A Standardized Nomenclature for the Rods and Cones of the Vertebrate Retina Article Swipe
YOU?
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· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0357.v1
We propose a standardized naming system for vertebrate visual photoreceptors (i.e., rods and cones) that reflects our current understanding of their evolutionary history. Vertebrate photoreceptors have been studied for well over a century, but a fixed nomenclature for referring to orthologous cell types across diverse species has been lacking. Instead, photoreceptors have been variably - and often confusingly - named according to morphology, presence/absence of ‘rhodopsin,’ spectral sensitivity, chromophore usage, and/or the gene family of the opsin(s) they express. Here, we propose a unified nomenclature for vertebrate rods and cones that aligns with the naming systems of other retinal cell classes and that is based on the photoreceptor’s putative ancestral derivation. This classification is informed by the functional, anatomical, developmental and molecular identities of the neuron as a whole, including the expression of deeply conserved transcription factors required for development. The proposed names will be applicable across all vertebrates and indicative of the widest-possible range of properties, including their postsynaptic wiring, and hence will allude to their common and species-specific roles in vision. Furthermore, the naming system is open-ended to accommodate the future discovery of as-yet unknown photoreceptor types.
Related Topics
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0357.v1
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 1
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4407171334
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4407171334Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0357.v1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
A Standardized Nomenclature for the Rods and Cones of the Vertebrate RetinaWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-02-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Tom Baden, Juan M Angueyra, Jenny M. Bosten, Shaun P. Collin, Bevil R. Conway, Fabio Cortesi, Karin Dedek, Thomas Euler, Iñigo Novales Flamarique, Anna Franklin, Silke Haverkamp, Almut Kelber, Stephan C. F. Neuhauss, Wei Li, Robert J. Lucas, Daniel Osorio, Karthik Shekhar, Dario Tommasini, Takeshi Yoshimatsu, Joseph C. CorboList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0357.v1Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0357.v1Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Nomenclature, Vertebrate, Retina, Anatomy, Biology, Computer science, Neuroscience, Zoology, Taxonomy (biology), Genetics, GeneTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.(i.e., | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 43, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aligns | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.allude | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and/or | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as-yet | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cones) | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deeply | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.family | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.future | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.naming | 4, 94, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neuron | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 5, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.types. | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.usage, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.visual | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whole, | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classes | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.current | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diverse | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.propose | 1, 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retinal | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.species | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studied | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unified | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unknown | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vision. | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wiring, | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Instead, | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.century, | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.express. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.history. | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.informed | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lacking. | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opsin(s) | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposed | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.putative | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reflects | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectral | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variably | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ancestral | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conserved | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discovery | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 129, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.molecular | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.referring | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Vertebrate | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applicable | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expression | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identities | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicative | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.open-ended | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vertebrate | 7, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accommodate | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anatomical, | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chromophore | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confusingly | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derivation. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functional, | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.morphology, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.orthologous | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.properties, | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vertebrates | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development. | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evolutionary | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nomenclature | 36, 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.postsynaptic | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitivity, | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standardized | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developmental | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photoreceptor | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transcription | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classification | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photoreceptors | 9, 24, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.widest-possible | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presence/absence | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.species-specific | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.‘rhodopsin,’ | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photoreceptor’s | 107 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 95 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 91 |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 20 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.75816188 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |