Az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma ellátása: új perspektívák Article Swipe
Bettina Kata Kádár
,
Ildikó Katalin Pribék
,
Janka Gajdics
,
János Szemelyácz
,
Bálint Andó
,
Bence András Lázár
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2023.32847
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2023.32847
Az alkoholhasználati zavar egyik legjelentősebb szövődménye az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma, amely olyan összetett neuropszichiátriai kórkép, melynek kezelése hazánkban elsősorban nem szakspecifikus, másodsorban pszichiátriai/addiktológiai fekvő- és járóbeteg-ellátási keretek között zajlik. Az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma egyrészről az alkoholhasználat-zavar súlyosságának egyik legfontosabb jelzője, másrészről olyan súlyos klinikai állapotok kialakulásához vezethet, mint a megvonásos konvulzív rosszullét és a delirium tremens, melyeknek igen jelentős a mortalitásuk. Ily módon az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma korai felismerése, megfelelő nyomon követése és az optimális terápia megválasztása elengedhetetlen. A jelen összefoglaló közlemény alapvető célját az elmúlt két évtized idevonatkozó szakirodalmi adatainak áttekintése és egy korszerű, egységes diagnosztikus és terápiás séma kialakítása képezte. Az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma tüneteinek felismerésében és nyomon követésében kiemelten fontos az Alkohol Megvonási Skála alkalmazása, míg rizikóbecslésében a Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale mérőeszköz javasolt. A gyógyszeres terápia alapját a benzodiazepinek képezik. A vizsgálatok többsége a diazepámot, a klórdiazepoxidot, a lorezapámot és az oxazepámot részesíti előnyben eltérő indikációval. Az elmúlt években ugyanakkor felmerült a nem benzodiazepin típusú terápia jelentősége is. A nem benzodiazepin típusú farmakonok esetén a propofol, a fenobarbitál, az antiepileptikumok közül a karbamazepin és az oxkarbamazepin, míg az alfa-2-adrenerg-receptor-agonista szerek közül a klonidin és a dexmedetomidin hatásossága emelendő ki. Továbbá megállapítható, hogy megvonásos konvulzív rosszullét és delirium tremens esetében is a benzodiazepin-terápia hatásossága az elsődleges. A jelen összefoglaló közleményben az elmúlt két évtized szakirodalmi adatainak áttekintésével korszerű, egységes diagnosztikus és terápiás séma kialakítására törekedtünk , mely egyrészről elősegítheti az alkoholhasználati zavarral küzdő páciensek ellátási színvonalának növelését, továbbá lehetőséget teremt további klinikai vizsgálatok megszervezésére. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(38): 1487–1496.
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- Language
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- https://akjournals.com/downloadpdf/journals/650/164/38/article-p1487.pdf
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- OpenAlex ID
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Az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma ellátása: új perspektívákWork title
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reviewOpenAlex work type
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huPrimary language
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2023Year of publication
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2023-09-24Full publication date if available
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Bettina Kata Kádár, Ildikó Katalin Pribék, Janka Gajdics, János Szemelyácz, Bálint Andó, Bence András LázárList of authors in order
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2024: 1, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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