885060955, https://openalex.org/W4206171885, https://openalex.org/W2152154399, https://openalex.org/W2949489487, https://openalex.org/W1991355610, https://openalex.org/W7057783209, https://openalex.org/W4240380712, https://openalex.org/W174761552, https://openalex.org/W29738815, https://openalex.org/W393447913, https://openalex.org/W1907383418, https://openalex.org/W1498653927, https://openalex.org/W2082045690, https://openalex.org/W1976446396, https://openalex.org/W1994433187, https://openalex.org/W2124745074, https://openalex.org/W1976884181, https://openalex.org/W2203677259, https://openalex.org/W2048632940, https://openalex.org/W1840160675, https://openalex.org/W191680495, https://openalex.org/W3126107936, https://openalex.org/W2808402326, https://openalex.org/W2094780060, https://openalex.org/W2141616986, https://openalex.org/W1887790439, https://openalex.org/W1907852090, https://openalex.org/W2017138863, https://openalex.org/W2756789387, https://openalex.org/W7071651851, https://openalex.org/W4211264404, https://openalex.org/W2038311871, https://openalex.org/W2153820558, https://openalex.org/W4248016851, https://openalex.org/W1966427249, https://openalex.org/W6631539082, https://openalex.org/W4248766267, https://openalex.org/W2138669381, https://openalex.org/W2136508577, https://openalex.org/W75603542, https://openalex.org/W92699260, https://openalex.org/W2115943082, https://openalex.org/W54745097, https://openalex.org/W1852435156, https://openalex.org/W4254089667, https://openalex.org/W1834962218, https://openalex.org/W2278866024, https://openalex.org/W4205545584, https://openalex.org/W2163541718, https://openalex.org/W1523267504, https://openalex.org/W6688853816, https://openalex.org/W2044000114, https://openalex.org/W2413886298, https://openalex.org/W196692839, https://openalex.org/W4249583851, https://openalex.org/W2159849433, https://openalex.org/W2155750276, https://openalex.org/W2124109731, https://openalex.org/W6738880135, https://openalex.org/W2167784289, https://openalex.org/W1989576200, https://openalex.org/W2019296384, https://openalex.org/W1508621259, https://openalex.org/W2116725241, https://openalex.org/W2063036053, https://openalex.org/W2127602796, https://openalex.org/W2154655440, https://openalex.org/W2169288669, https://openalex.org/W43061299, https://openalex.org/W317235760, https://openalex.org/W1519824296, https://openalex.org/W2015431245, https://openalex.org/W4211212154, https://openalex.org/W6621182953, https://openalex.org/W2046567883, https://openalex.org/W2014512296, https://openalex.org/W2145352018, https://openalex.org/W1991394366, https://openalex.org/W2224239909, https://openalex.org/W2099150972, https://openalex.org/W1966891304, https://openalex.org/W4205279043, https://openalex.org/W1905536488, https://openalex.org/W9402558, https://openalex.org/W2014155289, https://openalex.org/W1969130421, https://openalex.org/W2157154835, https://openalex.org/W2111155376, https://openalex.org/W2007010740, https://openalex.org/W989183286, https://openalex.org/W2165950933, https://openalex.org/W2027067812, https://openalex.org/W1479018484, https://openalex.org/W2084337353, https://openalex.org/W4211094099, https://openalex.org/W2027653736, https://openalex.org/W1551533759, https://openalex.org/W2057979080, https://openalex.org/W2102952322, https://openalex.org/W2065187141, https://openalex.org/W2124124339, https://openalex.org/W2146751470, https://openalex.org/W2022626482, https://openalex.org/W2135416851, https://openalex.org/W2156403429, https://openalex.org/W1992588653, https://openalex.org/W2152282911, https://openalex.org/W2098017420, https://openalex.org/W2002121040, https://openalex.org/W2160982029, https://openalex.org/W6729739461, https://openalex.org/W2094858980, https://openalex.org/W2235466382, https://openalex.org/W240095589, https://openalex.org/W2007749762, https://openalex.org/W3125844830, https://openalex.org/W196237685, https://openalex.org/W1999116405, https://openalex.org/W2056724844, https://openalex.org/W2075594396, https://openalex.org/W2120707600, https://openalex.org/W1970760887, https://openalex.org/W6638288771, https://openalex.org/W4211139134, https://openalex.org/W1984209746, https://openalex.org/W2549830915, https://openalex.org/W303335031, https://openalex.org/W6678610239, https://openalex.org/W2136555395, https://openalex.org/W2156520949, https://openalex.org/W6903986303, https://openalex.org/W208031717, https://openalex.org/W2475619514, https://openalex.org/W1972622258, https://openalex.org/W2078069670, https://openalex.org/W2097756938, https://openalex.org/W307531107, https://openalex.org/W4210996966, https://openalex.org/W2052992692, https://openalex.org/W1566053956, https://openalex.org/W1584787093, https://openalex.org/W1579343297, https://openalex.org/W314366901, https://openalex.org/W2114735032, https://openalex.org/W273652517, https://openalex.org/W1522386633, https://openalex.org/W2062010063, https://openalex.org/W1897189597, https://openalex.org/W4210979963, https://openalex.org/W2495556652, https://openalex.org/W2144511770, https://openalex.org/W4245751826, https://openalex.org/W2163287826, https://openalex.org/W2113399683, https://openalex.org/W4230775627, https://openalex.org/W2086968148, https://openalex.org/W6684141577, https://openalex.org/W2164479071, https://openalex.org/W1498188520, https://openalex.org/W2046673725, https://openalex.org/W4211164269, https://openalex.org/W2201432439, https://openalex.org/W1986716388, https://openalex.org/W1600429647, https://openalex.org/W2106183476, https://openalex.org/W2008270718, https://openalex.org/W2096258214, https://openalex.org/W3162006628, https://openalex.org/W2068800613, https://openalex.org/W1963852260, https://openalex.org/W4230064931, https://openalex.org/W4396958504, https://openalex.org/W7015224839, https://openalex.org/W6604337502, https://openalex.org/W2188502169, https://openalex.org/W1485705385, https://openalex.org/W7065137634, https://openalex.org/W2096932463, https://openalex.org/W3412167, https://openalex.org/W2046779745, https://openalex.org/W2153804214, https://openalex.org/W2146871974, https://openalex.org/W2167094923, https://openalex.org/W1972592435, https://openalex.org/W1977616371, https://openalex.org/W73866593, https://openalex.org/W2102142855, https://openalex.org/W1965732584, https://openalex.org/W2115966287, https://openalex.org/W2016160331, https://openalex.org/W2067212781, https://openalex.org/W239081611, https://openalex.org/W2143015828, https://openalex.org/W2019917169, https://openalex.org/W4229831542, https://openalex.org/W2165509045, https://openalex.org/W1800624248, https://openalex.org/W4236029715, https://openalex.org/W4247596369, https://openalex.org/W2419315346, https://openalex.org/W2771091108, https://openalex.org/W2122604797, https://openalex.org/W2147990087, https://openalex.org/W644784191, https://openalex.org/W574914846, https://openalex.org/W2767193126, https://openalex.org/W1811772639, https://openalex.org/W581540920, https://openalex.org/W2103179446, https://openalex.org/W2285947715, https://openalex.org/W1467030673, https://openalex.org/W3021231526, https://openalex.org/W579163506, https://openalex.org/W2164800645 |
| referenced_works_count | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 33, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 5, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 44, 120, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 159, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 8, 22, 24, 26, 36, 50, 61, 73, 151, 177, 195, 218, 260, 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 100, 110, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 15, 55, 106, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 1, 13, 19, 39, 41, 52, 63, 70, 79, 86, 89, 143, 153, 156, 163, 168, 175, 184, 188, 199, 220, 225, 228, 234, 236, 243, 246, 253, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 4, 97, 181, 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 58, 92, 165, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 16, 59, 172, 193, 196, 215, 261, 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cope | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.food | 17, 69, 108, 161, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.land | 84, 93, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 158, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.soil | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 47, 129, 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.they | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tree | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wide | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 135, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(such | 119, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.areas | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focus | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.local | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needs | 21, 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poor, | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rural | 9, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serve | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 64, 157, 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 29, 101, 178, 204, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urban | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(i.e., | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demand | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exist, | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forest | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.global | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lands, | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.others | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.served | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tenure | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.within | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Forests | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capital | 231, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chapter | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.climate | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demands | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evolved | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forest) | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forests | 152, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growing | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.labour) | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.namely: | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placing | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regions | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.social, | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems | 3, 30, 155, 180, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variety | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changing | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combined | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concern. | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conflict | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contexts | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cultural | 40, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economic | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.existing | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hundreds | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.millions | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overview | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pressure | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provides | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.security | 18, 162, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segments | 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shifting | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems, | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.centuries | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.component | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contexts, | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discussed | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhancing | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.financial | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.important | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase, | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influence | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intensify | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modifying | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrition | 71, 164, 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcomes, | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practices | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primarily | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.producers | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resources | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viability | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(including | 94, 232, 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.abandoning | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approaches | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children), | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.considered | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ecological | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.encouraged | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fertility, | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integrated | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 49, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particular | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sustaining | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tree-based | 2, 154, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vulnerable | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.zones.Also | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biophysical | 136, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.communities | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions, | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constraints | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.credit).How | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.governance, | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.landscapes, | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.livelihoods | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutritional | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traditional | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variability | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(e.g.limited | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agricultural | 53, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contributing | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cultivation) | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.degradation, | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.geographical | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interactions | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.organisation | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations, | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variability) | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agroforestry) | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lands.Farmers | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deforestation, | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.globalisation, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.socio-economic | 42, 145, 216, 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agro-ecological | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions.This | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ever-increasing | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marketplace.The | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rural.Population | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.communities.Today | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.worldwide.Historically, | 28 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 12 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.66376373 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |