A Comparison of Unimodal and Multimodal Measurements of Driver Stress in Real-World Driving Conditions Article Swipe
Christine Spencer
,
Ibrahim Alper Koc
,
Chihiro Suga
,
Alex Junho Lee
,
Anupama Mahesh Dhareshwar
,
Elin Franzén
,
Maria Iozzo
,
Gawain Morrison
,
Gary McKeown
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/en5r3
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/en5r3
Objectively measuring drivers’ emotions in real-world conditions is a challenging endeavour. This study investigated whether drivers’ emotional responses were captured more meaningfully by unimodal measurements or by a multimodal machine-learning approach. Ten participants drove a 23-mile route around Sunnyvale, California, while their heart rate, breathing rate and facial expressions were recorded. At regular intervals, participants indicated how they were feeling. After the study, independent observers reviewed a sample of the videotaped sessions, classifying the participants as experiencing high or low levels of stress according to their behaviour. The degree to which drivers’ self-report scores, single physiological data streams and facial behaviour - as judged by a facial recognition machine classifier - reflected their actual stress levels was compared to the multimodal algorithmic estimates which combined physiological and facial data outputs. The results showed that, compared to the other single data modes, the multimodal approach captured how the participants were feeling in a way which most meaningfully corresponded with their observed behaviour. The findings re-affirm the need for multimodal emotion-recognition systems for capturing driver stress. The limitations of the study are also discussed.
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Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/en5r3
- https://psyarxiv.com/en5r3/download
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 9
- References
- 102
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3160396917
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3160396917Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/en5r3Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
A Comparison of Unimodal and Multimodal Measurements of Driver Stress in Real-World Driving ConditionsWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-06-12Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Christine Spencer, Ibrahim Alper Koc, Chihiro Suga, Alex Junho Lee, Anupama Mahesh Dhareshwar, Elin Franzén, Maria Iozzo, Gawain Morrison, Gary McKeownList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/en5r3Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://psyarxiv.com/en5r3/downloadDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://psyarxiv.com/en5r3/downloadDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Feeling, Emotion recognition, Facial expression, Psychology, Classifier (UML), Stress (linguistics), Facial recognition system, Cognitive psychology, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Applied psychology, Social psychology, Pattern recognition (psychology), Philosophy, LinguisticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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9Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2024: 2, 2023: 2, 2022: 3, 2021: 1, 2020: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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102Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| primary_topic.field.display_name | Psychology |
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| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue |
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| counts_by_year[1].year | 2023 |
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| counts_by_year[2].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 1 |
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| publication_date | 2020-06-12 |
| publication_year | 2020 |
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