B Type and Complex A/B Type Epicatechin Trimers Isolated from Litchi pericarp Aqueous Extract Show High Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity Article Swipe
Yihui Gong
,
Fang Fang
,
Xin Zhang
,
Bin Liu
,
Honghui Luo
,
Zhen Li
,
Xuelian Zhang
,
Zhaoqi Zhang
,
Xuequn Pang
·
YOU?
·
· 2018
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010301
YOU?
·
· 2018
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010301
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit is known for its rich source of phenolics. Litchi pericarp contains high levels of epicatechin that may form oligomers of various lengths. Except for several A or B type epicatechin dimers, other soluble oligomers have rarely been identified in the pericarp. Here, bioassay-guided column fractionation was applied to isolate bioactive phenolics from aqueous pericarp extract. A fraction (S3) was obtained by two rounds of Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and showed higher antioxidant activity and inhibition on the proliferation of human lung cancer cells (A549) than Litchi anthocyanins. S3 was further separated to isolate fractions P1–P4, which all showed higher antioxidant activity than vitamin C. P3 showed 32.9% inhibition on A549 cells at 30 μg/mL, higher than other fractions and cis-Dichlorodiamineplatinum (DDP, 0.5 μg/mL), but not as high as the combination of the four fractions. Using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, one B-type and complex A/B type epicatechin trimers were identified in P3; another B-type and two A/B-type trimers were identified in P4. P1 and P2, containing epicatechin and proanthocyanidin B2, respectively, showed no cell inhibition at 30 μg/mL. It is the first time that the two B type trimers of epicatechins (Litchitannin B1 and B2), have been found in Litchi species. The identified proanthocyanidins were detected in the pericarp of the young fruit, and the levels of the compounds decreased as the fruit developed, correlating to the decreasing patterns of the expression of LcLAR and LcANR, two key genes in the catechin biosynthesis pathway.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010301
- https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/1/301/pdf?version=1516377779
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
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- References
- 47
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W2788432030Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010301Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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B Type and Complex A/B Type Epicatechin Trimers Isolated from Litchi pericarp Aqueous Extract Show High Antioxidant and Anticancer ActivityWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2018Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2018-01-19Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yihui Gong, Fang Fang, Xin Zhang, Bin Liu, Honghui Luo, Zhen Li, Xuelian Zhang, Zhaoqi Zhang, Xuequn PangList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010301Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/1/301/pdf?version=1516377779Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/1/301/pdf?version=1516377779Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Chemistry, Sephadex, Antioxidant, Proanthocyanidin, Fractionation, High-performance liquid chromatography, Column chromatography, Chromatography, Food science, Polyphenol, Biochemistry, EnzymeTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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47Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 5, 2024: 7, 2023: 2, 2022: 13, 2021: 6Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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47Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.A/B | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.B2, | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.P2, | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.P3; | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.P4. | 162 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.all | 101 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.A549 | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.B2), | 195 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.32.9% | 111 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.LH-20 | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LcLAR | 234 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.LcANR, | 236 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.Sephadex | 69 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.(Litchitannin | 192 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.cis-Dichlorodiamineplatinum | 124 |
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| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5055025022, https://openalex.org/A5100771637 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 9 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I101479585, https://openalex.org/I4391768241 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
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| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |