A generic controller for teleoperation on robotic manipulators using low-cost devices Article Swipe
Bartek Łukawski
,
Juan G. Victores
,
Carlos Balaguer
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785
A usual form of human-robot interaction is the ability of the former to remotely command the latter through any sort of auxiliary device; this interaction is referred to with the term “teleoperation”. Robots are common examples of systems that can be controlled remotely. Depending on the task at hand, said systems can grow in complexity and costs. Specifically, the peripherals devoted to controlling the robot could require costly engineering and even an ad hoc design. However, a range of low-cost, commercial devices and controllers, originally intended for other purposes, can also be a good fit for teleoperation tasks in robotics. This work explores a selected collection of popular devices of this kind, and proposes a unified framework to exploit their capabilities as remote controllers for a set of robotic platforms. Their suitability is proven both on real and simulated versions of these platforms through simple experiments that show how they could be further used in more complex scenarios.
Related Topics
Concepts
Teleoperation
Robotics
Exploit
Task (project management)
Robot
Set (abstract data type)
sort
Computer science
Controller (irrigation)
Control engineering
Robotic arm
Simple (philosophy)
Human–computer interaction
Artificial intelligence
Simulation
Engineering
Systems engineering
Biology
Epistemology
Philosophy
Agronomy
Computer security
Programming language
Information retrieval
Metadata
- Type
- book-chapter
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4387941788
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4387941788Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
A generic controller for teleoperation on robotic manipulators using low-cost devicesWork title
- Type
-
book-chapterOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-08-28Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Bartek Łukawski, Juan G. Victores, Carlos BalaguerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Teleoperation, Robotics, Exploit, Task (project management), Robot, Set (abstract data type), sort, Computer science, Controller (irrigation), Control engineering, Robotic arm, Simple (philosophy), Human–computer interaction, Artificial intelligence, Simulation, Engineering, Systems engineering, Biology, Epistemology, Philosophy, Agronomy, Computer security, Programming language, Information retrievalTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4387941788 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4387941788 |
| fwci | 4.24596601 |
| type | book-chapter |
| title | A generic controller for teleoperation on robotic manipulators using low-cost devices |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | 788 |
| biblio.first_page | 785 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11687 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 0.9979000091552734 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2210 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Mechanical Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Teleoperation and Haptic Systems |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12784 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[1].score | 0.9975000023841858 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2210 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Mechanical Engineering |
| topics[1].display_name | Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T13382 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9973999857902527 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2207 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Control and Systems Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Robotics and Automated Systems |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C161759796 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9749701023101807 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3982902 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Teleoperation |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C34413123 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6653544902801514 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Robotics |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C165696696 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6279668211936951 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Exploit |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2780451532 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6225494146347046 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Task (project management) |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C90509273 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.6128612160682678 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Robot |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C177264268 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5584650039672852 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Set (abstract data type) |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C88548561 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5457633137702942 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599 |
| concepts[6].display_name | sort |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5446247458457947 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C203479927 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.498305082321167 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Controller (irrigation) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C133731056 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.49365076422691345 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Control engineering |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C150415221 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.4379422962665558 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40687 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Robotic arm |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C2780586882 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.4162672758102417 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Simple (philosophy) |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C107457646 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.3977835178375244 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Human–computer interaction |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.3868025839328766 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C44154836 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.3266025483608246 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Simulation |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.32327914237976074 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C201995342 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.16370126605033875 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Systems engineering |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C111472728 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Epistemology |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C138885662 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Philosophy |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C6557445 |
| concepts[20].level | 1 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Agronomy |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C38652104 |
| concepts[21].level | 1 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Computer security |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C199360897 |
| concepts[22].level | 1 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Programming language |
| concepts[23].id | https://openalex.org/C23123220 |
| concepts[23].level | 1 |
| concepts[23].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[23].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826 |
| concepts[23].display_name | Information retrieval |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/teleoperation |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9749701023101807 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Teleoperation |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6653544902801514 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Robotics |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6279668211936951 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Exploit |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/task |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6225494146347046 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Task (project management) |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/robot |
| keywords[4].score | 0.6128612160682678 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Robot |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/set |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5584650039672852 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Set (abstract data type) |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sort |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5457633137702942 |
| keywords[6].display_name | sort |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5446247458457947 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/controller |
| keywords[8].score | 0.498305082321167 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Controller (irrigation) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering |
| keywords[9].score | 0.49365076422691345 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Control engineering |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/robotic-arm |
