Assessing the impact of sewage and wastewater on antimicrobial resistance in nearshore Antarctic biofilms and sediments Article Swipe
Melody S. Clark
,
Benjamin H. Gregson
,
Carla Greco
,
Harisree P. Nair
,
Marlon Clark
,
Claire Evans
,
Kevin A. Hughes
,
Kudzai Hwengwere
,
Marcus H. Y. Leung
,
Lloyd S. Peck
,
Caray A. Walker
,
William Chow
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-z
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-z
Background Despite being recognised as a global problem, our understanding of human-mediated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) spread to remote regions of the world is limited. Antarctica, often referred to as “the last great wilderness”, is experiencing increasing levels of human visitation through tourism and expansion of national scientific operations. Therefore, it is critical to assess the impact that these itinerant visitors have on the natural environment. This includes monitoring human-mediated AMR, particularly around population concentrations such as visitor sites and Antarctic research stations. This study takes a sequencing discovery-led approach to investigate levels and extent of AMR around the Rothera Research Station (operated by the UK) on the Antarctic Peninsula. Results Amplicon sequencing of biofilms and sediments from the vicinity of Rothera Research Station revealed highly variable and diverse microbial communities. Analysis of AMR genes generated from long-reads Nanopore MinION sequencing showed similar site variability in both drug class and resistance mechanism. Thus, no site sampled was more or less diverse than the other, either in the biofilm or sediment samples. Levels of enteric bacteria in biofilm and sediment samples were low at all sites, even in biofilm samples taken from the station sewage treatment plant (STP). It would appear that incorporation of released enteric bacteria in wastewater into more established biofilms or associations with sediment was poor. This was likely due to the inactivation and vulnerability of these bacteria to the extreme environmental conditions in Antarctica. Conclusions Our results suggest minimal effect of a strong feeder source (i.e. sewage effluent) on biofilm and sediment microbial community composition, with each site developing its unique niche community. The factors producing these niche communities need elucidation, alongside studies evaluating Antarctic microbial physiologies. Our data from cultivated bacteria show that they are highly resilient to different environmental conditions and are likely to thrive in a warmer world. Our data show that AMR in the Antarctic marine environment is far more complex than previously thought. Thus, more work is required to understand the true extent of the Antarctic microbiota biodiversity, their associated resistomes and the impact that human activities have on the Antarctic environment.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-z
- https://environmentalmicrobiome.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-z
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 64
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4406632637
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4406632637Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-zDigital Object Identifier
- Title
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Assessing the impact of sewage and wastewater on antimicrobial resistance in nearshore Antarctic biofilms and sedimentsWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-01-20Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Melody S. Clark, Benjamin H. Gregson, Carla Greco, Harisree P. Nair, Marlon Clark, Claire Evans, Kevin A. Hughes, Kudzai Hwengwere, Marcus H. Y. Leung, Lloyd S. Peck, Caray A. Walker, William ChowList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-zPublisher landing page
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https://environmentalmicrobiome.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-zDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://environmentalmicrobiome.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40793-025-00671-zDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Sewage, Biofilm, Effluent, Wastewater, Population, Biology, Microcosm, Environmental science, Sediment, Ecology, Environmental engineering, Bacteria, Demography, Paleontology, Sociology, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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2Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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64Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.stations. | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Peninsula. | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Therefore, | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities | 344 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 337 |
| abstract_inverted_index.community. | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions | 234, 294 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cultivated | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developing | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluating | 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasing | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.long-reads | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mechanism. | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microbiota | 334 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monitoring | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previously | 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recognised | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resistance | 14, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resistomes | 338 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scientific | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sequencing | 87, 112, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understand | 327 |
| abstract_inverted_index.visitation | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wastewater | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Antarctica, | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Antarctica. | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.communities | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.environment | 313 |
| abstract_inverted_index.established | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operations. | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variability | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.communities. | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composition, | 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elucidation, | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.environment. | 65, 349 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiencing | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inactivation | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antimicrobial | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biodiversity, | 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discovery-led | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.environmental | 233, 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incorporation | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physiologies. | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vulnerability | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentrations | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human-mediated | 12, 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wilderness”, | 33 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5050593613 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 12 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1319328641, https://openalex.org/I141816643 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5899999737739563 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Clean water and sanitation |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.92243827 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |