A Systematic Approach and Practical Guide to Using Bolus Thermodilution for Invasive Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Assessment Article Swipe
Jason Galo
,
Abhishek Chaturvedi
,
Beni Verma
,
Kalyan R. Chitturi
,
Dan Haberman
,
Waiel Abusnina
,
Itsik Ben‐Dor
,
Ron Waksman
,
Brian C. Case
,
Hayder Hashim
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.31507
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.31507
Angina pectoris with non‐obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) is a prevalent condition, particularly affecting women, and is often associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). CMD, the primary cause of ANOCA, is associated with a diminished quality of life and adverse clinical outcomes. Invasive coronary function testing (CFT) now provides a precise diagnosis of CMD through indices such as coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), assessed using the bolus thermodilution technique. This comprehensive review outlines a systematic approach to evaluating CMD, emphasizing practical steps and troubleshooting strategies to ensure accurate measurements of CFR and IMR. CMD phenotypes, including structural, functional, and compensated CMD, are discussed, along with their distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Common challenges encountered during CMD testing, such as improper guide or wire positioning, waveform artifacts, and injection errors, are addressed with practical solutions. While continuous thermodilution offers enhanced accuracy, bolus thermodilution remains cost‐effective and widely utilized. Proficiency in the intricacies of CMD testing is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management, ultimately enhancing clinical outcomes for this underrecognized patient population.
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Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.31507
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ccd.31507
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 19
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4409033194
All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4409033194Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.31507Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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A Systematic Approach and Practical Guide to Using Bolus Thermodilution for Invasive Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction AssessmentWork title
- Type
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reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-03-30Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Jason Galo, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Beni Verma, Kalyan R. Chitturi, Dan Haberman, Waiel Abusnina, Itsik Ben‐Dor, Ron Waksman, Brian C. Case, Hayder HashimList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.31507Publisher landing page
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ccd.31507Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ccd.31507Direct OA link when available
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Medicine, Coronary flow reserve, Fractional flow reserve, Intensive care medicine, Angina, Cardiology, Appropriate Use Criteria, Internal medicine, Coronary artery disease, Coronary angiography, Myocardial infarctionTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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