| keywords[10].score | 0.4379422962665558 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Robotic arm |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/simple |
| keywords[11].score | 0.4162672758102417 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Simple (philosophy) |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/human–computer-interaction |
| keywords[12].score | 0.3977835178375244 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Human–computer interaction |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[13].score | 0.3868025839328766 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation |
| keywords[14].score | 0.3266025483608246 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Simulation |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[15].score | 0.32327914237976074 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering |
| keywords[16].score | 0.16370126605033875 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Systems engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | book-chapter |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | XLIV Jornadas de Automática: libro de actas: Universidad de Zaragoza, Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, 6, 7 y 8 de septiembre de 2023, Zaragoza |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:ruc.udc.es:2183/33680 |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402204 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | RUC (Universidade Da Coruña) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | http://hdl.handle.net/2183/33680 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5075235299 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1052-3345 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Bartek Łukawski |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Bartek Łukawski |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5054568937 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3080-3467 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Juan G. Victores |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Juan G. Victores |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038098758 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-4625 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Carlos Balaguer |
| authorships[2].author_position | last |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Carlos Balaguer |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | A generic controller for teleoperation on robotic manipulators using low-cost devices |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11687 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9979000091552734 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2210 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Mechanical Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Teleoperation and Haptic Systems |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W1923069992, https://openalex.org/W17155033, https://openalex.org/W2160982102, https://openalex.org/W2048862765, https://openalex.org/W2770942502, https://openalex.org/W4281943815, https://openalex.org/W2364738582, https://openalex.org/W2296377172, https://openalex.org/W2160932924, https://openalex.org/W2292211093 |
| cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | book-chapter |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | XLIV Jornadas de Automática: libro de actas: Universidad de Zaragoza, Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, 6, 7 y 8 de septiembre de 2023, Zaragoza |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | book-chapter |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | XLIV Jornadas de Automática: libro de actas: Universidad de Zaragoza, Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, 6, 7 y 8 de septiembre de 2023, Zaragoza |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498609.785 |
| publication_date | 2023-08-28 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works_count | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 76, 92, 103, 114, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ad | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 40, 91, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 53, 98, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 6, 25, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 3, 9, 20, 36, 78, 106, 109, 127, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 44, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 12, 27, 61, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 55, 69, 82, 112, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.any | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 39, 51, 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fit | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 86, 95, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hoc | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.how | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.set | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 7, 10, 15, 29, 45, 58, 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.even | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.form | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.good | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grow | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.said | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sort | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.task | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.term | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 38, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.they | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 23, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Their | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 65, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hand, | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kind, | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robot | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tasks | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.usual | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Robots | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.costly | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.costs. | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.former | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.latter | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proven | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remote | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simple | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ability | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.command | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.design. | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.device; | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.devices | 81, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.devoted | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploit | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.popular | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.require | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robotic | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems | 37, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 17, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unified | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examples | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explores | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intended | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposes | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.referred | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remotely | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selected | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versions | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Depending | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.auxiliary | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low-cost, | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platforms | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.purposes, | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remotely. | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robotics. | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulated | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collection | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.commercial | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complexity | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlled | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.originally | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platforms. | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scenarios. | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controllers | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlling | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engineering | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiments | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human-robot | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interaction | 5, 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.peripherals | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitability | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capabilities | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controllers, | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Specifically, | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teleoperation | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.“teleoperation”. | 31 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 3 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.93612067 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |