Autophagic Upregulation Is Cytoprotective in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Retina and Retinal Progenitor Cells Article Swipe
Larissa Ho Ching Tang
,
Frederic K. C. Fung
,
Angela Lai
,
Ian Yat Hin Wong
,
Kendrick Co Shih
,
Acy Lo
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446
The cytoprotective versus cytotoxic role of macroautophagy in ocular ischemia/reperfusion injuries remains controversial and its effects under hyperglycemia are unclear. We investigated the involvement of autophagy in in vitro and in vivo normoglycemic and hyperglycemic models of retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Retinal ischemia (2 h) and reperfusion (2 or 22 h) was induced in wild-type and type I diabetic Ins2Akita/+ mice using a middle cerebral artery occlusion model. R28 retinal precursor cells were subjected to CoCl2-induced hypoxia with or without autophagic inhibitor NH4Cl. Autophagic regulation during ischemia/reperfusion was assessed through immunohistochemical detection and Western blotting of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). Effect of autophagic inhibition on cell viability and morphology under hypoxic conditions was also evaluated. Upregulation of autophagic markers in the inner retinae was seen after two hours reperfusion, with tapering of the response following 22 h of reperfusion in vivo. LC3-II turnover assays confirmed an increase in autophagic flux in our hypoxic in vitro model. Pharmacological autophagic inhibition under hypoxic conditions decreased cell survival and induced structural changes not demonstrated with autophagic inhibition alone. Yet no statistically significant different autophagic responses in ischemia/reperfusion injuries were seen between the two glycemic states.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446
- https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 50
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3188384232
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3188384232Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Autophagic Upregulation Is Cytoprotective in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Retina and Retinal Progenitor CellsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-08-06Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Larissa Ho Ching Tang, Frederic K. C. Fung, Angela Lai, Ian Yat Hin Wong, Kendrick Co Shih, Acy LoList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Downregulation and upregulation, Retina, Autophagy, Cell biology, Retinal, Progenitor cell, Ischemia, Reperfusion injury, Chemistry, Medicine, Biology, Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, Stem cell, Apoptosis, Biochemistry, Internal medicine, GeneTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
8Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 1, 2023: 3, 2022: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
50Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3188384232 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| ids.mag | 3188384232 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34445152 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3188384232 |
| fwci | 1.30675139 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D001343 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Autophagy |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D002470 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Cell Survival |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D008810 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Mice, Inbred C57BL |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D015427 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Reperfusion Injury |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D051379 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Mice |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D001343 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Autophagy |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D002470 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Cell Survival |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D008810 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Mice, Inbred C57BL |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D015427 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Reperfusion Injury |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D051379 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Mice |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D000818 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Animals |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D001343 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Autophagy |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D002470 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Cell Survival |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D008810 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Mice, Inbred C57BL |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D015427 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Reperfusion Injury |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[32].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[32].descriptor_ui | D012160 |
| mesh[32].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[32].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[32].descriptor_name | Retina |
| mesh[33].qualifier_ui | Q000166 |
| mesh[33].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[33].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[33].qualifier_name | cytology |
| mesh[33].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| mesh[34].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[34].descriptor_ui | D013234 |
| mesh[34].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[34].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[34].descriptor_name | Stem Cells |
| type | article |
| title | Autophagic Upregulation Is Cytoprotective in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Retina and Retinal Progenitor Cells |
| biblio.issue | 16 |
| biblio.volume | 22 |
| biblio.last_page | 8446 |
| biblio.first_page | 8446 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10587 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2713 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Epidemiology |
| topics[0].display_name | Autophagy in Disease and Therapy |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11266 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[1].score | 0.9631999731063843 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2808 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| topics[1].display_name | Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11142 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9531000256538391 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1308 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Clinical Biochemistry |
| topics[2].display_name | Advanced Glycation End Products research |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2300 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2490 |
| apc_paid.value | 2300 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2490 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C127561419 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7735399007797241 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Downregulation and upregulation |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2777093970 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7596999406814575 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Retina |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C203522944 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7165014743804932 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288322 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Autophagy |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C95444343 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6336564421653748 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Cell biology |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2780827179 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5711077451705933 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Retinal |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C201750760 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5606689453125 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1896218 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Progenitor cell |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C541997718 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4958580434322357 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188151 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Ischemia |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2780114680 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.44921401143074036 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413991 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Reperfusion injury |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4045051634311676 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.30347633361816406 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3002672791481018 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C118487528 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.26038670539855957 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Ophthalmology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2502835988998413 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Neuroscience |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C28328180 |
| concepts[13].level | 2 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.24708932638168335 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Stem cell |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C190283241 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.23491913080215454 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Apoptosis |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.1520666778087616 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Biochemistry |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.13748562335968018 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C104317684 |
| concepts[17].level | 2 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.058555155992507935 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Gene |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/downregulation-and-upregulation |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7735399007797241 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Downregulation and upregulation |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/retina |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7596999406814575 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Retina |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/autophagy |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7165014743804932 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Autophagy |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6336564421653748 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Cell biology |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5711077451705933 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Retinal |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/progenitor-cell |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5606689453125 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Progenitor cell |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemia |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4958580434322357 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Ischemia |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/reperfusion-injury |
| keywords[7].score | 0.44921401143074036 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Reperfusion injury |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4045051634311676 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[9].score | 0.30347633361816406 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3002672791481018 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.26038670539855957 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Ophthalmology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2502835988998413 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Neuroscience |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell |
| keywords[13].score | 0.24708932638168335 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Stem cell |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis |
| keywords[14].score | 0.23491913080215454 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Apoptosis |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry |
| keywords[15].score | 0.1520666778087616 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Biochemistry |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[16].score | 0.13748562335968018 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/gene |
| keywords[17].score | 0.058555155992507935 |
| keywords[17].display_name | Gene |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S10623703 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1422-0067, 1661-6596 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1422-0067 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:34445152 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | International journal of molecular sciences |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34445152 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3c2f2eed953c4feaa8c1dfdac1318f71 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 8446, p 8446 (2021) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/3c2f2eed953c4feaa8c1dfdac1318f71 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1422-0067/22/16/8446/ |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 8446 |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| locations[4].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8395130 |
| locations[4].is_oa | True |
| locations[4].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[4].source.issn | |
| locations[4].source.type | repository |
| locations[4].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[4].source.issn_l | |
| locations[4].source.is_core | False |
| locations[4].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[4].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[4].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[4].license | other-oa |
| locations[4].pdf_url | |
| locations[4].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[4].raw_type | Text |
| locations[4].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[4].is_accepted | False |
| locations[4].is_published | False |
| locations[4].raw_source_name | Int J Mol Sci |
| locations[4].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8395130 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5006685881 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Larissa Ho Ching Tang |
| authorships[0].countries | HK |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Larissa Ho Ching Tang |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5108525739 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Frederic K. C. Fung |
| authorships[1].countries | HK |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Frederic Khe Cheong Fung |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5000255873 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4459-7876 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Angela Lai |
| authorships[2].countries | HK |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Angela Ka Wai Lai |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5103725641 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Ian Yat Hin Wong |
| authorships[3].countries | HK |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Ian Yat Hin Wong |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002489405 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6255-2941 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Kendrick Co Shih |
| authorships[4].countries | HK |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Kendrick Co Shih |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5069372541 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-6851 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Acy Lo |
| authorships[5].countries | HK |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zhqgq86 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | University of Hong Kong |
| authorships[5].author_position | last |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Amy Cheuk Yin Lo |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Autophagic Upregulation Is Cytoprotective in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Retina and Retinal Progenitor Cells |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10587 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2713 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Epidemiology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Autophagy in Disease and Therapy |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3150996080, https://openalex.org/W2498134948, https://openalex.org/W3151903987, https://openalex.org/W3149538430, https://openalex.org/W2119498694, https://openalex.org/W3031740204, https://openalex.org/W1977334515, https://openalex.org/W2037746501, https://openalex.org/W2093210804, https://openalex.org/W1993625448 |
| cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 3 |
| locations_count | 5 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S10623703 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1422-0067, 1661-6596 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1422-0067 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S10623703 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1422-0067, 1661-6596 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1422-0067 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8446/pdf?version=1628500622 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168446 |
| publication_date | 2021-08-06 |
| publication_year | 2021 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W1994823455, https://openalex.org/W2894395266, https://openalex.org/W2102758832, https://openalex.org/W1978932724, https://openalex.org/W59883231, https://openalex.org/W2074301486, https://openalex.org/W1523367786, https://openalex.org/W2890341546, https://openalex.org/W6833067350, https://openalex.org/W2025665129, https://openalex.org/W2752326209, https://openalex.org/W1977767269, https://openalex.org/W2758121922, https://openalex.org/W2133499027, https://openalex.org/W1966131758, https://openalex.org/W1980131509, https://openalex.org/W2042212286, https://openalex.org/W1982422365, https://openalex.org/W1809795104, https://openalex.org/W1983712497, https://openalex.org/W2006933288, https://openalex.org/W6600301663, https://openalex.org/W1986824675, https://openalex.org/W2513367245, https://openalex.org/W2513174667, https://openalex.org/W2164778558, https://openalex.org/W2559867400, https://openalex.org/W2094924391, https://openalex.org/W2123957943, https://openalex.org/W2007196696, https://openalex.org/W7905208, https://openalex.org/W1967709839, https://openalex.org/W1981931963, https://openalex.org/W1988080686, https://openalex.org/W1993553185, https://openalex.org/W2006447761, https://openalex.org/W2026834042, https://openalex.org/W2060787577, https://openalex.org/W2002670541, https://openalex.org/W2598314677, https://openalex.org/W2001853014, https://openalex.org/W1976643329, https://openalex.org/W1988635561, https://openalex.org/W2083732465, https://openalex.org/W2132658045, https://openalex.org/W2287297798, https://openalex.org/W2602035017, https://openalex.org/W2968590403, https://openalex.org/W1523693806, https://openalex.org/W2743254891 |
| referenced_works_count | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3 | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.I | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.h | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2 | 42, 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.22 | 48, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.h) | 43, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 7, 26, 27, 30, 52, 127, 147, 155, 158, 161, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.no | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 5, 24, 36, 94, 109, 124, 139, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 47, 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.R28 | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Yet | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 13, 29, 33, 44, 54, 91, 101, 115, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 22, 128, 140, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 134, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 50, 86, 120, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell | 113, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flux | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mice | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seen | 132, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vivo | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 71, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 76, 137, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(LC3) | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chain | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hours | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inner | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 16, 117, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vitro | 28, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vivo. | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Effect | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LC3-II | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NH4Cl. | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alone. | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.artery | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assays | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.middle | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model. | 66, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ocular | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versus | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Retinal | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Western | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changes | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hypoxia | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hypoxic | 118, 160, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.induced | 51, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injury. | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markers | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 96, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retinae | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retinal | 37, 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.states. | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(LAMP1). | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.blotting | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cerebral | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetic | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glycemic | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injuries | 10, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ischemia | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.membrane | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survival | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tapering | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.turnover | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unclear. | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autophagy | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirmed | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytotoxic | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decreased | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detection | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibitor | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lysosomal | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.occlusion | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.precursor | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subjected | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viability | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wild-type | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Autophagic | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autophagic | 79, 110, 125, 156, 165, 180, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions | 119, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated. | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibition | 111, 166, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.morphology | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulation | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1A/1B-light | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Ins2Akita/+ | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.involvement | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reperfusion | 45, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Upregulation | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigated | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reperfusion, | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CoCl2-induced | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controversial | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycemia | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycemic | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.normoglycemic | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.statistically | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytoprotective | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.macroautophagy | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Pharmacological | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunohistochemical | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ischemia/reperfusion | 9, 38, 85, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microtubule-associated | 95 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5069372541 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 6 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I889458895 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8100000023841858 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.77574599 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |