A rapid and versatile reverse genetics approach for generating recombinant positive-strand RNA viruses that use IRES-mediated translation Article Swipe
Tomokazu Tamura
,
Hirotaka Yamamoto
,
Saho Ogino
,
Yuhei Morioka
,
Shuhei Tsujino
,
Rigel Suzuki
,
Takahiro Hiono
,
Saori Suzuki
,
Norikazu Isoda
,
Yoshihiro Sakoda
,
Takasuke Fukuhara
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23
Reverse genetics systems have played a central role in developing recombinant viruses for a wide spectrum of virus research. The circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) method has been applied to studying positive-strand RNA viruses, allowing researchers to bypass molecular cloning of viral cDNA clones and thus leading to the rapid generation of recombinant viruses. However, thus far, the CPER protocol has only been established using cap-dependent RNA viruses. Here, we demonstrate that a modified version of the CPER method can be successfully applied to positive-strand RNA viruses that use cap-independent, internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated translation. As a proof-of-concept, we employed mammalian viruses with different types (classes I, II, and III) of IRES to optimize the CPER method. Using the hepatitis C virus (HCV, class III), we found that inclusion in the CPER assembly of an RNA polymerase I promoter and terminator, instead of those from polymerase II, allowed greater viral production. This approach was also successful in generating recombinant bovine viral diarrhea virus (class III) following transfection of MDBK/293T co-cultures to overcome low transfection efficiency. In addition, we successfully generated the recombinant viruses from clinical specimens. Our modified CPER could be used for producing hepatitis A virus (HAV, type I) as well as de novo generation of encephalomyocarditis virus (type II). Finally, we generated recombinant HCV and HAV reporter viruses that exhibited replication comparable to that of the wild-type parental viruses. The recombinant HAV reporter virus helped evaluate antivirals. Taking the findings together, this study offers methodological advances in virology. IMPORTANCE The lack of versatility of reverse genetics systems remains a bottleneck in viral research. Especially when (re-)emerging viruses reach pandemic levels, rapid characterization and establishment of effective countermeasures using recombinant viruses are beneficial in disease control. Indeed, numerous studies have attempted to establish and improve the methods. The circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) method has overcome major obstacles in generating recombinant viruses. However, this method has not yet been examined for positive-strand RNA viruses that use cap-independent, internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation. Here, we engineered a suitable gene cassette to expand the CPER method for all positive-strand RNA viruses. Furthermore, we overcame the difficulty of generating recombinant viruses because of low transfection efficiency. Using this modified method, we also successfully generated reporter viruses and recombinant viruses from a field sample without virus isolation. Taking these findings together, our adapted methodology is an innovative technology that could help advance virologic research.
Related Topics
Concepts
Biology
Virology
Internal ribosome entry site
Recombinant DNA
Virus
Reverse genetics
RNA
RNA virus
Recombinant virus
Viral replication
Polymerase
Molecular biology
Gene
Genetics
Genome
Ribosome
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 5
- References
- 72
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4391822898
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4391822898Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
A rapid and versatile reverse genetics approach for generating recombinant positive-strand RNA viruses that use IRES-mediated translationWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-02-14Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Tomokazu Tamura, Hirotaka Yamamoto, Saho Ogino, Yuhei Morioka, Shuhei Tsujino, Rigel Suzuki, Takahiro Hiono, Saori Suzuki, Norikazu Isoda, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Takasuke FukuharaList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10949505/pdf/jvi.01638-23.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Biology, Virology, Internal ribosome entry site, Recombinant DNA, Virus, Reverse genetics, RNA, RNA virus, Recombinant virus, Viral replication, Polymerase, Molecular biology, Gene, Genetics, Genome, RibosomeTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
5Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 4, 2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
72Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4391822898 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38353536 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4391822898 |
| fwci | 5.19055999 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D014176 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Protein Biosynthesis |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D059386 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Reverse Genetics |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D012367 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | RNA, Viral |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D014176 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Protein Biosynthesis |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D059386 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Reverse Genetics |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D012367 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | RNA, Viral |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D014176 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Protein Biosynthesis |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D059386 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Reverse Genetics |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D012367 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | RNA, Viral |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[32].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[32].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[32].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[32].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[32].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[33].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_ui | D014176 |
| mesh[33].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[33].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_name | Protein Biosynthesis |
| mesh[34].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[34].descriptor_ui | D059386 |
| mesh[34].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[34].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[34].descriptor_name | Reverse Genetics |
| mesh[35].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[35].descriptor_ui | D012367 |
| mesh[35].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[35].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[35].descriptor_name | RNA, Viral |
| mesh[36].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[36].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[36].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[37].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[37].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[37].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[37].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[37].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[38].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[38].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[38].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[38].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[38].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[39].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[39].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[39].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[39].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[39].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[40].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[40].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[40].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[40].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[40].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[41].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[41].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[41].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[41].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[41].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| mesh[42].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_ui | D014176 |
| mesh[42].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[42].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_name | Protein Biosynthesis |
| mesh[43].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[43].descriptor_ui | D059386 |
| mesh[43].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[43].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[43].descriptor_name | Reverse Genetics |
| mesh[44].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[44].descriptor_ui | D012367 |
| mesh[44].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[44].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[44].descriptor_name | RNA, Viral |
| mesh[45].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[45].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[45].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[45].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[45].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[46].qualifier_ui | Q000378 |
| mesh[46].descriptor_ui | D006526 |
| mesh[46].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[46].qualifier_name | metabolism |
| mesh[46].descriptor_name | Hepatitis C |
| mesh[47].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[47].descriptor_ui | D000067556 |
| mesh[47].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[47].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[47].descriptor_name | Internal Ribosome Entry Sites |
| mesh[48].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[48].descriptor_ui | D008322 |
| mesh[48].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[48].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[48].descriptor_name | Mammals |
| mesh[49].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[49].descriptor_ui | D000085102 |
| mesh[49].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[49].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[49].descriptor_name | Positive-Strand RNA Viruses |
| type | article |
| title | A rapid and versatile reverse genetics approach for generating recombinant positive-strand RNA viruses that use IRES-mediated translation |
| biblio.issue | 3 |
| biblio.volume | 98 |
| biblio.last_page | e0163823 |
| biblio.first_page | e0163823 |
| grants[0].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320311405 |
| grants[0].award_id | JP22gm1610008h0001 |
| grants[0].funder_display_name | Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development |
| grants[1].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320322173 |
| grants[1].award_id | |
| grants[1].funder_display_name | Hokuto Foundation for Bioscience |
| grants[2].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320323533 |
| grants[2].award_id | |
| grants[2].funder_display_name | Hokkaido University |
| grants[3].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320324030 |
| grants[3].award_id | |
| grants[3].funder_display_name | Takeda Medical Research Foundation |
| grants[4].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320334764 |
| grants[4].award_id | JP23K20041 |
| grants[4].funder_display_name | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10976 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11112 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2705 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine |
| topics[1].display_name | Viral Infections and Immunology Research |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11495 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9995999932289124 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1103 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Animal Science and Zoology |
| topics[2].display_name | Animal Virus Infections Studies |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320311405 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/004rtk039 |
| funders[0].display_name | Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320322173 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/03r72d818 |
| funders[1].display_name | Hokuto Foundation for Bioscience |
| funders[2].id | https://openalex.org/F4320323533 |
| funders[2].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| funders[2].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| funders[3].id | https://openalex.org/F4320324030 |
| funders[3].ror | |
| funders[3].display_name | Takeda Medical Research Foundation |
| funders[4].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334764 |
| funders[4].ror | https://ror.org/00hhkn466 |
| funders[4].display_name | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8542869091033936 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C159047783 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7808665633201599 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Virology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C77430603 |
| concepts[2].level | 5 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7786041498184204 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166992 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Internal ribosome entry site |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C40767141 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6687940359115601 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Recombinant DNA |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2522874641 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5655159950256348 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Virus |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C25365240 |
| concepts[5].level | 4 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5588668584823608 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897151 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Reverse genetics |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C67705224 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5501521229743958 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053 |
| concepts[6].display_name | RNA |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2779174946 |
| concepts[7].level | 4 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.48698005080223083 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751911 |
| concepts[7].display_name | RNA virus |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C39060996 |
| concepts[8].level | 4 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4813474118709564 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302706 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Recombinant virus |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C140704245 |
| concepts[9].level | 3 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.45224839448928833 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Viral replication |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C82381507 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.4146379828453064 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416878 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Polymerase |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C153911025 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.3283081650733948 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Molecular biology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C104317684 |
| concepts[12].level | 2 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2665160894393921 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Gene |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.2304820716381073 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Genetics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C141231307 |
| concepts[14].level | 3 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.14968404173851013 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Genome |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C88478588 |
| concepts[15].level | 4 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.12963703274726868 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42244 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Ribosome |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8542869091033936 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/virology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7808665633201599 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Virology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-ribosome-entry-site |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7786041498184204 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Internal ribosome entry site |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/recombinant-dna |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6687940359115601 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Recombinant DNA |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/virus |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5655159950256348 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Virus |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-genetics |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5588668584823608 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Reverse genetics |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/rna |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5501521229743958 |
