Biofuel production, hydrogen production and water remediation by photocatalysis, biocatalysis and electrocatalysis Article Swipe
Ahmed I. Osman
,
Ahmed M. Elgarahy
,
Abdelazeem S. Eltaweil
,
Eman M. Abd El-Monaem
,
Hisham G. El-Aqapa
,
Yuri Park
,
Yuhoon Hwang
,
Ali Ayati
,
Mohamed Farghali
,
Ikko Ihara
,
Ala’a H. Al‐Muhtaseb
,
David W. Rooney
,
Pow‐Seng Yap
,
Mika Sillanpää
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7
The energy crisis and environmental pollution have recently fostered research on efficient methods such as environmental catalysis to produce biofuel and to clean water. Environmental catalysis refers to green catalysts used to breakdown pollutants or produce chemicals without generating undesirable by-products. For example, catalysts derived from waste or inexpensive materials are promising for the circular economy. Here we review environmental photocatalysis, biocatalysis, and electrocatalysis, with focus on catalyst synthesis, structure, and applications. Common catalysts include biomass-derived materials, metal–organic frameworks, non-noble metals nanoparticles, nanocomposites and enzymes. Structure characterization is done by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy. We found that water pollutants can be degraded with an efficiency ranging from 71.7 to 100%, notably by heterogeneous Fenton catalysis. Photocatalysis produced dihydrogen (H 2 ) with generation rate higher than 100 μmol h −1 . Dihydrogen yields ranged from 27 to 88% by methane cracking. Biodiesel production reached 48.6 to 99%.
Related Topics
Concepts
Catalysis
Hydrogen production
Biofuel
Photocatalysis
Environmental pollution
Environmental remediation
Chemistry
Electrocatalyst
Materials science
Waste management
Environmental science
Organic chemistry
Environmental protection
Ecology
Physical chemistry
Electrode
Engineering
Contamination
Electrochemistry
Biology
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 152
- References
- 616
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4323658281
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4323658281Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Biofuel production, hydrogen production and water remediation by photocatalysis, biocatalysis and electrocatalysisWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-03-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ahmed I. Osman, Ahmed M. Elgarahy, Abdelazeem S. Eltaweil, Eman M. Abd El-Monaem, Hisham G. El-Aqapa, Yuri Park, Yuhoon Hwang, Ali Ayati, Mohamed Farghali, Ikko Ihara, Ala’a H. Al‐Muhtaseb, David W. Rooney, Pow‐Seng Yap, Mika SillanpääList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Catalysis, Hydrogen production, Biofuel, Photocatalysis, Environmental pollution, Environmental remediation, Chemistry, Electrocatalyst, Materials science, Waste management, Environmental science, Organic chemistry, Environmental protection, Ecology, Physical chemistry, Electrode, Engineering, Contamination, Electrochemistry, BiologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
152Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 51, 2024: 80, 2023: 21Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
616Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4323658281 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4323658281 |
| fwci | 12.87399385 |
| type | article |
| title | Biofuel production, hydrogen production and water remediation by photocatalysis, biocatalysis and electrocatalysis |
| biblio.issue | 3 |
| biblio.volume | 21 |
| biblio.last_page | 1379 |
| biblio.first_page | 1315 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10078 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Energy |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| topics[0].display_name | Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10030 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Energy |
| topics[1].score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| topics[1].display_name | Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11351 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9987000226974487 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2210 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Mechanical Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3490 |
| apc_list.currency | EUR |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4590 |
| apc_paid.value | 3490 |
| apc_paid.currency | EUR |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 4590 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C161790260 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6405367851257324 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Catalysis |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C202189072 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5182957053184509 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929999 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Hydrogen production |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C53991642 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.4994642734527588 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Biofuel |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C65165184 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.4643009305000305 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Photocatalysis |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2909468537 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.45730358362197876 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Environmental pollution |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C522964758 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.44729501008987427 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Environmental remediation |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4312955141067505 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C33989665 |
| concepts[7].level | 4 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4230094254016876 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357962 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Electrocatalyst |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.40891051292419434 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C548081761 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.26560062170028687 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Waste management |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.19675445556640625 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C178790620 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.16232359409332275 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C526734887 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.09220370650291443 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Environmental protection |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C18903297 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0642080307006836 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Ecology |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C147789679 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Physical chemistry |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C17525397 |
| concepts[15].level | 2 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Electrode |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[16].level | 0 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C112570922 |
| concepts[17].level | 2 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Contamination |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C52859227 |
| concepts[18].level | 3 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Electrochemistry |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/catalysis |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6405367851257324 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Catalysis |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-production |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5182957053184509 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Hydrogen production |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biofuel |
| keywords[2].score | 0.4994642734527588 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Biofuel |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalysis |
| keywords[3].score | 0.4643009305000305 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Photocatalysis |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-pollution |
| keywords[4].score | 0.45730358362197876 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Environmental pollution |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-remediation |
| keywords[5].score | 0.44729501008987427 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Environmental remediation |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4312955141067505 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocatalyst |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4230094254016876 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Electrocatalyst |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[8].score | 0.40891051292419434 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management |
| keywords[9].score | 0.26560062170028687 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Waste management |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[10].score | 0.19675445556640625 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-chemistry |
| keywords[11].score | 0.16232359409332275 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-protection |
| keywords[12].score | 0.09220370650291443 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Environmental protection |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.0642080307006836 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Ecology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S88719806 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1610-3653, 1610-3661 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1610-3653 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | other-oa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5035770796 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-7839 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ahmed I. Osman |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00hswnk62 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Queen's University Belfast |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Ahmed I. Osman |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5076554164 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4959-2652 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Ahmed M. Elgarahy |
| authorships[1].countries | EG |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I88017793 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I88017793 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01vx5yq44 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I88017793 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | EG |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Port Said University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Ahmed M. Elgarahy |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026453999 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8912-1244 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Abdelazeem S. Eltaweil |
| authorships[2].countries | EG |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00mzz1w90 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | EG |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Alexandria University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Abdelazeem S. Eltaweil |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5064203029 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0479-0049 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Eman M. Abd El-Monaem |
| authorships[3].countries | EG |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00mzz1w90 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | EG |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Alexandria University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Eman M. Abd El-Monaem |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5070762679 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Hisham G. El-Aqapa |
| authorships[4].countries | EG |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00mzz1w90 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84524832 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | EG |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Alexandria University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Hisham G. El-Aqapa |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5010329060 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-6279 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Yuri Park |
| authorships[5].countries | KR |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00chfja07 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Seoul National University of Science and Technology |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Yuri Park |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5017786290 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-3989 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Yuhoon Hwang |
| authorships[6].countries | KR |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00chfja07 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I118373667 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Seoul National University of Science and Technology |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Yuhoon Hwang |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5008837336 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-6042 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Ali Ayati |
| authorships[7].countries | IR |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210106585 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210106585 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bt5mj78 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210106585 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Quchan University of Advanced Technology |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Ali Ayati |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5073724480 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-2750 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Mohamed Farghali |
| authorships[8].countries | JP |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio-Economics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03tgsfw79 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Kobe University |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Mohamed Farghali |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio-Economics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024902001 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-0162 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Ikko Ihara |
| authorships[9].countries | JP |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio-Economics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03tgsfw79 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I65837984 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Kobe University |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Ikko Ihara |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Agricultural Engineering and Socio-Economics, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5088902167 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-077X |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Ala’a H. Al‐Muhtaseb |
| authorships[10].countries | OM |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I47818738 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I47818738 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04wq8zb47 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I47818738 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | OM |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Sultan Qaboos University |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5103043754 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-2497 |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | David W. Rooney |
| authorships[11].countries | GB |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00hswnk62 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I126231945 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name | Queen's University Belfast |
| authorships[11].author_position | middle |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | David W. Rooney |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK |
| authorships[12].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5021385259 |
| authorships[12].author.orcid | |
| authorships[12].author.display_name | Pow‐Seng Yap |
| authorships[12].countries | CN |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I69356397 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I69356397 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zmrmn05 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I69356397 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name | Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University |
| authorships[12].author_position | middle |
| authorships[12].raw_author_name | Pow-Seng Yap |
| authorships[12].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China |
| authorships[13].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5068175005 |
| authorships[13].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-5337 |
| authorships[13].author.display_name | Mika Sillanpää |
| authorships[13].countries | ZA |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I24027795 |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I24027795 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04z6c2n17 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I24027795 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].country_code | ZA |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].display_name | University of Johannesburg |
| authorships[13].author_position | last |
| authorships[13].raw_author_name | Mika Sillanpää |
| authorships[13].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Biofuel production, hydrogen production and water remediation by photocatalysis, biocatalysis and electrocatalysis |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10078 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Energy |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| primary_topic.display_name | Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2375410627, https://openalex.org/W2131631219, https://openalex.org/W2472735067, https://openalex.org/W3054872367, https://openalex.org/W78797838, https://openalex.org/W2897817002, https://openalex.org/W2781982351, https://openalex.org/W2895938959, https://openalex.org/W2010872403, https://openalex.org/W2182465065 |
| cited_by_count | 152 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 51 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 80 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 21 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S88719806 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1610-3653, 1610-3661 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1610-3653 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | other-oa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S88719806 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1610-3653, 1610-3661 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1610-3653 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | other-oa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Environmental Chemistry Letters |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01581-7 |
| publication_date | 2023-03-10 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W4224023456, https://openalex.org/W3000696209, https://openalex.org/W3119370669, https://openalex.org/W2763876092, https://openalex.org/W2145181562, https://openalex.org/W1978680874, https://openalex.org/W4200248575, https://openalex.org/W2893447889, https://openalex.org/W3020459238, https://openalex.org/W2523503986, https://openalex.org/W2889931462, https://openalex.org/W2809101191, https://openalex.org/W3090456697, https://openalex.org/W2041784440, https://openalex.org/W3091411727, https://openalex.org/W1977327759, https://openalex.org/W2799914681, https://openalex.org/W3120710280, https://openalex.org/W2296256539, https://openalex.org/W2917487710, https://openalex.org/W3127823565, https://openalex.org/W2004466896, https://openalex.org/W3148486101, https://openalex.org/W2969069485, https://openalex.org/W2888280065, https://openalex.org/W2976948596, https://openalex.org/W1982047968, https://openalex.org/W3111410547, https://openalex.org/W2767830225, https://openalex.org/W2910856796, https://openalex.org/W2990199724, https://openalex.org/W3122848513, https://openalex.org/W3108035551, https://openalex.org/W3046730416, https://openalex.org/W2622043218, https://openalex.org/W2910024253, https://openalex.org/W2510322670, https://openalex.org/W2011489521, https://openalex.org/W1231654427, https://openalex.org/W2809651197, https://openalex.org/W2917220422, https://openalex.org/W2094190414, https://openalex.org/W1977469408, https://openalex.org/W2195303528, https://openalex.org/W2965289555, https://openalex.org/W2013028960, https://openalex.org/W4237287645, https://openalex.org/W2120326637, https://openalex.org/W3186481476, https://openalex.org/W2103325021, https://openalex.org/W2943985796, https://openalex.org/W2547665483, https://openalex.org/W2770926948, https://openalex.org/W2797770766, https://openalex.org/W2965139511, https://openalex.org/W2905468727, https://openalex.org/W4206117801, https://openalex.org/W2104648363, https://openalex.org/W3049393616, https://openalex.org/W3021468107, https://openalex.org/W2745825520, https://openalex.org/W2165822848, https://openalex.org/W2997285064, https://openalex.org/W2921440928, https://openalex.org/W3035808990, https://openalex.org/W2434139810, https://openalex.org/W2572468320, https://openalex.org/W2607003494, https://openalex.org/W2543112537, https://openalex.org/W2528593475, https://openalex.org/W2766015285, https://openalex.org/W2946438804, https://openalex.org/W2911455708, https://openalex.org/W2109325117, https://openalex.org/W2003784741, https://openalex.org/W2804756738, https://openalex.org/W2789791461, https://openalex.org/W2588775367, https://openalex.org/W2758631805, https://openalex.org/W2462459982, https://openalex.org/W1966023393, https://openalex.org/W2997555523, https://openalex.org/W3120243380, https://openalex.org/W3037321031, https://openalex.org/W2590198528, https://openalex.org/W2745173450, https://openalex.org/W2595157316, https://openalex.org/W1976013616, https://openalex.org/W2005622294, https://openalex.org/W2078107904, https://openalex.org/W2912368126, https://openalex.org/W2088997474, https://openalex.org/W2900079195, https://openalex.org/W2114604888, https://openalex.org/W2911662953, https://openalex.org/W2971494960, https://openalex.org/W2951729684, https://openalex.org/W2024250911, https://openalex.org/W2092658731, https://openalex.org/W2030689945, https://openalex.org/W1828940564, https://openalex.org/W2622672296, https://openalex.org/W2736391607, https://openalex.org/W2616059941, https://openalex.org/W2773990694, https://openalex.org/W2909104698, https://openalex.org/W2807903653, https://openalex.org/W2086440841, https://openalex.org/W2906154719, https://openalex.org/W2794942920, https://openalex.org/W2988184420, https://openalex.org/W1967383564, https://openalex.org/W2802705299, https://openalex.org/W2792017492, https://openalex.org/W2564178799, https://openalex.org/W3113448616, https://openalex.org/W2056506517, https://openalex.org/W2343795533, https://openalex.org/W2120072163, https://openalex.org/W1966354327, https://openalex.org/W3031760616, https://openalex.org/W2954923203, https://openalex.org/W3035759887, https://openalex.org/W1997301387, https://openalex.org/W1964754775, https://openalex.org/W2333514402, https://openalex.org/W2771134773, https://openalex.org/W2004241667, https://openalex.org/W1974860055, https://openalex.org/W2294795978, https://openalex.org/W2923773639, https://openalex.org/W2143625193, https://openalex.org/W2526848854, https://openalex.org/W2768361701, https://openalex.org/W2565783413, https://openalex.org/W4210372690, https://openalex.org/W2938510306, https://openalex.org/W3208151915, https://openalex.org/W2612587682, https://openalex.org/W2886407308, https://openalex.org/W3175996519, https://openalex.org/W3120116214, https://openalex.org/W2304180862, https://openalex.org/W3185527101, https://openalex.org/W3203129815, https://openalex.org/W3124518435, https://openalex.org/W2997358996, https://openalex.org/W2917933279, https://openalex.org/W3136966369, https://openalex.org/W2793334986, https://openalex.org/W2210773152, https://openalex.org/W2603449403, https://openalex.org/W2787017216, https://openalex.org/W4284698663, https://openalex.org/W3139099957, https://openalex.org/W2889223185, https://openalex.org/W2155579681, https://openalex.org/W2072701796, https://openalex.org/W3162134158, https://openalex.org/W2034022500, https://openalex.org/W2167705142, https://openalex.org/W2070740073, https://openalex.org/W2042492216, https://openalex.org/W2771104308, https://openalex.org/W4210607224, https://openalex.org/W2009141979, https://openalex.org/W2905583989, https://openalex.org/W2488311271, https://openalex.org/W2335463444, https://openalex.org/W3008148216, https://openalex.org/W4232238727, https://openalex.org/W2969908860, https://openalex.org/W3209933938, https://openalex.org/W2094129963, https://openalex.org/W2090689653, https://openalex.org/W3135014398, https://openalex.org/W2921853006, https://openalex.org/W3109595563, https://openalex.org/W2594164608, https://openalex.org/W2884234295, https://openalex.org/W2777920272, https://openalex.org/W2739375649, https://openalex.org/W3140590446, https://openalex.org/W3154510133, https://openalex.org/W1977338627, https://openalex.org/W3035096747, https://openalex.org/W2149726316, https://openalex.org/W2983778703, https://openalex.org/W2995596901, https://openalex.org/W2765383818, https://openalex.org/W3000397198, https://openalex.org/W1979529649, https://openalex.org/W3006121003, https://openalex.org/W2228940409, https://openalex.org/W2323945173, https://openalex.org/W2896372853, https://openalex.org/W2908766959, https://openalex.org/W3022538453, https://openalex.org/W2017413319, https://openalex.org/W4252988318, https://openalex.org/W3198064140, https://openalex.org/W4207006656, https://openalex.org/W3217098962, https://openalex.org/W3208269793, https://openalex.org/W19809028, https://openalex.org/W2910298640, https://openalex.org/W3005292383, https://openalex.org/W2761450620, https://openalex.org/W2561311047, https://openalex.org/W1972069428, https://openalex.org/W3003400494, https://openalex.org/W2757109874, https://openalex.org/W2100681053, https://openalex.org/W1970390268, https://openalex.org/W1973993234, https://openalex.org/W2164017033, https://openalex.org/W2735510696, https://openalex.org/W3036503542, https://openalex.org/W1978490932, https://openalex.org/W2781567760, https://openalex.org/W2949337176, https://openalex.org/W2080224381, https://openalex.org/W2100643813, https://openalex.org/W2952590886, https://openalex.org/W2621826262, https://openalex.org/W2528172484, https://openalex.org/W1982100507, https://openalex.org/W3036843990, https://openalex.org/W2947621669, https://openalex.org/W1997294137, https://openalex.org/W4244383652, https://openalex.org/W2047747215, https://openalex.org/W1987543257, https://openalex.org/W3017455774, https://openalex.org/W2220800594, https://openalex.org/W2748792308, https://openalex.org/W2883757223, https://openalex.org/W3022633195, https://openalex.org/W2061437081, https://openalex.org/W2152083272, https://openalex.org/W2922417276, https://openalex.org/W3102332995, https://openalex.org/W3217260411, https://openalex.org/W2650915363, https://openalex.org/W2936492510, https://openalex.org/W2032556055, https://openalex.org/W2729695925, https://openalex.org/W2794542538, https://openalex.org/W1974413456, https://openalex.org/W1988868407, https://openalex.org/W2330387095, https://openalex.org/W2020780235, https://openalex.org/W2087589752, https://openalex.org/W3015755728, https://openalex.org/W3098894926, https://openalex.org/W2992079773, https://openalex.org/W3007836997, https://openalex.org/W2560274704, https://openalex.org/W3082362415, https://openalex.org/W2751401831, https://openalex.org/W2405721749, https://openalex.org/W2780272356, https://openalex.org/W2081954075, https://openalex.org/W2803794284, https://openalex.org/W2981293493, https://openalex.org/W2395883883, https://openalex.org/W1854025783, https://openalex.org/W3005689408, https://openalex.org/W4200385179, https://openalex.org/W2020107131, https://openalex.org/W2407199513, https://openalex.org/W2232912761, https://openalex.org/W2524073792, https://openalex.org/W2777109607, https://openalex.org/W2796119410, https://openalex.org/W2788329757, https://openalex.org/W3091137042, https://openalex.org/W3158723421, https://openalex.org/W4200402398, https://openalex.org/W2332798554, https://openalex.org/W2089014256, https://openalex.org/W2916628311, https://openalex.org/W2936861073, https://openalex.org/W3176742192, https://openalex.org/W2290186849, https://openalex.org/W3196720780, https://openalex.org/W2148238437, https://openalex.org/W1997469134, https://openalex.org/W2126999901, https://openalex.org/W1995004090, https://openalex.org/W2129227689, https://openalex.org/W1514654193, https://openalex.org/W2756083308, https://openalex.org/W2945432848, https://openalex.org/W2998281790, https://openalex.org/W3088763569, https://openalex.org/W3084171667, https://openalex.org/W3199657918, https://openalex.org/W3204786166, https://openalex.org/W2910098183, https://openalex.org/W2126104635, https://openalex.org/W2807651307, https://openalex.org/W2964732667, https://openalex.org/W2990431197, https://openalex.org/W3112374258, https://openalex.org/W2745180143, https://openalex.org/W2792527494, https://openalex.org/W3120791449, https://openalex.org/W2036862355, https://openalex.org/W2980483911, https://openalex.org/W3117256196, https://openalex.org/W1977843732, https://openalex.org/W2950695653, https://openalex.org/W2903681825, https://openalex.org/W4210892578, https://openalex.org/W2990729932, https://openalex.org/W2884752986, https://openalex.org/W3173918628, https://openalex.org/W3025221224, https://openalex.org/W2902784692, https://openalex.org/W2589672762, https://openalex.org/W1967174584, https://openalex.org/W2550330668, https://openalex.org/W3204427982, https://openalex.org/W2034101375, https://openalex.org/W2238351122, https://openalex.org/W2762013970, https://openalex.org/W2094633534, https://openalex.org/W2799948007, https://openalex.org/W2293479500, https://openalex.org/W3176597907, https://openalex.org/W2203229899, https://openalex.org/W3046401722, https://openalex.org/W2538934593, https://openalex.org/W2888723957, https://openalex.org/W2792892989, https://openalex.org/W3123512829, https://openalex.org/W1986437020, https://openalex.org/W1986585477, https://openalex.org/W2764249581, https://openalex.org/W2014457977, https://openalex.org/W3011556388, https://openalex.org/W2509134954, https://openalex.org/W2088572935, https://openalex.org/W2903171730, https://openalex.org/W1511971837, https://openalex.org/W2104880469, https://openalex.org/W3112044089, https://openalex.org/W2298068275, https://openalex.org/W2808302226, https://openalex.org/W2596762572, https://openalex.org/W2085014905, https://openalex.org/W2059403926, https://openalex.org/W2515916241, https://openalex.org/W2548330014, https://openalex.org/W3209006723, https://openalex.org/W3123611577, https://openalex.org/W2319093595, https://openalex.org/W2905375404, https://openalex.org/W2298221168, https://openalex.org/W2760546404, https://openalex.org/W3128117699, https://openalex.org/W3097342635, https://openalex.org/W2782216341, https://openalex.org/W2020255558, https://openalex.org/W3137928978, https://openalex.org/W3153848757, https://openalex.org/W3010049757, https://openalex.org/W2585247921, https://openalex.org/W2913617204, https://openalex.org/W2051114503, https://openalex.org/W3155002139, https://openalex.org/W3162790278, https://openalex.org/W3010648800, https://openalex.org/W3097231828, https://openalex.org/W3200734502, https://openalex.org/W3186199070, https://openalex.org/W4229333942, https://openalex.org/W4307479757, https://openalex.org/W3122015059, https://openalex.org/W4210548969, https://openalex.org/W2058651293, https://openalex.org/W3122728927, https://openalex.org/W2726041746, https://openalex.org/W2908959691, https://openalex.org/W2588371307, https://openalex.org/W2011866185, https://openalex.org/W3004743656, https://openalex.org/W2478584622, https://openalex.org/W2897846365, https://openalex.org/W3176213459, https://openalex.org/W2105364103, https://openalex.org/W2147182795, https://openalex.org/W2883294709, https://openalex.org/W3087196087, https://openalex.org/W2034073227, https://openalex.org/W4313637799, https://openalex.org/W2089885775, https://openalex.org/W2922180128, https://openalex.org/W2113860028, https://openalex.org/W3015005150, https://openalex.org/W2025921536, https://openalex.org/W2016755039, https://openalex.org/W2008638359, https://openalex.org/W2789576013, https://openalex.org/W1992252010, https://openalex.org/W2558774784, https://openalex.org/W2755241028, https://openalex.org/W3190046182, https://openalex.org/W2064211939, https://openalex.org/W1969932233, https://openalex.org/W2022705683, https://openalex.org/W2621230655, https://openalex.org/W3181726798, https://openalex.org/W2893525306, https://openalex.org/W2050621902, https://openalex.org/W2017547006, https://openalex.org/W3087428733, https://openalex.org/W2899027800, https://openalex.org/W4210700616, https://openalex.org/W2001961403, https://openalex.org/W3186511303, https://openalex.org/W2031682796, https://openalex.org/W3022761741, https://openalex.org/W2103137465, https://openalex.org/W2909721668, https://openalex.org/W3048707518, https://openalex.org/W2601156675, https://openalex.org/W4223633604, https://openalex.org/W3028358218, https://openalex.org/W2083438557, https://openalex.org/W2894737174, https://openalex.org/W2075828039, https://openalex.org/W3125339695, https://openalex.org/W2573701607, https://openalex.org/W2899620685, https://openalex.org/W2892812247, https://openalex.org/W3176888234, https://openalex.org/W2017121763, https://openalex.org/W2016071223, https://openalex.org/W2149128358, https://openalex.org/W4253540135, https://openalex.org/W2327890045, https://openalex.org/W2013606637, https://openalex.org/W2573377826, https://openalex.org/W2940545379, https://openalex.org/W3198976699, https://openalex.org/W2054003633, https://openalex.org/W2122662551, https://openalex.org/W3016129593, https://openalex.org/W2277763011, https://openalex.org/W2791975358, https://openalex.org/W2999306867, https://openalex.org/W2323590679, https://openalex.org/W2052226207, https://openalex.org/W4220841049, https://openalex.org/W3215147767, https://openalex.org/W2994706284, https://openalex.org/W2780003941, https://openalex.org/W2939528009, https://openalex.org/W3025629984, https://openalex.org/W3130078249, https://openalex.org/W823842672, https://openalex.org/W2080824589, https://openalex.org/W2801324445, https://openalex.org/W4206654990, https://openalex.org/W1507218808, https://openalex.org/W2521291372, https://openalex.org/W3208826826, https://openalex.org/W4213199896, https://openalex.org/W2889480115, https://openalex.org/W2086320983, https://openalex.org/W2474988976, https://openalex.org/W2909276964, https://openalex.org/W3013302104, https://openalex.org/W2332295782, https://openalex.org/W2291154735, https://openalex.org/W2528610322, https://openalex.org/W2575823937, https://openalex.org/W2408089261, https://openalex.org/W2587025455, https://openalex.org/W2007557035, https://openalex.org/W2543036973, https://openalex.org/W2807962316, https://openalex.org/W1982250803, https://openalex.org/W2515280555, https://openalex.org/W3010091344, https://openalex.org/W2040187547, https://openalex.org/W2804714041, https://openalex.org/W2951817805, https://openalex.org/W2587308833, https://openalex.org/W2124533296, https://openalex.org/W3030469043, https://openalex.org/W2595209387, https://openalex.org/W3090116547, https://openalex.org/W2909920542, https://openalex.org/W2592880300, https://openalex.org/W3076069284, https://openalex.org/W2001736221, https://openalex.org/W3216610226, https://openalex.org/W2332818768, https://openalex.org/W2311974067, https://openalex.org/W2797539435, https://openalex.org/W2195610632, https://openalex.org/W1974041278, https://openalex.org/W3017049544, https://openalex.org/W3005538799, https://openalex.org/W2808080736, https://openalex.org/W2801417048, https://openalex.org/W3133567491, https://openalex.org/W2575316286, https://openalex.org/W2517878112, https://openalex.org/W2988738729, https://openalex.org/W4235563808, https://openalex.org/W2154359624, https://openalex.org/W2472651543, https://openalex.org/W2006080233, https://openalex.org/W2169407189, https://openalex.org/W2466191262, https://openalex.org/W2307855029, https://openalex.org/W2307591848, https://openalex.org/W2611761755, https://openalex.org/W2623923654, https://openalex.org/W2909568053, https://openalex.org/W2925974411, https://openalex.org/W2896858547, https://openalex.org/W2914481183, https://openalex.org/W3128490572, https://openalex.org/W3171417164, https://openalex.org/W3118798885, https://openalex.org/W3156239769, https://openalex.org/W3208379908, https://openalex.org/W3210749368, https://openalex.org/W3194787622, https://openalex.org/W1984334231, https://openalex.org/W2810514140, https://openalex.org/W2956738796, https://openalex.org/W2093200531, https://openalex.org/W3128159261, https://openalex.org/W3104996067, https://openalex.org/W2913603201, https://openalex.org/W2238318419, https://openalex.org/W2956149762, https://openalex.org/W3104882706, https://openalex.org/W3047933571, https://openalex.org/W2110679361, https://openalex.org/W1915957157, https://openalex.org/W2793560028, https://openalex.org/W2944407178, https://openalex.org/W2981917677, https://openalex.org/W2115266638, https://openalex.org/W3217494491, https://openalex.org/W3166435968, https://openalex.org/W1996459275, https://openalex.org/W2338929297, https://openalex.org/W2890021640, https://openalex.org/W2802064028, https://openalex.org/W2948325434, https://openalex.org/W2072064017, https://openalex.org/W1974345200, https://openalex.org/W1862949242, https://openalex.org/W2509650299, https://openalex.org/W2985202490, https://openalex.org/W3015738397, https://openalex.org/W3083758917, https://openalex.org/W3205569371, https://openalex.org/W2914555199, https://openalex.org/W2208133528, https://openalex.org/W2809876925, https://openalex.org/W2028658200, https://openalex.org/W2062429842, https://openalex.org/W2003102767, https://openalex.org/W2482129197, https://openalex.org/W2111704390, https://openalex.org/W2898065670, https://openalex.org/W2769187267, https://openalex.org/W2883600292, https://openalex.org/W2984320311, https://openalex.org/W2041831307, https://openalex.org/W2035027058, https://openalex.org/W3166176468, https://openalex.org/W2999106782, https://openalex.org/W4213050909, https://openalex.org/W2145084529, https://openalex.org/W2743639589, https://openalex.org/W3133897150, https://openalex.org/W3125159143, https://openalex.org/W2410989367, https://openalex.org/W2895276620, https://openalex.org/W3153279753, https://openalex.org/W3039293464, https://openalex.org/W2044219874, https://openalex.org/W1983510119, https://openalex.org/W2230149622, https://openalex.org/W2763342968, https://openalex.org/W2873352890, https://openalex.org/W2920930698, https://openalex.org/W2969551888, https://openalex.org/W2950344163, https://openalex.org/W3003658525, https://openalex.org/W3127336575, https://openalex.org/W3121346751, https://openalex.org/W2119805779, https://openalex.org/W2797074126, https://openalex.org/W2909630460, https://openalex.org/W2921990081, https://openalex.org/W1994934039, https://openalex.org/W1981249809, https://openalex.org/W3122789878, https://openalex.org/W2065439846, https://openalex.org/W4200045275, https://openalex.org/W2144690858, https://openalex.org/W2884130610, https://openalex.org/W2894655706, https://openalex.org/W2981055623, https://openalex.org/W3012093416 |
| referenced_works_count | 616 |
| abstract_inverted_index.) | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.. | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.h | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(H | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.27 | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 90, 116, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 11, 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 35, 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 18, 22, 28, 32, 113, 141, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.100 | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.88% | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.For | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 4, 21, 63, 71, 84, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.48.6 | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.71.7 | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.99%. | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.done | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 46, 111, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rate | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 65, 107, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−1 | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.100%, | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.X-ray | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clean | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focus | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.green | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waste | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.μmol | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Common | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Fenton | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crisis | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metals | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ranged | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refers | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water. | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.yields | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biofuel | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derived | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.include | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methane | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.notably | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produce | 19, 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ranging | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reached | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.catalyst | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circular | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.degraded | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economy. | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enzymes. | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.example, | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fostered | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recently | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Biodiesel | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Structure | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.breakdown | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.catalysis | 17, 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.catalysts | 30, 44, 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chemicals | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cracking. | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficient | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.isotherm, | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.materials | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-noble | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pollution | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promising | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Dihydrogen | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.catalysis. | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dihydrogen | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficiency | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generating | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generation | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.materials, | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pollutants | 34, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structure, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synthesis, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diffraction | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frameworks, | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inexpensive | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.undesirable | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by-products. | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Environmental | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applications. | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biocatalysis, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.environmental | 5, 16, 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heterogeneous | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photoelectron | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy. | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Photocatalysis | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanocomposites | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanoparticles, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomass-derived | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metal–organic | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photocatalysis, | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterization | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.electrocatalysis, | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thermogravimetry, | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Brunauer–Emmett–Teller | 91 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 100 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 99 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5068175005, https://openalex.org/A5021385259 |
| countries_distinct_count | 8 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 14 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I24027795, https://openalex.org/I69356397 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.4000000059604645 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Responsible consumption and production |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.99381828 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | True |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |