A process inspired by fractals for embedding digital codes into additively manufactured components for supply chain security Article Swipe
Saber Nemati
,
Ali Mahmoudi
,
Kyungmin Ham
,
Tie Siemers
,
Shengmin Guo
,
Josephine Gutekunst
,
Joachim Schulz
,
Ian Taylor
,
Michele Maasberg
,
Leslie G. Butler
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87215-0
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87215-0
This study describes procedures for embedding digital information into additively manufactured components as well as procedures for readout and tensile testing. Embedded digital codes were printed inside ASTM E8/E8M dumbbells using Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLS) with an EOS M290 printer. The codes were configured as either ellipsoids or prolate spheroids in patterns given by the Cantor dust fractal. Tensile testing was performed on 15 dumbbells, 7 with digital codes in the gauge volume and 8 with codes in the dumbbell tail. Results showed that the dumbbells met the ultimate tensile strength specification for the EOS AlF357 powder. X-ray imaging, both conventional and interferometry, was explored to detect the digital information. X-ray tomography showed measured ellipsoid volumes slightly larger than as-designed ellipsoid volumes, even when partially filled with loose powder. X-ray interferometry showed increased void detectability, one advantage of loose powder. These results suggest a standard selective laser sintering printer with typical metal powders could reasonably expect to print 100 bits of embedded digital information in a gauge volume 6 mm in diameter as 300 [Formula: see text]m voids while still maintaining tensile specifications.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87215-0
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-87215-0.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 25
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4406815891
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4406815891Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87215-0Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
A process inspired by fractals for embedding digital codes into additively manufactured components for supply chain securityWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-01-25Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Saber Nemati, Ali Mahmoudi, Kyungmin Ham, Tie Siemers, Shengmin Guo, Josephine Gutekunst, Joachim Schulz, Ian Taylor, Michele Maasberg, Leslie G. ButlerList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87215-0Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-87215-0.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-87215-0.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Embedding, Computer science, Supply chain, Process (computing), Chain (unit), Fractal, Theoretical computer science, Cryptography, Artificial intelligence, Algorithm, Mathematics, Programming language, Business, Astronomy, Marketing, Physics, Mathematical analysisTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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25Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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