AutoFocus: AI/ML-driven real-time wavefront diagnostics to autonomously align and optimize X-ray optics Article Swipe
Luca Rebuffi
,
Runyu Zhang
,
Xianbo Shi
,
Yu-Chung Lin
,
Jiyong Zhao
,
Min Hu
,
Thomas Toellner
,
Mathew J. Cherukara
,
Lahsen Assoufid
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448
We present an integrated system that combines advanced wavefront diagnostics with artificial intelligence (AI) to automate and optimize X-ray optics at synchrotron beamlines. This system couples real-time wavefront sensing with AI-driven control algorithms to achieve precise beam alignment, stabilization, and performance optimization. A key feature is the use of multi-fidelity transfer learning, which enables knowledge gained from both real-world beamline optimizations and ultra-realistic digital twin simulations to be effectively applied to in situ optimization. By leveraging multi-objective bayesian optimization, the system continuously refines its performance, reducing optimization time and minimizing the need for manual adjustments. Designed for seamless deployment, it operates with existing beamline hardware and provides an intuitive graphical interface. Initial deployments at the advanced photon source beamlines have demonstrated its ability to enhance beam stability, improve reproducibility, and significantly streamline alignment procedures. This AI-enhanced control framework represents a significant step toward fully autonomous beamline operation in next-generation synchrotron facilities.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 30
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412720311
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4412720311Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
AutoFocus: AI/ML-driven real-time wavefront diagnostics to autonomously align and optimize X-ray opticsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-07-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Luca Rebuffi, Runyu Zhang, Xianbo Shi, Yu-Chung Lin, Jiyong Zhao, Min Hu, Thomas Toellner, Mathew J. Cherukara, Lahsen AssoufidList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Optics, Autofocus, Wavefront, Deformable mirror, X-ray optics, Adaptive optics, Physics, Computer science, X-ray, Focus (optics)Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
30Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4412720311 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40984214 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4412720311 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | AutoFocus: AI/ML-driven real-time wavefront diagnostics to autonomously align and optimize X-ray optics |
| biblio.issue | 18 |
| biblio.volume | 33 |
| biblio.last_page | 37931 |
| biblio.first_page | 37931 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11183 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[0].score | 0.9886999726295471 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3108 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Radiation |
| topics[0].display_name | Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11986 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/18 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Decision Sciences |
| topics[1].score | 0.9322999715805054 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1802 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Information Systems and Management |
| topics[1].display_name | Scientific Computing and Data Management |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10271 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9085999727249146 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1908 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Geophysics |
| topics[2].display_name | Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2270 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2270 |
| apc_paid.value | 2270 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2270 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C120665830 |
| concepts[0].level | 1 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8259737491607666 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Optics |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C103764139 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7956686615943909 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210008 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Autofocus |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C165699331 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7358105182647705 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Wavefront |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C136872047 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5556429028511047 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251695 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Deformable mirror |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C35655370 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.48099076747894287 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359639 |
| concepts[4].display_name | X-ray optics |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C132771110 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4678778350353241 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506922 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Adaptive optics |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4341728687286377 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4173756241798401 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C2779328170 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.2861788272857666 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34777 |
| concepts[8].display_name | X-ray |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C192209626 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.1637958586215973 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Focus (optics) |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optics |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8259737491607666 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Optics |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/autofocus |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7956686615943909 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Autofocus |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/wavefront |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7358105182647705 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Wavefront |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/deformable-mirror |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5556429028511047 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Deformable mirror |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-optics |
| keywords[4].score | 0.48099076747894287 |
| keywords[4].display_name | X-ray optics |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-optics |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4678778350353241 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Adaptive optics |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4341728687286377 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4173756241798401 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray |
| keywords[8].score | 0.2861788272857666 |
| keywords[8].display_name | X-ray |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/focus |
| keywords[9].score | 0.1637958586215973 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Focus (optics) |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1364/oe.570448 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S178776955 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1094-4087 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1094-4087 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Optics Express |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Optica Publishing Group |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Optica Publishing Group |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Optics Express |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:40984214 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Optics express |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40984214 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5062664395 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-1948 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Luca Rebuffi |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Luca Rebuffi |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091462809 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-0420 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Runyu Zhang |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Runyu Zhang |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038170144 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-9981 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Xianbo Shi |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Xianbo Shi |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5108396376 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Yu-Chung Lin |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Yu-Chung Lin |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5077086308 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0777-3626 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Jiyong Zhao |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Jiyong Zhao |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5007849518 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2836-9084 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Min Hu |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Micheal Y. Hu |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5003499991 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Thomas Toellner |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Thomas Toellner |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5066462592 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1475-6998 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Mathew J. Cherukara |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Mathew J. Cherukara |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043868765 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1135-6945 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Lahsen Assoufid |
| authorships[8].countries | US |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gvnxz63 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1282105669, https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I40347166 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Argonne National Laboratory |
| authorships[8].author_position | last |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Lahsen Assoufid |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | AutoFocus: AI/ML-driven real-time wavefront diagnostics to autonomously align and optimize X-ray optics |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11183 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9886999726295471 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3108 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Radiation |
| primary_topic.display_name | Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2049040703, https://openalex.org/W2011287895, https://openalex.org/W2134289278, https://openalex.org/W1994127078, https://openalex.org/W3006686693, https://openalex.org/W2330658164, https://openalex.org/W2470712152, https://openalex.org/W1686858693, https://openalex.org/W2041540533, https://openalex.org/W2110616855 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1364/oe.570448 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S178776955 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1094-4087 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1094-4087 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Optics Express |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Optica Publishing Group |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Optica Publishing Group |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Optics Express |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1364/oe.570448 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S178776955 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1094-4087 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1094-4087 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Optics Express |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Optica Publishing Group |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315679 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Optica Publishing Group |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Optics Express |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.570448 |
| publication_date | 2025-07-29 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2137742462, https://openalex.org/W2098975441, https://openalex.org/W2152994177, https://openalex.org/W4387445839, https://openalex.org/W4390014542, https://openalex.org/W3179881509, https://openalex.org/W3080427163, https://openalex.org/W4214730865, https://openalex.org/W4403821371, https://openalex.org/W4401357902, https://openalex.org/W2201048008, https://openalex.org/W4409343382, https://openalex.org/W4375826976, https://openalex.org/W2136918060, https://openalex.org/W2604540094, https://openalex.org/W3080590135, https://openalex.org/W4411064506, https://openalex.org/W2599003163, https://openalex.org/W4403883737, https://openalex.org/W4382131040, https://openalex.org/W3190261076, https://openalex.org/W2766162919, https://openalex.org/W3040222341, https://openalex.org/W4409201969, https://openalex.org/W2964121744, https://openalex.org/W1798702550, https://openalex.org/W3200761280, https://openalex.org/W3080484313, https://openalex.org/W4287180800, https://openalex.org/W3112263403 |
| referenced_works_count | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.By | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 2, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 20, 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 71, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 14, 33, 66, 70, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 16, 39, 61, 88, 105, 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 92, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 83, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 46, 79, 90, 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AI) | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 23, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beam | 36, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.situ | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.step | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.twin | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 10, 29, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.X-ray | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gained | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manual | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optics | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photon | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.source | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 4, 24, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.toward | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Initial | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ability | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieve | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applied | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 31, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.couples | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.digital | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enables | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhance | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feature | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improve | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.precise | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refines | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensing | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Designed | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advanced | 7, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.automate | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bayesian | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beamline | 59, 103, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combines | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.existing | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hardware | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operates | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimize | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provides | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reducing | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seamless | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transfer | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AI-driven | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alignment | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beamlines | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.graphical | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intuitive | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning, | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operation | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-time | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wavefront | 8, 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithms | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alignment, | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.artificial | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autonomous | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beamlines. | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integrated | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interface. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.leveraging | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minimizing | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-world | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.represents | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stability, | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.streamline | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AI-enhanced | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deployment, | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deployments | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnostics | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectively | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilities. | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procedures. | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulations | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchrotron | 21, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjustments. | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.continuously | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intelligence | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance, | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization, | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization. | 41, 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimizations | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-fidelity | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stabilization, | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-objective | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.next-generation | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ultra-realistic | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reproducibility, | 128 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5007849518, https://openalex.org/A5043868765, https://openalex.org/A5108396376, https://openalex.org/A5062664395, https://openalex.org/A5077086308, https://openalex.org/A5038170144, https://openalex.org/A5066462592, https://openalex.org/A5003499991, https://openalex.org/A5091462809 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 9 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282105669 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.3823768 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |