Automated MRI Field of View Prescription from Region of Interest Prediction by Intra-stack Attention Neural Network Article Swipe

PDF

Ke Lei , Ali Syed , Xucheng Zhu , John M. Pauly , Shreyas Vasanawala ·

YOU? · · 2022 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703

Manual prescription of the field of view (FOV) by MRI technologists is variable and prolongs the scanning process. Often, the FOV is too large or crops critical anatomy. We propose a deep-learning framework, trained by radiologists' supervision, for automating FOV prescription. An intra-stack shared feature extraction network and an attention network are used to process a stack of 2D image inputs to generate output scalars defining the location of a rectangular region of interest (ROI). The attention mechanism is used to make the model focus on the small number of informative slices in a stack. Then the smallest FOV that makes the neural network predicted ROI free of aliasing is calculated by an algebraic operation derived from MR sampling theory. We retrospectively collected 595 cases between February 2018 and February 2022. The framework's performance is examined quantitatively with intersection over union (IoU) and pixel error on position, and qualitatively with a reader study. We use the t-test for comparing quantitative results from all models and a radiologist. The proposed model achieves an average IoU of 0.867 and average ROI position error of 9.06 out of 512 pixels on 80 test cases, significantly better (P<0.05) than two baseline models and not significantly different from a radiologist (P>0.12). Finally, the FOV given by the proposed framework achieves an acceptance rate of 92% from an experienced radiologist.

Related Topics

Computer Science

Artificial Intelligence

Aerospace Engineering

Mathematical Analysis

Concepts

Computer science Artificial intelligence Artificial neural network Pixel Region of interest Stack (abstract data type) Process (computing) Position (finance) Field (mathematics) Field of view Computer vision Intersection (aeronautics) Feature (linguistics) Variable (mathematics) Image (mathematics) Pattern recognition (psychology) Mathematics Engineering Pure mathematics Aerospace engineering Economics Operating system Philosophy Finance Linguistics Programming language Mathematical analysis

Metadata

Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04703
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703
OA Status: green
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4308757497

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4308757497

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Automated MRI Field of View Prescription from Region of Interest Prediction by Intra-stack Attention Neural Network

Work title
Type: preprint

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2022

Year of publication
Publication date: 2022-11-09

Full publication date if available
Authors: Ke Lei, Ali Syed, Xucheng Zhu, John M. Pauly, Shreyas Vasanawala

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04703

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: green

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Artificial neural network, Pixel, Region of interest, Stack (abstract data type), Process (computing), Position (finance), Field (mathematics), Field of view, Computer vision, Intersection (aeronautics), Feature (linguistics), Variable (mathematics), Image (mathematics), Pattern recognition (psychology), Mathematics, Engineering, Pure mathematics, Aerospace engineering, Economics, Operating system, Philosophy, Finance, Linguistics, Programming language, Mathematical analysis

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4308757497
doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4308757497
fwci	0.0
type	preprint
title	Automated MRI Field of View Prescription from Region of Interest Prediction by Intra-stack Attention Neural Network
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T12422
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[0].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[0].score	0.9991999864578247
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[0].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2741
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
topics[0].display_name	Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T14510
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[1].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[1].score	0.9983999729156494
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[1].display_name	Medical Imaging and Analysis
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T12386
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[2].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[2].score	0.9939000010490417
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[2].display_name	Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C41008148
concepts[0].level	0
concepts[0].score	0.7177348136901855
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198
concepts[0].display_name	Computer science
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C154945302
concepts[1].level	1
concepts[1].score	0.6871744394302368
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660
concepts[1].display_name	Artificial intelligence
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C50644808
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.6829961538314819
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776
concepts[2].display_name	Artificial neural network
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C160633673
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.6517333388328552
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198
concepts[3].display_name	Pixel
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C19609008
concepts[4].level	2
concepts[4].score	0.6400970816612244
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138203
concepts[4].display_name	Region of interest
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C9395851
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.6305751800537109
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177929
concepts[5].display_name	Stack (abstract data type)
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C98045186
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.5676665306091309
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663
concepts[6].display_name	Process (computing)
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C198082294
concepts[7].level	2
concepts[7].score	0.5351176261901855
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648
concepts[7].display_name	Position (finance)
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C9652623
concepts[8].level	2
concepts[8].score	0.5324040055274963
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109
concepts[8].display_name	Field (mathematics)
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C150627866
concepts[9].level	2
concepts[9].score	0.5301742553710938
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076893
concepts[9].display_name	Field of view
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C31972630
concepts[10].level	1
concepts[10].score	0.525931179523468
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240
concepts[10].display_name	Computer vision
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C64543145
concepts[11].level	2
concepts[11].score	0.5251265168190002
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942
concepts[11].display_name	Intersection (aeronautics)
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C2776401178
concepts[12].level	2
concepts[12].score	0.5247167348861694
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496
concepts[12].display_name	Feature (linguistics)
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C182365436
concepts[13].level	2
concepts[13].score	0.4647589921951294
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701
concepts[13].display_name	Variable (mathematics)
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C115961682
concepts[14].level	2
concepts[14].score	0.4300912618637085
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623
concepts[14].display_name	Image (mathematics)
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C153180895
concepts[15].level	2
concepts[15].score	0.4058327376842499
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389
concepts[15].display_name	Pattern recognition (psychology)
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C33923547
concepts[16].level	0
concepts[16].score	0.21142303943634033
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395
concepts[16].display_name	Mathematics
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C127413603
concepts[17].level	0
concepts[17].score	0.08749315142631531
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023
concepts[17].display_name	Engineering
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C202444582
concepts[18].level	1
concepts[18].score	0.0
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863
concepts[18].display_name	Pure mathematics
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C146978453
concepts[19].level	1
concepts[19].score	0.0
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668
concepts[19].display_name	Aerospace engineering
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C162324750
concepts[20].level	0
concepts[20].score	0.0
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134
concepts[20].display_name	Economics
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C111919701
concepts[21].level	1
concepts[21].score	0.0
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135
concepts[21].display_name	Operating system
concepts[22].id	https://openalex.org/C138885662
concepts[22].level	0
concepts[22].score	0.0
concepts[22].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891
concepts[22].display_name	Philosophy
concepts[23].id	https://openalex.org/C10138342
concepts[23].level	1
concepts[23].score	0.0
concepts[23].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015
concepts[23].display_name	Finance
concepts[24].id	https://openalex.org/C41895202
concepts[24].level	1
concepts[24].score	0.0
concepts[24].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162
concepts[24].display_name	Linguistics
concepts[25].id	https://openalex.org/C199360897
concepts[25].level	1
concepts[25].score	0.0
concepts[25].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143
concepts[25].display_name	Programming language
concepts[26].id	https://openalex.org/C134306372
concepts[26].level	1
concepts[26].score	0.0
concepts[26].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754
concepts[26].display_name	Mathematical analysis
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science
keywords[0].score	0.7177348136901855
keywords[0].display_name	Computer science
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence
keywords[1].score	0.6871744394302368
keywords[1].display_name	Artificial intelligence
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network
keywords[2].score	0.6829961538314819
keywords[2].display_name	Artificial neural network
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel
keywords[3].score	0.6517333388328552
keywords[3].display_name	Pixel
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/region-of-interest
keywords[4].score	0.6400970816612244
keywords[4].display_name	Region of interest
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/stack
keywords[5].score	0.6305751800537109
keywords[5].display_name	Stack (abstract data type)
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/process
keywords[6].score	0.5676665306091309
keywords[6].display_name	Process (computing)
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/position
keywords[7].score	0.5351176261901855
keywords[7].display_name	Position (finance)
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/field
keywords[8].score	0.5324040055274963
keywords[8].display_name	Field (mathematics)
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/field-of-view
keywords[9].score	0.5301742553710938
keywords[9].display_name	Field of view
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision
keywords[10].score	0.525931179523468
keywords[10].display_name	Computer vision
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection
keywords[11].score	0.5251265168190002
keywords[11].display_name	Intersection (aeronautics)
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/feature
keywords[12].score	0.5247167348861694
keywords[12].display_name	Feature (linguistics)
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/variable
keywords[13].score	0.4647589921951294
keywords[13].display_name	Variable (mathematics)
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/image
keywords[14].score	0.4300912618637085
keywords[14].display_name	Image (mathematics)
keywords[15].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition
keywords[15].score	0.4058327376842499
keywords[15].display_name	Pattern recognition (psychology)
keywords[16].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics
keywords[16].score	0.21142303943634033
keywords[16].display_name	Mathematics
keywords[17].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering
keywords[17].score	0.08749315142631531
keywords[17].display_name	Engineering
language	en
locations[0].id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2211.04703
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[0].source.issn
locations[0].source.type	repository
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l
locations[0].source.is_core	False
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].license
locations[0].pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703
locations[0].version	submittedVersion
locations[0].raw_type
locations[0].license_id
locations[0].is_accepted	False
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04703
locations[1].id	doi:10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703
locations[1].is_oa	True
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	True
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version
locations[1].raw_type	article
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published
locations[1].raw_source_name
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2211.04703
indexed_in	arxiv, datacite
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5103181880
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2523-5530
authorships[0].author.display_name	Ke Lei
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Lei, Ke
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5110944631
authorships[1].author.orcid
authorships[1].author.display_name	Ali Syed
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Syed, Ali B.
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5084408239
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5537-5542
authorships[2].author.display_name	Xucheng Zhu
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Zhu, Xucheng
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5008348052
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5918-4172
authorships[3].author.display_name	John M. Pauly
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Pauly, John M.
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5070743328
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1999-6595
authorships[4].author.display_name	Shreyas Vasanawala
authorships[4].author_position	last
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Vasanawala, Shreyas S.
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	False
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703
open_access.oa_status	green
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Automated MRI Field of View Prescription from Region of Interest Prediction by Intra-stack Attention Neural Network
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T12422
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
primary_topic.field.display_name	Medicine
primary_topic.score	0.9991999864578247
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Health Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2741
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
primary_topic.display_name	Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2380576232, https://openalex.org/W2937054111, https://openalex.org/W2066223521, https://openalex.org/W2013178899, https://openalex.org/W373327546, https://openalex.org/W2321534397, https://openalex.org/W2064771172, https://openalex.org/W2089141841, https://openalex.org/W2007567267, https://openalex.org/W1979883088
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	2
best_oa_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2211.04703
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
best_oa_location.source.issn
best_oa_location.source.type	repository
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l
best_oa_location.source.is_core	False
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.license
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703
best_oa_location.version	submittedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type
best_oa_location.license_id
best_oa_location.is_accepted	False
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04703
primary_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2211.04703
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
primary_location.source.issn
primary_location.source.type	repository
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l
primary_location.source.is_core	False
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.license
primary_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04703
primary_location.version	submittedVersion
primary_location.raw_type
primary_location.license_id
primary_location.is_accepted	False
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04703
publication_date	2022-11-09
publication_year	2022
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.a	30, 55, 69, 93, 150, 165, 203
abstract_inverted_index.2D	58
abstract_inverted_index.80	188
abstract_inverted_index.An	41
abstract_inverted_index.MR	117
abstract_inverted_index.We	28, 120, 153
abstract_inverted_index.an	48, 112, 171, 215, 221
abstract_inverted_index.by	8, 34, 111, 210
abstract_inverted_index.in	92
abstract_inverted_index.is	11, 21, 78, 109, 134
abstract_inverted_index.of	2, 5, 57, 68, 72, 89, 107, 174, 181, 184, 218
abstract_inverted_index.on	85, 145, 187
abstract_inverted_index.or	24
abstract_inverted_index.to	53, 61, 80
abstract_inverted_index.512	185
abstract_inverted_index.595	123
abstract_inverted_index.92%	219
abstract_inverted_index.FOV	20, 39, 98, 208
abstract_inverted_index.IoU	173
abstract_inverted_index.MRI	9
abstract_inverted_index.ROI	105, 178
abstract_inverted_index.The	75, 131, 167
abstract_inverted_index.all	162
abstract_inverted_index.and	13, 47, 128, 142, 147, 164, 176, 198
abstract_inverted_index.are	51
abstract_inverted_index.for	37, 157
abstract_inverted_index.not	199
abstract_inverted_index.out	183
abstract_inverted_index.the	3, 15, 19, 66, 82, 86, 96, 101, 155, 207, 211
abstract_inverted_index.too	22
abstract_inverted_index.two	195
abstract_inverted_index.use	154
abstract_inverted_index.2018	127
abstract_inverted_index.9.06	182
abstract_inverted_index.Then	95
abstract_inverted_index.free	106
abstract_inverted_index.from	116, 161, 202, 220
abstract_inverted_index.make	81
abstract_inverted_index.over	139
abstract_inverted_index.rate	217
abstract_inverted_index.test	189
abstract_inverted_index.than	194
abstract_inverted_index.that	99
abstract_inverted_index.used	52, 79
abstract_inverted_index.view	6
abstract_inverted_index.with	137, 149
abstract_inverted_index.(FOV)	7
abstract_inverted_index.(IoU)	141
abstract_inverted_index.0.867	175
abstract_inverted_index.2022.	130
abstract_inverted_index.cases	124
abstract_inverted_index.crops	25
abstract_inverted_index.error	144, 180
abstract_inverted_index.field	4
abstract_inverted_index.focus	84
abstract_inverted_index.given	209
abstract_inverted_index.image	59
abstract_inverted_index.large	23
abstract_inverted_index.makes	100
abstract_inverted_index.model	83, 169
abstract_inverted_index.pixel	143
abstract_inverted_index.small	87
abstract_inverted_index.stack	56
abstract_inverted_index.union	140
abstract_inverted_index.(ROI).	74
abstract_inverted_index.Manual	0
abstract_inverted_index.Often,	18
abstract_inverted_index.better	192
abstract_inverted_index.cases,	190
abstract_inverted_index.inputs	60
abstract_inverted_index.models	163, 197
abstract_inverted_index.neural	102
abstract_inverted_index.number	88
abstract_inverted_index.output	63
abstract_inverted_index.pixels	186
abstract_inverted_index.reader	151
abstract_inverted_index.region	71
abstract_inverted_index.shared	43
abstract_inverted_index.slices	91
abstract_inverted_index.stack.	94
abstract_inverted_index.study.	152
abstract_inverted_index.t-test	156
abstract_inverted_index.average	172, 177
abstract_inverted_index.between	125
abstract_inverted_index.derived	115
abstract_inverted_index.feature	44
abstract_inverted_index.network	46, 50, 103
abstract_inverted_index.process	54
abstract_inverted_index.propose	29
abstract_inverted_index.results	160
abstract_inverted_index.scalars	64
abstract_inverted_index.theory.	119
abstract_inverted_index.trained	33
abstract_inverted_index.February	126, 129
abstract_inverted_index.Finally,	206
abstract_inverted_index.achieves	170, 214
abstract_inverted_index.aliasing	108
abstract_inverted_index.anatomy.	27
abstract_inverted_index.baseline	196
abstract_inverted_index.critical	26
abstract_inverted_index.defining	65
abstract_inverted_index.examined	135
abstract_inverted_index.generate	62
abstract_inverted_index.interest	73
abstract_inverted_index.location	67
abstract_inverted_index.position	179
abstract_inverted_index.process.	17
abstract_inverted_index.prolongs	14
abstract_inverted_index.proposed	168, 212
abstract_inverted_index.sampling	118
abstract_inverted_index.scanning	16
abstract_inverted_index.smallest	97
abstract_inverted_index.variable	12
abstract_inverted_index.algebraic	113
abstract_inverted_index.attention	49, 76
abstract_inverted_index.collected	122
abstract_inverted_index.comparing	158
abstract_inverted_index.different	201
abstract_inverted_index.framework	213
abstract_inverted_index.mechanism	77
abstract_inverted_index.operation	114
abstract_inverted_index.position,	146
abstract_inverted_index.predicted	104
abstract_inverted_index.acceptance	216
abstract_inverted_index.automating	38
abstract_inverted_index.calculated	110
abstract_inverted_index.extraction	45
abstract_inverted_index.framework,	32
abstract_inverted_index.(P<0.05)	193
abstract_inverted_index.experienced	222
abstract_inverted_index.framework's	132
abstract_inverted_index.informative	90
abstract_inverted_index.intra-stack	42
abstract_inverted_index.performance	133
abstract_inverted_index.radiologist	204
abstract_inverted_index.rectangular	70
abstract_inverted_index.(P>0.12).	205
abstract_inverted_index.intersection	138
abstract_inverted_index.prescription	1
abstract_inverted_index.quantitative	159
abstract_inverted_index.radiologist.	166, 223
abstract_inverted_index.supervision,	36
abstract_inverted_index.deep-learning	31
abstract_inverted_index.prescription.	40
abstract_inverted_index.qualitatively	148
abstract_inverted_index.radiologists'	35
abstract_inverted_index.significantly	191, 200
abstract_inverted_index.technologists	10
abstract_inverted_index.quantitatively	136
abstract_inverted_index.retrospectively	121
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	5
citation_normalized_percentile