Additive manufacturing for COVID-19: Devices, materials, prospects, and challenges Article Swipe

PDF

Rigoberto C. Advíncula , John Ryan C. Dizon , Qiyi Chen , Ivy Niu , Jason Chung , Lucas Kilpatrick , Reagan Newman ·

YOU? · · 2020 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57

The current COVID-19 pandemic has caused the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) where improvised manufacturing in particular 3D printing has addressed many needs. This prospective discusses the current global crisis, then follows the wide interest in addressing the shortage of medical devices and PPEs used for treatment and protection against pathogens. An overview of the 3D printing process with polymer materials is given followed by the different 3D printing projects of PPEs and medical devices that emerged for the pandemic (including validation/testing). The potential for rapid prototyping with different polymer materials and eventual high-throughput production is emphasized.

Related Topics

Personal Protective Equipment

Process (Computing)

Manufacturing Engineering

Infectious Diseases (Medical Specialty)

Philosophy

Concepts

Economic shortage Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 3D printing Pandemic Materials science 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Personal protective equipment Process (computing) Manufacturing process Throughput Manufacturing engineering Nanotechnology Computer science Engineering Composite material Medicine Telecommunications Virology Operating system Pathology Wireless Outbreak Disease Linguistics Government (linguistics) Infectious disease (medical specialty) Philosophy

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
PDF: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf
OA Status: hybrid
Cited By: 93
References: 44
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3042775562

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3042775562

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Additive manufacturing for COVID-19: Devices, materials, prospects, and challenges

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2020

Year of publication
Publication date: 2020-07-14

Full publication date if available
Authors: Rigoberto C. Advíncula, John Ryan C. Dizon, Qiyi Chen, Ivy Niu, Jason Chung, Lucas Kilpatrick, Reagan Newman

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: hybrid

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Economic shortage, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 3D printing, Pandemic, Materials science, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Personal protective equipment, Process (computing), Manufacturing process, Throughput, Manufacturing engineering, Nanotechnology, Computer science, Engineering, Composite material, Medicine, Telecommunications, Virology, Operating system, Pathology, Wireless, Outbreak, Disease, Linguistics, Government (linguistics), Infectious disease (medical specialty), Philosophy

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 93

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 5, 2024: 10, 2023: 16, 2022: 33, 2021: 25

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 44

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W3042775562
doi	https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
ids.mag	3042775562
ids.pmid	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33384881
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W3042775562
fwci	8.33512212
type	article
title	Additive manufacturing for COVID-19: Devices, materials, prospects, and challenges
biblio.issue	3
biblio.volume	10
biblio.last_page	427
biblio.first_page	413
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10783
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[0].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[0].score	0.9944999814033508
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2203
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Automotive Engineering
topics[0].display_name	Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T11190
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[1].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[1].score	0.9850000143051147
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[1].display_name	3D Printing in Biomedical Research
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11023
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[2].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[2].score	0.9434000253677368
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[2].display_name	Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C194051981
concepts[0].level	3
concepts[0].score	0.8083872199058533
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691
concepts[0].display_name	Economic shortage
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C3008058167
concepts[1].level	4
concepts[1].score	0.8070931434631348
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196
concepts[1].display_name	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C524769229
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.676559329032898
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367
concepts[2].display_name	3D printing
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C89623803
concepts[3].level	5
concepts[3].score	0.5755013227462769
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184
concepts[3].display_name	Pandemic
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C192562407
concepts[4].level	0
concepts[4].score	0.5480192303657532
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736
concepts[4].display_name	Materials science
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C3006700255
concepts[5].level	3
concepts[5].score	0.5333991050720215
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910
concepts[5].display_name	2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C3007834351
concepts[6].level	5
concepts[6].score	0.5164127945899963
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695
concepts[6].display_name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C2780668467
concepts[7].level	5
concepts[7].score	0.48923206329345703
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333024
concepts[7].display_name	Personal protective equipment
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C98045186
concepts[8].level	2
concepts[8].score	0.46461737155914307
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663
concepts[8].display_name	Process (computing)
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C2987875673
concepts[9].level	2
concepts[9].score	0.43065258860588074
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939
concepts[9].display_name	Manufacturing process
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C157764524
concepts[10].level	3
concepts[10].score	0.4135562777519226
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412
concepts[10].display_name	Throughput
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C117671659
concepts[11].level	1
concepts[11].score	0.3968490660190582
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265
concepts[11].display_name	Manufacturing engineering
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C171250308
concepts[12].level	1
concepts[12].score	0.38325440883636475
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468
concepts[12].display_name	Nanotechnology
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C41008148
concepts[13].level	0
concepts[13].score	0.23812103271484375
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198
concepts[13].display_name	Computer science
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C127413603
concepts[14].level	0
concepts[14].score	0.13830915093421936
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023
concepts[14].display_name	Engineering
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C159985019
concepts[15].level	1
concepts[15].score	0.09497907757759094
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790
concepts[15].display_name	Composite material
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[16].level	0
concepts[16].score	0.08626672625541687
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[16].display_name	Medicine
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C76155785
concepts[17].level	1
concepts[17].score	0.07232961058616638
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418
concepts[17].display_name	Telecommunications
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C159047783
concepts[18].level	1
concepts[18].score	0.06399863958358765
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215
concepts[18].display_name	Virology
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C111919701
concepts[19].level	1
concepts[19].score	0.0
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135
concepts[19].display_name	Operating system
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C142724271
concepts[20].level	1
concepts[20].score	0.0
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208
concepts[20].display_name	Pathology
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C555944384
concepts[21].level	2
concepts[21].score	0.0
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249
concepts[21].display_name	Wireless
concepts[22].id	https://openalex.org/C116675565
concepts[22].level	2
concepts[22].score	0.0
concepts[22].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045
concepts[22].display_name	Outbreak
concepts[23].id	https://openalex.org/C2779134260
concepts[23].level	2
concepts[23].score	0.0
concepts[23].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136
concepts[23].display_name	Disease
concepts[24].id	https://openalex.org/C41895202
concepts[24].level	1
concepts[24].score	0.0
concepts[24].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162
concepts[24].display_name	Linguistics
concepts[25].id	https://openalex.org/C2778137410
concepts[25].level	2
concepts[25].score	0.0
concepts[25].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820
concepts[25].display_name	Government (linguistics)
concepts[26].id	https://openalex.org/C524204448
concepts[26].level	3
concepts[26].score	0.0
concepts[26].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926
concepts[26].display_name	Infectious disease (medical specialty)
concepts[27].id	https://openalex.org/C138885662
concepts[27].level	0
concepts[27].score	0.0
concepts[27].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891
concepts[27].display_name	Philosophy
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-shortage
keywords[0].score	0.8083872199058533
keywords[0].display_name	Economic shortage
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019
keywords[1].score	0.8070931434631348
keywords[1].display_name	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing
keywords[2].score	0.676559329032898
keywords[2].display_name	3D printing
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic
keywords[3].score	0.5755013227462769
keywords[3].display_name	Pandemic
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science
keywords[4].score	0.5480192303657532
keywords[4].display_name	Materials science
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak
keywords[5].score	0.5333991050720215
keywords[5].display_name	2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2
keywords[6].score	0.5164127945899963
keywords[6].display_name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-protective-equipment
keywords[7].score	0.48923206329345703
keywords[7].display_name	Personal protective equipment
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/process
keywords[8].score	0.46461737155914307
keywords[8].display_name	Process (computing)
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-process
keywords[9].score	0.43065258860588074
keywords[9].display_name	Manufacturing process
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput
keywords[10].score	0.4135562777519226
keywords[10].display_name	Throughput
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering
keywords[11].score	0.3968490660190582
keywords[11].display_name	Manufacturing engineering
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology
keywords[12].score	0.38325440883636475
keywords[12].display_name	Nanotechnology
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science
keywords[13].score	0.23812103271484375
keywords[13].display_name	Computer science
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering
keywords[14].score	0.13830915093421936
keywords[14].display_name	Engineering
keywords[15].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material
keywords[15].score	0.09497907757759094
keywords[15].display_name	Composite material
keywords[16].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[16].score	0.08626672625541687
keywords[16].display_name	Medicine
keywords[17].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications
keywords[17].score	0.07232961058616638
keywords[17].display_name	Telecommunications
keywords[18].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/virology
keywords[18].score	0.06399863958358765
keywords[18].display_name	Virology
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1557/mrc.2020.57
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2486144580
locations[0].source.issn	2159-6859, 2159-6867
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	False
locations[0].source.issn_l	2159-6859
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	MRS Communications
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Springer Nature
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
locations[0].license	other-oa
locations[0].pdf_url	https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	MRS Communications
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
locations[1].id	pmid:33384881
locations[1].is_oa	False
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306525036
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	False
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	PubMed
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version	publishedVersion
locations[1].raw_type
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	True
locations[1].is_published	True
locations[1].raw_source_name	MRS communications
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33384881
locations[2].id	pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7417988
locations[2].is_oa	True
locations[2].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2764455111
locations[2].source.issn
locations[2].source.type	repository
locations[2].source.is_oa	False
locations[2].source.issn_l
locations[2].source.is_core	False
locations[2].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[2].source.display_name	PubMed Central
locations[2].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[2].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[2].license
locations[2].pdf_url
locations[2].version	submittedVersion
locations[2].raw_type	Text
locations[2].license_id
locations[2].is_accepted	False
locations[2].is_published	False
locations[2].raw_source_name	MRS Commun
locations[2].landing_page_url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7417988
locations[3].id	pmh:oai:osti.gov:1811385
locations[3].is_oa	True
locations[3].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402487
locations[3].source.issn
locations[3].source.type	repository
locations[3].source.is_oa	False
locations[3].source.issn_l
locations[3].source.is_core	False
locations[3].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[3].source.display_name	OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)
locations[3].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[3].source.host_organization_name	Office of Scientific and Technical Information
locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[3].license
locations[3].pdf_url
locations[3].version	submittedVersion
locations[3].raw_type
locations[3].license_id
locations[3].is_accepted	False
locations[3].is_published	False
locations[3].raw_source_name
locations[3].landing_page_url	https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1811385
indexed_in	crossref, pubmed
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5080161180
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2899-4778
authorships[0].author.display_name	Rigoberto C. Advíncula
authorships[0].countries	US
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210159558
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05277x335
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1289243028, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I4210159294, https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	Joint Institute for Computational Sciences
authorships[0].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[0].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/020f3ap87
authorships[0].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name	University of Tennessee at Knoxville
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Rigoberto C. Advincula
authorships[0].is_corresponding	True
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5039433834
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5076-2391
authorships[1].author.display_name	John Ryan C. Dizon
authorships[1].countries	PH
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I3131212008
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Additive Manufacturing Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Bataan Peninsula State University, City of Balanga, Bataan, 2100, Philippines
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I3131212008
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/018gzjd49
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I3131212008
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	PH
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Bataan Peninsula State University
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	John Ryan C. Dizon
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Additive Manufacturing Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Bataan Peninsula State University, City of Balanga, Bataan, 2100, Philippines
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5063018409
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8822-3839
authorships[2].author.display_name	Qiyi Chen
authorships[2].countries	US
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1289243028
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1289243028
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01qz5mb56
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1289243028, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I4210159294
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	Oak Ridge National Laboratory
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Qiyi Chen
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5031581320
authorships[3].author.orcid
authorships[3].author.display_name	Ivy Niu
authorships[3].countries	US
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210159558
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05277x335
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1289243028, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I4210159294, https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	Joint Institute for Computational Sciences
authorships[3].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[3].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/020f3ap87
authorships[3].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name	University of Tennessee at Knoxville
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Ivy Niu
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5058285215
authorships[4].author.orcid
authorships[4].author.display_name	Jason Chung
authorships[4].countries	US
authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[4].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210159558
authorships[4].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05277x335
authorships[4].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1289243028, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I4210159294, https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name	Joint Institute for Computational Sciences
authorships[4].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[4].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/020f3ap87
authorships[4].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name	University of Tennessee at Knoxville
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Jason Chung
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5078696866
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-7026
authorships[5].author.display_name	Lucas Kilpatrick
authorships[5].countries	US
authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[5].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210159558
authorships[5].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05277x335
authorships[5].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1289243028, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I4210159294, https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name	Joint Institute for Computational Sciences
authorships[5].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[5].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/020f3ap87
authorships[5].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name	University of Tennessee at Knoxville
authorships[5].author_position	middle
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Lucas Kilpatrick
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[6].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5016782504
authorships[6].author.orcid
authorships[6].author.display_name	Reagan Newman
authorships[6].countries	US
authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2802706902, https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
authorships[6].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2802706902
authorships[6].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/02bxrp522
authorships[6].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2802706902
authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name	Knoxville College
authorships[6].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[6].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/020f3ap87
authorships[6].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I75027704
authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name	University of Tennessee at Knoxville
authorships[6].author_position	last
authorships[6].raw_author_name	Reagan Newman
authorships[6].is_corresponding	False
authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf
open_access.oa_status	hybrid
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Additive manufacturing for COVID-19: Devices, materials, prospects, and challenges
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10783
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
primary_topic.field.display_name	Engineering
primary_topic.score	0.9944999814033508
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2203
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Automotive Engineering
primary_topic.display_name	Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
related_works	https://openalex.org/W4322766116, https://openalex.org/W4312220814, https://openalex.org/W1758619195, https://openalex.org/W3207551352, https://openalex.org/W3025890680, https://openalex.org/W3025668817, https://openalex.org/W3100684550, https://openalex.org/W3080092231, https://openalex.org/W4205937205, https://openalex.org/W2793287757
cited_by_count	93
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	5
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	10
counts_by_year[2].year	2023
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	16
counts_by_year[3].year	2022
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	33
counts_by_year[4].year	2021
counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count	25
counts_by_year[5].year	2020
counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count	4
locations_count	4
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1557/mrc.2020.57
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S2486144580
best_oa_location.source.issn	2159-6859, 2159-6867
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	False
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	2159-6859
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	MRS Communications
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Springer Nature
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
best_oa_location.license	other-oa
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	MRS Communications
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
primary_location.id	doi:10.1557/mrc.2020.57
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S2486144580
primary_location.source.issn	2159-6859, 2159-6867
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	False
primary_location.source.issn_l	2159-6859
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	MRS Communications
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Springer Nature
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310319965
primary_location.license	other-oa
primary_location.pdf_url	https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.57.pdf
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	MRS Communications
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2020.57
publication_date	2020-07-14
publication_year	2020
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2051119427, https://openalex.org/W1568152060, https://openalex.org/W3013306614, https://openalex.org/W2249384460, https://openalex.org/W2282634950, https://openalex.org/W2567630212, https://openalex.org/W2063581699, https://openalex.org/W2341716204, https://openalex.org/W2974825919, https://openalex.org/W2981619679, https://openalex.org/W2915038957, https://openalex.org/W2891745932, https://openalex.org/W2618596241, https://openalex.org/W2912887469, https://openalex.org/W2563362125, https://openalex.org/W3013747613, https://openalex.org/W2760581635, https://openalex.org/W2797499186, https://openalex.org/W2924786328, https://openalex.org/W2051611961, https://openalex.org/W2042994049, https://openalex.org/W2027403951, https://openalex.org/W2018346126, https://openalex.org/W2097029099, https://openalex.org/W1963908464, https://openalex.org/W2760646057, https://openalex.org/W2032534870, https://openalex.org/W2986631527, https://openalex.org/W3046939156, https://openalex.org/W2913458096, https://openalex.org/W2346077861, https://openalex.org/W2771577010, https://openalex.org/W4300119692, https://openalex.org/W1573576839, https://openalex.org/W3029467025, https://openalex.org/W2933194541, https://openalex.org/W3014484593, https://openalex.org/W1820747488, https://openalex.org/W4247485850, https://openalex.org/W3141416250, https://openalex.org/W4243599935, https://openalex.org/W1520312618, https://openalex.org/W1592379386, https://openalex.org/W1987244586
referenced_works_count	44
abstract_inverted_index.3D	18, 56, 68
abstract_inverted_index.An	52
abstract_inverted_index.by	65
abstract_inverted_index.in	16, 36
abstract_inverted_index.is	62, 96
abstract_inverted_index.of	8, 40, 54, 71
abstract_inverted_index.The	0, 83
abstract_inverted_index.and	43, 48, 73, 92
abstract_inverted_index.for	46, 78, 85
abstract_inverted_index.has	4, 20
abstract_inverted_index.the	6, 27, 33, 38, 55, 66, 79
abstract_inverted_index.PPEs	44, 72
abstract_inverted_index.This	24
abstract_inverted_index.many	22
abstract_inverted_index.that	76
abstract_inverted_index.then	31
abstract_inverted_index.used	45
abstract_inverted_index.wide	34
abstract_inverted_index.with	59, 88
abstract_inverted_index.(PPE)	12
abstract_inverted_index.given	63
abstract_inverted_index.rapid	86
abstract_inverted_index.where	13
abstract_inverted_index.caused	5
abstract_inverted_index.global	29
abstract_inverted_index.needs.	23
abstract_inverted_index.against	50
abstract_inverted_index.crisis,	30
abstract_inverted_index.current	1, 28
abstract_inverted_index.devices	42, 75
abstract_inverted_index.emerged	77
abstract_inverted_index.follows	32
abstract_inverted_index.medical	41, 74
abstract_inverted_index.polymer	60, 90
abstract_inverted_index.process	58
abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19	2
abstract_inverted_index.eventual	93
abstract_inverted_index.followed	64
abstract_inverted_index.interest	35
abstract_inverted_index.overview	53
abstract_inverted_index.pandemic	3, 80
abstract_inverted_index.personal	9
abstract_inverted_index.printing	19, 57, 69
abstract_inverted_index.projects	70
abstract_inverted_index.shortage	7, 39
abstract_inverted_index.addressed	21
abstract_inverted_index.different	67, 89
abstract_inverted_index.discusses	26
abstract_inverted_index.equipment	11
abstract_inverted_index.materials	61, 91
abstract_inverted_index.potential	84
abstract_inverted_index.treatment	47
abstract_inverted_index.(including	81
abstract_inverted_index.addressing	37
abstract_inverted_index.improvised	14
abstract_inverted_index.particular	17
abstract_inverted_index.pathogens.	51
abstract_inverted_index.production	95
abstract_inverted_index.protection	49
abstract_inverted_index.protective	10
abstract_inverted_index.emphasized.	97
abstract_inverted_index.prospective	25
abstract_inverted_index.prototyping	87
abstract_inverted_index.manufacturing	15
abstract_inverted_index.high-throughput	94
abstract_inverted_index.validation/testing).	82
cited_by_percentile_year.max	100
cited_by_percentile_year.min	97
corresponding_author_ids	https://openalex.org/A5080161180
countries_distinct_count	2
institutions_distinct_count	7
corresponding_institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210159558, https://openalex.org/I75027704
sustainable_development_goals[0].id	https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
sustainable_development_goals[0].score	0.8100000023841858
sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name	Good health and well-being
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.98017172
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True