| keywords[6].display_name | RNA |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-virus |
| keywords[7].score | 0.48698005080223083 |
| keywords[7].display_name | RNA virus |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/recombinant-virus |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4813474118709564 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Recombinant virus |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-replication |
| keywords[9].score | 0.45224839448928833 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Viral replication |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/polymerase |
| keywords[10].score | 0.4146379828453064 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Polymerase |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-biology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.3283081650733948 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Molecular biology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/gene |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2665160894393921 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Gene |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics |
| keywords[13].score | 0.2304820716381073 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Genetics |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/genome |
| keywords[14].score | 0.14968404173851013 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Genome |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ribosome |
| keywords[15].score | 0.12963703274726868 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Ribosome |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| locations[0].is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S96615428 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0022-538X, 1070-6321, 1098-5514 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0022-538X |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Virology |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320263 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | American Society for Microbiology |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320263 |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Virology |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:38353536 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of virology |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38353536 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10949505 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10949505/pdf/jvi.01638-23.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | J Virol |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10949505 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5050151329 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-6610 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Tomokazu Tamura |
| authorships[0].countries | JP |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I201800536, https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/04bz6gw73 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | Sapporo University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Tomokazu Tamura |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5062893022 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-2040 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Hirotaka Yamamoto |
| authorships[1].countries | JP |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Hirotaka Yamamoto |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5062996630 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Saho Ogino |
| authorships[2].countries | JP |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Saho Ogino |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5112549613 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Yuhei Morioka |
| authorships[3].countries | JP |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/035t8zc32 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | The University of Osaka |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Yuhei Morioka |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025558942 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7542-3785 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Shuhei Tsujino |
| authorships[4].countries | JP |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Shuhei Tsujino |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5088055510 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2700-4867 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Rigel Suzuki |
| authorships[5].countries | JP |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Rigel Suzuki |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084229679 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-3592 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Takahiro Hiono |
| authorships[6].countries | JP |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[6].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[6].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I201800536, https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/04bz6gw73 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | Sapporo University |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Takahiro Hiono |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5031472173 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6604 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Saori Suzuki |
| authorships[7].countries | JP |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Saori Suzuki |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5073382805 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-988X |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Norikazu Isoda |
| authorships[8].countries | JP |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[8].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I201800536, https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[8].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/04bz6gw73 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name | Sapporo University |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Norikazu Isoda |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005821045 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-1688 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Yoshihiro Sakoda |
| authorships[9].countries | JP |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[9].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I201800536, https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[9].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/04bz6gw73 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | Sapporo University |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Yoshihiro Sakoda |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5039077926 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5471-8331 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Takasuke Fukuhara |
| authorships[10].countries | JP |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802003475 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan |
| authorships[10].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[10].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[10].affiliations[4].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I201800536, https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[4].raw_affiliation_string | One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02e16g702 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205349734 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Hokkaido University |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2802003475 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/004rtk039 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802003475 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].country_code | JP |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].display_name | Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/04bz6gw73 |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I201800536 |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].country_code | JP |
| authorships[10].institutions[2].display_name | Sapporo University |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/035t8zc32 |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I98285908 |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].country_code | JP |
| authorships[10].institutions[3].display_name | The University of Osaka |
| authorships[10].author_position | last |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Takasuke Fukuhara |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10949505/pdf/jvi.01638-23.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | green |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | A rapid and versatile reverse genetics approach for generating recombinant positive-strand RNA viruses that use IRES-mediated translation |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10976 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2113418045, https://openalex.org/W2019240126, https://openalex.org/W2374388383, https://openalex.org/W3029329390, https://openalex.org/W3030064830, https://openalex.org/W3111035371, https://openalex.org/W2369743488, https://openalex.org/W2042940662, https://openalex.org/W161362620, https://openalex.org/W2370708486 |
| cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10949505 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | |
| best_oa_location.source.type | repository |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10949505/pdf/jvi.01638-23.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | submittedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | Text |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | False |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | J Virol |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10949505 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| primary_location.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S96615428 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0022-538X, 1070-6321, 1098-5514 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0022-538X |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Virology |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320263 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | American Society for Microbiology |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320263 |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Virology |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01638-23 |
| publication_date | 2024-02-14 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2978577943, https://openalex.org/W3019697184, https://openalex.org/W2146211159, https://openalex.org/W2115445238, https://openalex.org/W2058740609, https://openalex.org/W2766950561, https://openalex.org/W2969456221, https://openalex.org/W2045866351, https://openalex.org/W2763547223, https://openalex.org/W3048531412, https://openalex.org/W2382472450, https://openalex.org/W2080593918, https://openalex.org/W1602620419, https://openalex.org/W2015557312, https://openalex.org/W2100496875, https://openalex.org/W1969259519, https://openalex.org/W2616161033, https://openalex.org/W4200486608, https://openalex.org/W3142564745, https://openalex.org/W3171505118, https://openalex.org/W2996634753, https://openalex.org/W4385230273, https://openalex.org/W1969003683, https://openalex.org/W2903102808, https://openalex.org/W1914838920, https://openalex.org/W2003579943, https://openalex.org/W2226712470, https://openalex.org/W1992378816, https://openalex.org/W2106396133, https://openalex.org/W2065784827, https://openalex.org/W2046502557, https://openalex.org/W2612261084, https://openalex.org/W4243432010, https://openalex.org/W3184293930, https://openalex.org/W2768411897, https://openalex.org/W2094543551, https://openalex.org/W2048375136, https://openalex.org/W2119663954, https://openalex.org/W2039396665, https://openalex.org/W1807212217, https://openalex.org/W2942912505, https://openalex.org/W2048731469, https://openalex.org/W2101424708, https://openalex.org/W2134760572, https://openalex.org/W2066203226, https://openalex.org/W2022386678, https://openalex.org/W2133106116, https://openalex.org/W1969421111, https://openalex.org/W2134358255, https://openalex.org/W2025401269, https://openalex.org/W2062174742, https://openalex.org/W2077980272, https://openalex.org/W1999487724, https://openalex.org/W2048399180, https://openalex.org/W2331213472, https://openalex.org/W1871241548, https://openalex.org/W2109124959, https://openalex.org/W1696933427, https://openalex.org/W4211019241, https://openalex.org/W4306732182, https://openalex.org/W2075864449, https://openalex.org/W2149612630, https://openalex.org/W2013446236, https://openalex.org/W2088796437, https://openalex.org/W2131143399, https://openalex.org/W2256756668, https://openalex.org/W1977484015, https://openalex.org/W2032994645, https://openalex.org/W2165219103, https://openalex.org/W2807207786, https://openalex.org/W2022687771, https://openalex.org/W2165918134 |
| referenced_works_count | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.C | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.I | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 6, 14, 73, 98, 262, 338, 380 |
| abstract_inverted_index.As | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.I) | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.I, | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 136, 394 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 202, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 81, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.de | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 9, 131, 158, 250, 264, 286, 311 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 393 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 17, 41, 52, 76, 112, 135, 144, 169, 208, 228, 255, 257, 278, 357, 362 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 30, 37, 48, 84, 114, 172, 226, 294, 342 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 70, 100, 127, 179, 214, 336, 353, 370 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HAV | 219, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HCV | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.II, | 109, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RNA | 33, 67, 86, 137, 325, 350 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 20, 233, 253, 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.all | 348 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 45, 110, 141, 218, 276, 296, 376 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 13, 194, 323, 347 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 27, 61, 307, 318 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 174, 363 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 390 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 49, 58, 77, 116, 120, 132, 182, 229, 242, 298, 344, 355 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 89, 328 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.yet | 320 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CPER | 59, 78, 117, 133, 190, 345 |
| abstract_inverted_index.II). | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.III) | 111, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IRES | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 156, 371 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 28, 63, 321 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cDNA | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.far, | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 146, 185, 379 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gene | 340 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 4, 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.help | 399 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lack | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.novo | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.only | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.site | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 72, 88, 129, 222, 227, 327, 397 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 245, 316, 367 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thus | 46, 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wide | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(HAV, | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(HCV, | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(type | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here, | 69, 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.III), | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Using | 119, 366 |
| abstract_inverted_index.class | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 191, 398 |
| abstract_inverted_index.entry | 93, 332 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field | 381 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.major | 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 50, 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reach | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 387 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.types | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 65, 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viral | 42, 151, 162, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virus | 18, 123, 164, 198, 210, 237, 384 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CPER) | 25, 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(class | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Taking | 241, 386 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bovine | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bypass | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clones | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expand | 343 |
| abstract_inverted_index.helped | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 26, 79, 306, 317, 346 |
| abstract_inverted_index.offers | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.played | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 382 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Indeed, | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Reverse | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adapted | 391 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advance | 400 |
| abstract_inverted_index.allowed | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applied | 29, 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.because | 361 |
| abstract_inverted_index.central | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cloning | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.greater | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improve | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.instead | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.leading | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels, | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method, | 369 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method. | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reverse | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems | 3, 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.version | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viruses | 12, 87, 103, 184, 221, 270, 283, 326, 360, 375, 378 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 383 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(classes | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ABSTRACT | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Finally, | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 55, 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advances | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.allowing | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assembly | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cassette | 341 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circular | 21, 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control. | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diarrhea | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.employed | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examined | 322 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 243, 388 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genetics | 2, 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.internal | 91, 330 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods. | 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modified | 74, 189, 368 |
| abstract_inverted_index.numerous | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimize | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overcame | 354 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overcome | 173, 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pandemic | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parental | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promoter | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protocol | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reaction | 24, 304 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reporter | 220, 236, 374 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ribosome | 331 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectrum | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studying | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitable | 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viruses, | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viruses. | 54, 68, 232, 314, 351 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MDBK/293T | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.addition, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attempted | 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.establish | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exhibited | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extension | 23, 303 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generated | 181, 215, 373 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hepatitis | 121, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inclusion | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mammalian | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.molecular | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obstacles | 310 |
| abstract_inverted_index.producing | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research. | 19, 266, 402 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ribosomal | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.together, | 244, 389 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virologic | 401 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virology. | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wild-type | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Especially | 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IMPORTANCE | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beneficial | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bottleneck | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparable | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developing | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difficulty | 356 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engineered | 337 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generating | 159, 312, 358 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generation | 51, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.innovative | 395 |
| abstract_inverted_index.isolation. | 385 |
| abstract_inverted_index.polymerase | 22, 138, 147, 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specimens. | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.successful | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technology | 396 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antivirals. | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.co-cultures | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficiency. | 176, 365 |
| abstract_inverted_index.established | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methodology | 392 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production. | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recombinant | 11, 53, 160, 183, 216, 234, 282, 313, 359, 377 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replication | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.researchers | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.terminator, | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versatility | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 352 |
| abstract_inverted_index.successfully | 82, 180, 372 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transfection | 168, 175, 364 |
| abstract_inverted_index.translation. | 96, 334 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(re-)emerging | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cap-dependent | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.establishment | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.site-mediated | 333 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methodological | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IRES)-mediated | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.countermeasures | 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positive-strand | 32, 85, 324, 349 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cap-independent, | 90, 329 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterization | 275 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proof-of-concept, | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.encephalomyocarditis | 209 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 11 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7900000214576721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.88797314 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |