Autonomic dysfunction in genetic forms of synucleinopathies Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2018
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343
The discovery of genetic links between alpha‐synuclein and PD has opened unprecedented opportunities for research into a new group of diseases, now collectively known as synucleinopathies. Autonomic dysfunction, including cardiac sympathetic denervation, has been reported in familial forms of synucleinopathies that have Lewy bodies at the core of their pathogenesis. SNCA mutations and multiplications, LRRK2 disease with Lewy bodies as well as other common, sporadic forms of idiopathic PD, MSA, pure autonomic failure, and dementia with Lewy bodies have all been associated with dysautonomia. By contrast, in familial cases of parkinsonism without Lewy bodies, such as in PARK2 , the autonomic profile remains normal throughout the course of the disease. The degeneration of the central and peripheral autonomic systems in genetic as well as sporadic forms of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies correlates with the accumulation of alpha‐synuclein immunoreactive‐containing inclusions. Given that dysautonomia has a significant impact on the quality of life of sufferers and autonomic symptoms are generally treatable, a prompt diagnostic testing and treatment should be provided. Moreover, new evidence suggests that autonomic dysfunction can be used as an outcome prediction factor in some forms of synucleinopathies or premotor diagnostic markers that could be used in the future to define further research avenues. In this review, we describe the autonomic dysfunction of genetic synucleinopathies in comparison to the dysautonomia of sporadic forms of alpha‐synuclein accumulation and provide the reader with an up‐to‐date overview of the current understanding in this fast‐growing field. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Related Topics
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 25
- References
- 154
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2790064437
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2790064437Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Autonomic dysfunction in genetic forms of synucleinopathiesWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2018Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2018-03-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Viorica Chelban, Ekawat Vichayanrat, Lucia Schottlaende, Valeria Iodice, Henry HouldenList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/131866Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Synucleinopathies, Dysautonomia, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Pure autonomic failure, Neuroscience, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body, Medicine, Alpha-synuclein, Disease, Pathology, Psychology, Dementia, Internal medicine, Orthostatic vital signs, Blood pressureTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
25Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2, 2024: 3, 2023: 4, 2022: 4, 2021: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
154Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2790064437 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343 |
| ids.mag | 2790064437 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29508456 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2790064437 |
| fwci | 2.16234104 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | Q000209 |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D001342 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | etiology |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Autonomic Nervous System Diseases |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D009154 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Mutation |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | Q000150 |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | complications |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D051844 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | alpha-Synuclein |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | Q000209 |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D001342 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | etiology |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Autonomic Nervous System Diseases |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D009154 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Mutation |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | Q000150 |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | complications |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D051844 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | alpha-Synuclein |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000209 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D001342 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | etiology |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Autonomic Nervous System Diseases |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D009154 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Mutation |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | Q000150 |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | complications |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D010300 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Parkinson Disease |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | Q000235 |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D051844 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | genetics |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | alpha-Synuclein |
| type | review |
| title | Autonomic dysfunction in genetic forms of synucleinopathies |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G8173906395 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | MR/J004758/1 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| awards[1].id | https://openalex.org/G3754382527 |
| awards[1].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| awards[1].display_name | |
| awards[1].funder_award_id | G0802760 |
| awards[1].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| awards[2].id | https://openalex.org/G7821771762 |
| awards[2].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| awards[2].display_name | |
| awards[2].funder_award_id | G1001253 |
| awards[2].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| awards[3].id | https://openalex.org/G1112494735 |
| awards[3].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320333065 |
| awards[3].display_name | |
| awards[3].funder_award_id | 2012‐305121 |
| awards[3].funder_display_name | Seventh Framework Programme |
| biblio.issue | 3 |
| biblio.volume | 33 |
| biblio.last_page | 371 |
| biblio.first_page | 359 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10085 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2728 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| topics[0].display_name | Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10919 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9865999817848206 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2728 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| topics[1].display_name | Neurological disorders and treatments |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10949 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[2].score | 0.9843000173568726 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2804 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience |
| topics[2].display_name | Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320320050 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/03192vt15 |
| funders[0].display_name | Ataxia UK |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320333065 |
| funders[1].ror | |
| funders[1].display_name | Seventh Framework Programme |
| funders[2].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| funders[2].ror | https://ror.org/03x94j517 |
| funders[2].display_name | Medical Research Council |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 4070 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4070 |
| apc_paid.value | 4070 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 4070 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2777440831 |
| concepts[0].level | 5 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9821248650550842 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2376264 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Synucleinopathies |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2779543035 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.8695217370986938 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620639 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Dysautonomia |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2778548049 |
| concepts[2].level | 4 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7490131258964539 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101245788 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Dementia with Lewy bodies |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2781177144 |
| concepts[3].level | 4 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.7028534412384033 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896883 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Pure autonomic failure |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5987634062767029 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Neuroscience |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2779734285 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5527960062026978 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Parkinson's disease |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2779097696 |
| concepts[6].level | 4 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.48084720969200134 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1822234 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Lewy body |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.47064632177352905 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C2781449126 |
| concepts[8].level | 4 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4081132113933563 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288591 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Alpha-synuclein |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C2779134260 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.40133580565452576 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Disease |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C142724271 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3548456132411957 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Pathology |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.33941227197647095 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C2779483572 |
| concepts[12].level | 3 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.33115440607070923 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Dementia |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.22441592812538147 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C73787029 |
| concepts[14].level | 3 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.12211114168167114 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7104929 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Orthostatic vital signs |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C84393581 |
| concepts[15].level | 2 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Blood pressure |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/synucleinopathies |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9821248650550842 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Synucleinopathies |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/dysautonomia |
| keywords[1].score | 0.8695217370986938 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Dysautonomia |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia-with-lewy-bodies |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7490131258964539 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Dementia with Lewy bodies |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-autonomic-failure |
| keywords[3].score | 0.7028534412384033 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Pure autonomic failure |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5987634062767029 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Neuroscience |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinsons-disease |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5527960062026978 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Parkinson's disease |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lewy-body |
| keywords[6].score | 0.48084720969200134 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Lewy body |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[7].score | 0.47064632177352905 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-synuclein |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4081132113933563 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Alpha-synuclein |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/disease |
| keywords[9].score | 0.40133580565452576 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Disease |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3548456132411957 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Pathology |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.33941227197647095 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia |
| keywords[12].score | 0.33115440607070923 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Dementia |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[13].score | 0.22441592812538147 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/orthostatic-vital-signs |
| keywords[14].score | 0.12211114168167114 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Orthostatic vital signs |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1002/mds.27343 |
| locations[0].is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S163027424 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0885-3185, 1531-8257 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0885-3185 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Movement Disorders |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Movement Disorders |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:29508456 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29508456 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:ibn.idsi.md:131866 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source | |
| locations[2].license | other-oa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Movement Disorders 33 (3) 359-371 |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/131866 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5014701168 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5817-6290 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Viorica Chelban |
| authorships[0].countries | GB, MD |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210121123 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/048b34d51 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1340918713, https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I4210121123 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/02frnkp15 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210121123 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].country_code | MD |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].display_name | Institute of International Relations of Moldova |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Viorica Chelban |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5085593033 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-0997 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Ekawat Vichayanrat |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Autonomic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/048b34d51 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1340918713, https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Ekawat Vichayanrat |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Autonomic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5062620691 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Lucia Schottlaende |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2800129641, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2800129641 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00zn2c847 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2800129641, https://openalex.org/I2800349819 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Great Ormond Street Hospital |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/048b34d51 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1340918713, https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Lucia Schottlaende |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom, Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072662900 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Valeria Iodice |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Autonomic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/048b34d51 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1340918713, https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Valeria Iodice |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Autonomic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5082436384 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-7777 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Henry Houlden |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/048b34d51 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1340918713, https://openalex.org/I4210151618 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Henry Houlden |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/131866 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Autonomic dysfunction in genetic forms of synucleinopathies |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10085 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2728 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4256324391, https://openalex.org/W3083973868, https://openalex.org/W3215919144, https://openalex.org/W2790064437, https://openalex.org/W2005385069, https://openalex.org/W3088492926, https://openalex.org/W2890336486, https://openalex.org/W2144134833, https://openalex.org/W2059279380, https://openalex.org/W2288263561 |
| cited_by_count | 25 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[6].year | 2019 |
| counts_by_year[6].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[7].year | 2018 |
| counts_by_year[7].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | pmh:oai:ibn.idsi.md:131866 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source | |
| best_oa_location.license | other-oa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | submittedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | False |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Movement Disorders 33 (3) 359-371 |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/131866 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1002/mds.27343 |
| primary_location.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S163027424 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0885-3185, 1531-8257 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0885-3185 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Movement Disorders |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Movement Disorders |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27343 |
| publication_date | 2018-03-01 |
| publication_year | 2018 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2010648364, https://openalex.org/W2109417382, https://openalex.org/W1527671059, https://openalex.org/W2109656063, https://openalex.org/W4297407199, https://openalex.org/W2141483618, https://openalex.org/W2073449985, https://openalex.org/W2614133283, https://openalex.org/W2139506875, https://openalex.org/W1978118667, https://openalex.org/W2150656456, https://openalex.org/W2072509284, https://openalex.org/W2151199043, https://openalex.org/W2063127941, https://openalex.org/W2063690790, https://openalex.org/W1877873625, https://openalex.org/W2136388422, https://openalex.org/W2104382960, https://openalex.org/W2177664723, https://openalex.org/W1971001612, https://openalex.org/W2019145949, https://openalex.org/W1965778124, https://openalex.org/W2168824647, https://openalex.org/W2064681168, https://openalex.org/W2021209363, https://openalex.org/W2082214922, https://openalex.org/W2133068803, https://openalex.org/W2142196264, https://openalex.org/W2140028692, https://openalex.org/W2520992663, https://openalex.org/W2085022353, https://openalex.org/W2022170924, https://openalex.org/W2104950937, https://openalex.org/W2341917821, https://openalex.org/W2112455323, https://openalex.org/W2166211493, https://openalex.org/W2121304044, https://openalex.org/W1989646093, https://openalex.org/W1980344888, https://openalex.org/W2084430382, https://openalex.org/W2150348503, https://openalex.org/W2022289010, https://openalex.org/W2135384228, https://openalex.org/W2036709120, https://openalex.org/W2111292139, https://openalex.org/W2123434085, https://openalex.org/W2762755770, https://openalex.org/W2073954164, https://openalex.org/W2077979124, https://openalex.org/W2134541041, https://openalex.org/W2149224225, https://openalex.org/W2091265794, https://openalex.org/W1977044612, https://openalex.org/W2732036329, https://openalex.org/W2154737306, https://openalex.org/W2123431154, https://openalex.org/W2068474594, https://openalex.org/W2166078074, https://openalex.org/W1975723336, https://openalex.org/W2008468486, https://openalex.org/W2300664172, https://openalex.org/W2046015504, https://openalex.org/W2568365091, https://openalex.org/W2026884117, https://openalex.org/W2134829539, https://openalex.org/W2143688669, https://openalex.org/W2085005989, https://openalex.org/W2099708534, https://openalex.org/W2030857589, https://openalex.org/W2040140774, https://openalex.org/W2049327371, https://openalex.org/W2042201192, https://openalex.org/W2171538072, https://openalex.org/W1965580129, https://openalex.org/W2063634910, https://openalex.org/W1998502756, https://openalex.org/W1979486721, https://openalex.org/W2179438025, https://openalex.org/W2001469924, https://openalex.org/W2108326484, https://openalex.org/W2026875466, https://openalex.org/W2131641631, https://openalex.org/W1993140263, https://openalex.org/W2165349828, https://openalex.org/W2135244128, https://openalex.org/W2033089723, https://openalex.org/W2023645728, https://openalex.org/W1967114240, https://openalex.org/W2102572922, https://openalex.org/W2086119162, https://openalex.org/W1991406677, https://openalex.org/W2056051352, https://openalex.org/W2081201394, https://openalex.org/W2018859546, https://openalex.org/W2142178983, https://openalex.org/W2281598789, https://openalex.org/W2009734665, https://openalex.org/W2010155317, https://openalex.org/W2036494706, https://openalex.org/W2128839177, https://openalex.org/W1972601084, https://openalex.org/W2044433069, https://openalex.org/W1855500719, https://openalex.org/W2014267695, https://openalex.org/W2095438158, https://openalex.org/W2077615152, https://openalex.org/W1995197572, https://openalex.org/W2081963448, https://openalex.org/W1526223986, https://openalex.org/W2617170837, https://openalex.org/W2155299862, https://openalex.org/W2040858732, https://openalex.org/W2168946626, https://openalex.org/W2060932934, https://openalex.org/W1991087865, https://openalex.org/W2151603006, https://openalex.org/W71720163, https://openalex.org/W2088734209, https://openalex.org/W2111468559, https://openalex.org/W2028690674, https://openalex.org/W2019990519, https://openalex.org/W2529989798, https://openalex.org/W2293971393, https://openalex.org/W2037192696, https://openalex.org/W2039966905, https://openalex.org/W1995540161, https://openalex.org/W2146324277, https://openalex.org/W2081844814, https://openalex.org/W2123099438, https://openalex.org/W2012283962, https://openalex.org/W2160225562, https://openalex.org/W2105997121, https://openalex.org/W2000468077, https://openalex.org/W2026387951, https://openalex.org/W2112499943, https://openalex.org/W1969601645, https://openalex.org/W2106935339, https://openalex.org/W2142483035, https://openalex.org/W2002748828, https://openalex.org/W1993275163, https://openalex.org/W2153154672, https://openalex.org/W2133313651, https://openalex.org/W2133688632, https://openalex.org/W2554069186, https://openalex.org/W2035119469, https://openalex.org/W2000846612, https://openalex.org/W2125447215, https://openalex.org/W2096061603, https://openalex.org/W46065738, https://openalex.org/W2763857704, https://openalex.org/W2192911366, https://openalex.org/W2051087311, https://openalex.org/W4210634552, https://openalex.org/W2473580629 |
| referenced_works_count | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index., | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 17, 142, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.By | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PD | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 178, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 25, 60, 62, 96, 122, 124, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 165, 175, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 36, 87, 97, 120, 182, 195, 214, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 3, 20, 39, 48, 67, 90, 108, 113, 127, 134, 148, 150, 185, 211, 219, 222, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 198, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.© | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PD, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.all | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 8, 53, 74, 116, 152, 162, 225, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 10, 33, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new | 18, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.now | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 46, 100, 106, 109, 114, 132, 146, 196, 208, 217, 227, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2018 | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Lewy | 43, 58, 77, 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MSA, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SNCA | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 34, 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.core | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 42, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pure | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 41, 139, 171, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 204, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 176, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 61, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 57, 76, 83, 131, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Given | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LRRK2 | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PARK2 | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cases | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forms | 38, 66, 126, 184, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.known | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.links | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bodies | 44, 59, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.course | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.define | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factor | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field. | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.future | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.normal | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opened | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prompt | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reader | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.should | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Society | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bodies, | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cardiac | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.central | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common, | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.current | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genetic | 4, 121, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markers | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcome | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profile | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review, | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ABSTRACT | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Disorder | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Movement | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.avenues. | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dementia | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.describe | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.failure, | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.familial | 37, 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overview | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.premotor | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 15, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sporadic | 65, 125, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggests | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Autonomic | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Moreover, | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Parkinson | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autonomic | 72, 101, 118, 153, 172, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contrast, | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discovery | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diseases, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generally | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mutations | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided. | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sufferers | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparison | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correlates | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnostic | 160, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.idiopathic | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.peripheral | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prediction | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.throughout | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatable, | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysfunction | 173, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inclusions. | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sympathetic | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accumulation | 133, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collectively | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.degeneration | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.denervation, | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysautonomia | 140, 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysfunction, | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parkinsonism | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.International | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysautonomia. | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opportunities | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathogenesis. | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unprecedented | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fast‐growing | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.up‐to‐date | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiplications, | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alpha‐synuclein | 7, 135, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neurodegenerative | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synucleinopathies | 40, 129, 186, 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synucleinopathies. | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunoreactive‐containing | 136 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 94 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5014701168 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210121123, https://openalex.org/I4210151618, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.83941321 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |