Abstract representations underlie rhythm perception and production: Evidence from a probabilistic model of temporal structure Article Swipe

PDF

Fleur L. Bouwer , Atser Damsma , Marcus T. Pearce , Mohsen Ghorashi Sarvestani , Thomas Kaplan ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1

Rhythm, such as in music, contains structure in the form of rhythmic patterns: the more or less predictable successions of longer and shorter intervals (i.e., the “morse code” of the rhythm). Listeners can use rhythmic patterns to predict the timing of sounds and guide their perception and action. It is still unclear how rhythmic patterns are represented in the human mind. Here, we used a probabilistic model of auditory expectations to simulate the perception and production of rhythmic patterns. We modelled expectations in rhythmic sequences at three different levels of abstraction: as the predictability of absolute inter-onset intervals (IOI), ratios between successive intervals (ratio), and the direction of change of successive intervals (contour). Subsequently, we selected rhythms that varied maximally in their modeled predictability across the three levels of abstraction for three behavioral tasks: a target detection task in which the rhythm was not task-relevant (implicit task), a complexity rating task (explicit task), and a tapping task (motor task). We found that both ratio and contour affected behavioral responses across all tasks, with the largest effects in the explicit rating task. IOI only affected responses for the explicit and motor tasks, where the rhythm was task-relevant, and to a greater extent when an imprecise, categorical representation of IOI was assumed. These findings suggest that humans rely mostly on imprecise representations of rhythmic patterns, but may flexibly adapt their representation based on task demands.

Related Topics

Rhythm

Perception

Production (Economics)

Neuroscience

Computer Science

Artificial Intelligence

Concepts

Rhythm Perception Production (economics) Probabilistic logic Cognitive psychology Psychology Cognitive science Neuroscience Computer science Artificial intelligence Medicine Economics Internal medicine Macroeconomics

Metadata

Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
PDF: https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download
OA Status: gold
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4409339956

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4409339956

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Abstract representations underlie rhythm perception and production: Evidence from a probabilistic model of temporal structure

Work title
Type: preprint

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2025

Year of publication
Publication date: 2025-04-10

Full publication date if available
Authors: Fleur L. Bouwer, Atser Damsma, Marcus T. Pearce, Mohsen Ghorashi Sarvestani, Thomas Kaplan

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Rhythm, Perception, Production (economics), Probabilistic logic, Cognitive psychology, Psychology, Cognitive science, Neuroscience, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Medicine, Economics, Internal medicine, Macroeconomics

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4409339956
doi	https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4409339956
fwci	0.0
type	preprint
title	Abstract representations underlie rhythm perception and production: Evidence from a probabilistic model of temporal structure
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10788
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/28
topics[0].field.display_name	Neuroscience
topics[0].score	0.9503999948501587
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/1
topics[0].domain.display_name	Life Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2805
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Cognitive Neuroscience
topics[0].display_name	Neuroscience and Music Perception
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T12032
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/32
topics[1].field.display_name	Psychology
topics[1].score	0.9348999857902527
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/2
topics[1].domain.display_name	Social Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3205
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
topics[1].display_name	Multisensory perception and integration
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C135343436
concepts[0].level	2
concepts[0].score	0.7922489643096924
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406
concepts[0].display_name	Rhythm
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C26760741
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.6147712469100952
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402
concepts[1].display_name	Perception
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C2778348673
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.5834905505180359
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302
concepts[2].display_name	Production (economics)
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C49937458
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.5450246334075928
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292
concepts[3].display_name	Probabilistic logic
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C180747234
concepts[4].level	1
concepts[4].score	0.46084094047546387
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373
concepts[4].display_name	Cognitive psychology
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C15744967
concepts[5].level	0
concepts[5].score	0.40683114528656006
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418
concepts[5].display_name	Psychology
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C188147891
concepts[6].level	1
concepts[6].score	0.3772850036621094
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638
concepts[6].display_name	Cognitive science
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C169760540
concepts[7].level	1
concepts[7].score	0.338643342256546
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011
concepts[7].display_name	Neuroscience
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C41008148
concepts[8].level	0
concepts[8].score	0.31574875116348267
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198
concepts[8].display_name	Computer science
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C154945302
concepts[9].level	1
concepts[9].score	0.17180761694908142
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660
concepts[9].display_name	Artificial intelligence
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[10].level	0
concepts[10].score	0.1583346724510193
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[10].display_name	Medicine
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C162324750
concepts[11].level	0
concepts[11].score	0.15619009733200073
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134
concepts[11].display_name	Economics
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C126322002
concepts[12].level	1
concepts[12].score	0.07011312246322632
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180
concepts[12].display_name	Internal medicine
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C139719470
concepts[13].level	1
concepts[13].score	0.05718564987182617
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680
concepts[13].display_name	Macroeconomics
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/rhythm
keywords[0].score	0.7922489643096924
keywords[0].display_name	Rhythm
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/perception
keywords[1].score	0.6147712469100952
keywords[1].display_name	Perception
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/production
keywords[2].score	0.5834905505180359
keywords[2].display_name	Production (economics)
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic
keywords[3].score	0.5450246334075928
keywords[3].display_name	Probabilistic logic
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology
keywords[4].score	0.46084094047546387
keywords[4].display_name	Cognitive psychology
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology
keywords[5].score	0.40683114528656006
keywords[5].display_name	Psychology
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science
keywords[6].score	0.3772850036621094
keywords[6].display_name	Cognitive science
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience
keywords[7].score	0.338643342256546
keywords[7].display_name	Neuroscience
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science
keywords[8].score	0.31574875116348267
keywords[8].display_name	Computer science
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence
keywords[9].score	0.17180761694908142
keywords[9].display_name	Artificial intelligence
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[10].score	0.1583346724510193
keywords[10].display_name	Medicine
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/economics
keywords[11].score	0.15619009733200073
keywords[11].display_name	Economics
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine
keywords[12].score	0.07011312246322632
keywords[12].display_name	Internal medicine
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomics
keywords[13].score	0.05718564987182617
keywords[13].display_name	Macroeconomics
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download
locations[0].version	acceptedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	posted-content
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
indexed_in	crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5020585250
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-7481
authorships[0].author.display_name	Fleur L. Bouwer
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Fleur L. Bouwer
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5069299731
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6240-4145
authorships[1].author.display_name	Atser Damsma
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Atser Damsma
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5046843039
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-431X
authorships[2].author.display_name	Marcus T. Pearce
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Marcus Thomas Pearce
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5117103520
authorships[3].author.orcid
authorships[3].author.display_name	Mohsen Ghorashi Sarvestani
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Mohsen Ghorashi Sarvestani
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5013216121
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-5594
authorships[4].author.display_name	Thomas Kaplan
authorships[4].author_position	last
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Thomas Kaplan
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Abstract representations underlie rhythm perception and production: Evidence from a probabilistic model of temporal structure
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10788
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/28
primary_topic.field.display_name	Neuroscience
primary_topic.score	0.9503999948501587
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/1
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Life Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2805
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Cognitive Neuroscience
primary_topic.display_name	Neuroscience and Music Perception
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2072492413, https://openalex.org/W2997159972, https://openalex.org/W4296378967, https://openalex.org/W2064134577, https://openalex.org/W2373995729, https://openalex.org/W2157038729, https://openalex.org/W2393707162, https://openalex.org/W2027715794, https://openalex.org/W3203096336, https://openalex.org/W2043981220
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download
best_oa_location.version	acceptedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	posted-content
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
primary_location.id	doi:10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://osf.io/ey5sb_v1/download
primary_location.version	acceptedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	posted-content
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ey5sb_v1
publication_date	2025-04-10
publication_year	2025
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.a	64, 134, 147, 154, 198
abstract_inverted_index.It	48
abstract_inverted_index.We	79, 159
abstract_inverted_index.an	202
abstract_inverted_index.as	2, 91
abstract_inverted_index.at	85
abstract_inverted_index.in	3, 7, 57, 82, 120, 138, 176
abstract_inverted_index.is	49
abstract_inverted_index.of	10, 19, 28, 40, 67, 76, 89, 94, 107, 109, 128, 206, 220
abstract_inverted_index.on	217, 230
abstract_inverted_index.or	15
abstract_inverted_index.to	36, 70, 197
abstract_inverted_index.we	62, 114
abstract_inverted_index.IOI	181, 207
abstract_inverted_index.all	170
abstract_inverted_index.and	21, 42, 46, 74, 104, 153, 164, 188, 196
abstract_inverted_index.are	55
abstract_inverted_index.but	223
abstract_inverted_index.can	32
abstract_inverted_index.for	130, 185
abstract_inverted_index.how	52
abstract_inverted_index.may	224
abstract_inverted_index.not	143
abstract_inverted_index.the	8, 13, 25, 29, 38, 58, 72, 92, 105, 125, 140, 173, 177, 186, 192
abstract_inverted_index.use	33
abstract_inverted_index.was	142, 194, 208
abstract_inverted_index.both	162
abstract_inverted_index.form	9
abstract_inverted_index.less	16
abstract_inverted_index.more	14
abstract_inverted_index.only	182
abstract_inverted_index.rely	215
abstract_inverted_index.such	1
abstract_inverted_index.task	137, 150, 156, 231
abstract_inverted_index.that	117, 161, 213
abstract_inverted_index.used	63
abstract_inverted_index.when	201
abstract_inverted_index.with	172
abstract_inverted_index.Here,	61
abstract_inverted_index.These	210
abstract_inverted_index.adapt	226
abstract_inverted_index.based	229
abstract_inverted_index.found	160
abstract_inverted_index.guide	43
abstract_inverted_index.human	59
abstract_inverted_index.mind.	60
abstract_inverted_index.model	66
abstract_inverted_index.motor	189
abstract_inverted_index.ratio	163
abstract_inverted_index.still	50
abstract_inverted_index.task.	180
abstract_inverted_index.their	44, 121, 227
abstract_inverted_index.three	86, 126, 131
abstract_inverted_index.where	191
abstract_inverted_index.which	139
abstract_inverted_index.(IOI),	98
abstract_inverted_index.(i.e.,	24
abstract_inverted_index.(motor	157
abstract_inverted_index.across	124, 169
abstract_inverted_index.change	108
abstract_inverted_index.extent	200
abstract_inverted_index.humans	214
abstract_inverted_index.levels	88, 127
abstract_inverted_index.longer	20
abstract_inverted_index.mostly	216
abstract_inverted_index.music,	4
abstract_inverted_index.rating	149, 179
abstract_inverted_index.ratios	99
abstract_inverted_index.rhythm	141, 193
abstract_inverted_index.sounds	41
abstract_inverted_index.target	135
abstract_inverted_index.task),	146, 152
abstract_inverted_index.task).	158
abstract_inverted_index.tasks,	171, 190
abstract_inverted_index.tasks:	133
abstract_inverted_index.timing	39
abstract_inverted_index.varied	118
abstract_inverted_index.Rhythm,	0
abstract_inverted_index.action.	47
abstract_inverted_index.between	100
abstract_inverted_index.code”	27
abstract_inverted_index.contour	165
abstract_inverted_index.effects	175
abstract_inverted_index.greater	199
abstract_inverted_index.largest	174
abstract_inverted_index.modeled	122
abstract_inverted_index.predict	37
abstract_inverted_index.rhythms	116
abstract_inverted_index.shorter	22
abstract_inverted_index.suggest	212
abstract_inverted_index.tapping	155
abstract_inverted_index.unclear	51
abstract_inverted_index.(ratio),	103
abstract_inverted_index.absolute	95
abstract_inverted_index.affected	166, 183
abstract_inverted_index.assumed.	209
abstract_inverted_index.auditory	68
abstract_inverted_index.contains	5
abstract_inverted_index.demands.	232
abstract_inverted_index.explicit	178, 187
abstract_inverted_index.findings	211
abstract_inverted_index.flexibly	225
abstract_inverted_index.modelled	80
abstract_inverted_index.patterns	35, 54
abstract_inverted_index.rhythm).	30
abstract_inverted_index.rhythmic	11, 34, 53, 77, 83, 221
abstract_inverted_index.selected	115
abstract_inverted_index.simulate	71
abstract_inverted_index.“morse	26
abstract_inverted_index.(explicit	151
abstract_inverted_index.(implicit	145
abstract_inverted_index.Listeners	31
abstract_inverted_index.detection	136
abstract_inverted_index.different	87
abstract_inverted_index.direction	106
abstract_inverted_index.imprecise	218
abstract_inverted_index.intervals	23, 97, 102, 111
abstract_inverted_index.maximally	119
abstract_inverted_index.patterns,	222
abstract_inverted_index.patterns.	78
abstract_inverted_index.patterns:	12
abstract_inverted_index.responses	168, 184
abstract_inverted_index.sequences	84
abstract_inverted_index.structure	6
abstract_inverted_index.(contour).	112
abstract_inverted_index.behavioral	132, 167
abstract_inverted_index.complexity	148
abstract_inverted_index.imprecise,	203
abstract_inverted_index.perception	45, 73
abstract_inverted_index.production	75
abstract_inverted_index.successive	101, 110
abstract_inverted_index.abstraction	129
abstract_inverted_index.categorical	204
abstract_inverted_index.inter-onset	96
abstract_inverted_index.predictable	17
abstract_inverted_index.represented	56
abstract_inverted_index.successions	18
abstract_inverted_index.abstraction:	90
abstract_inverted_index.expectations	69, 81
abstract_inverted_index.Subsequently,	113
abstract_inverted_index.probabilistic	65
abstract_inverted_index.task-relevant	144
abstract_inverted_index.predictability	93, 123
abstract_inverted_index.representation	205, 228
abstract_inverted_index.task-relevant,	195
abstract_inverted_index.representations	219
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	5
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.12661124
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False