Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review Article Swipe
Ricardo A. Torres‐Guzman
,
Francisco R. Ávila
,
Karla C. Maita
,
John P. Garcia
,
Gioacchino D. De Sario Velasquez
,
Sahar Borna
,
Abdullah S. Eldaly
,
Alfredo Quiñones‐Hinojosa
,
Abba C. Zubair
,
Olivia A. Ho
,
Antonio J. Forte
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064
Background: The use of bone morphogenic protein and mesenchymal stem cells has shown promise in promoting bone regeneration in calvarial defects. However, a systematic review of the available literature is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this approach. Methods: We comprehensively searched electronic databases using MeSH terms related to skull defects, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and bone morphogenic proteins. Eligible studies included animal studies that used BMP therapy and mesenchymal stem cells to promote bone regeneration in calvarial defects. Reviews, conference articles, book chapters, and non-English language studies were excluded. Two independent investigators conducted the search and data extraction. Results: Twenty-three studies published between 2010 and 2022 met our inclusion criteria after a full-text review of the forty-five records found in the search. Eight of the 23 studies used mice as models, while 15 used rats. The most common mesenchymal stem cell was bone marrow-derived, followed by adipose-derived. BMP-2 was the most popular. Stem cells were embedded in Scaffold (13), Transduction (7), and Transfection (3), and they were delivered BMP to cells. Each treatment used 2 × 104–1 × 107 mesenchymal stem cells, averaging 2.26 × 106. Most BMP-transduced MSC studies used lentivirus. Conclusions: This systematic review examined BMP and MSC synergy in biomaterial scaffolds or alone. BMP therapy and mesenchymal stem cells in calvarial defects, alone, or with a scaffold regenerated bone. This method treats skull defects in clinical trials. The best scaffold material, therapeutic dosage, administration method, and long-term side effects need further study.
Related Topics
Concepts
Mesenchymal stem cell
Medicine
Stem cell
Bone morphogenetic protein
Stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair
Bone marrow
Bone morphogenetic protein 2
Pathology
Cell biology
Adult stem cell
Endothelial stem cell
Biology
In vitro
Biochemistry
Gene
Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064
- https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 10
- References
- 44
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4381089890
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4381089890Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic ReviewWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-06-15Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ricardo A. Torres‐Guzman, Francisco R. Ávila, Karla C. Maita, John P. Garcia, Gioacchino D. De Sario Velasquez, Sahar Borna, Abdullah S. Eldaly, Alfredo Quiñones‐Hinojosa, Abba C. Zubair, Olivia A. Ho, Antonio J. ForteList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Mesenchymal stem cell, Medicine, Stem cell, Bone morphogenetic protein, Stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair, Bone marrow, Bone morphogenetic protein 2, Pathology, Cell biology, Adult stem cell, Endothelial stem cell, Biology, In vitro, Biochemistry, GeneTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
10Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 3, 2024: 4, 2023: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
44Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4381089890 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37373757 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4381089890 |
| fwci | 3.75682304 |
| type | review |
| title | Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review |
| biblio.issue | 12 |
| biblio.volume | 12 |
| biblio.last_page | 4064 |
| biblio.first_page | 4064 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10176 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9936000108718872 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2716 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Genetics |
| topics[0].display_name | Mesenchymal stem cell research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11570 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9908000230789185 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2748 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Urology |
| topics[1].display_name | Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10059 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9855999946594238 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2204 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Biomedical Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Bone Tissue Engineering Materials |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2400 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2598 |
| apc_paid.value | 2400 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2598 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C198826908 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8494900465011597 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1922379 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Mesenchymal stem cell |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7015683054924011 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C28328180 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.654607355594635 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Stem cell |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C31507581 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.4746437966823578 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425383 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Bone morphogenetic protein |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C13685319 |
| concepts[4].level | 5 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4720728397369385 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7607302 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2780007613 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4720034599304199 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546523 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Bone marrow |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C30352789 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4225202202796936 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14903153 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C142724271 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.35876476764678955 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Pathology |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C95444343 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.3486754298210144 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Cell biology |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C20875687 |
| concepts[9].level | 4 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.32638925313949585 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642600 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Adult stem cell |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C123012128 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.21622204780578613 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376430 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Endothelial stem cell |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.1549326777458191 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C202751555 |
| concepts[12].level | 2 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.09482750296592712 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681 |
| concepts[12].display_name | In vitro |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.04871225357055664 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Biochemistry |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C104317684 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Gene |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mesenchymal-stem-cell |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8494900465011597 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Mesenchymal stem cell |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7015683054924011 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell |
| keywords[2].score | 0.654607355594635 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Stem cell |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-morphogenetic-protein |
| keywords[3].score | 0.4746437966823578 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Bone morphogenetic protein |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell-transplantation-for-articular-cartilage-repair |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4720728397369385 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4720034599304199 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Bone marrow |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-morphogenetic-protein-2 |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4225202202796936 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology |
| keywords[7].score | 0.35876476764678955 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Pathology |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology |
| keywords[8].score | 0.3486754298210144 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Cell biology |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-stem-cell |
| keywords[9].score | 0.32638925313949585 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Adult stem cell |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-stem-cell |
| keywords[10].score | 0.21622204780578613 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Endothelial stem cell |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.1549326777458191 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro |
| keywords[12].score | 0.09482750296592712 |
| keywords[12].display_name | In vitro |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry |
| keywords[13].score | 0.04871225357055664 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Biochemistry |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2737969411 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2077-0383 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2077-0383 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:37373757 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of clinical medicine |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37373757 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10298978 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10298978/pdf/jcm-12-04064.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | J Clin Med |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10298978 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-0383/12/12/4064/ |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 4064 |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037716013 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4546-551X |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ricardo A. Torres‐Guzman |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Ricardo A. Torres-Guzman |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5023838464 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-1367 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Francisco R. Ávila |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Francisco R. Avila |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058458867 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-6899 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Karla C. Maita |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Karla C. Maita |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5112939506 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | John P. Garcia |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | John P. Garcia |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5003571632 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7682-2438 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Gioacchino D. De Sario Velasquez |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Gioacchino D. De Sario |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5044137665 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7845-7356 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Sahar Borna |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Sahar Borna |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5015389321 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-311X |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Abdullah S. Eldaly |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Abdullah S. Eldaly |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5029294194 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-5968 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Alfredo Quiñones‐Hinojosa |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038707560 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-4740 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Abba C. Zubair |
| authorships[8].countries | US |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Transfusion Medicines and Stem Cell Therapy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Abba C. Zubair |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Transfusion Medicines and Stem Cell Therapy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020898570 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7477-0855 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Olivia A. Ho |
| authorships[9].countries | US |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Olivia A. Ho |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5056645212 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-7538 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Antonio J. Forte |
| authorships[10].countries | US |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03zzw1w08 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Florida |
| authorships[10].author_position | last |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Antonio J. Forte |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA, Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10176 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9936000108718872 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2716 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Genetics |
| primary_topic.display_name | Mesenchymal stem cell research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2411026168, https://openalex.org/W4242486335, https://openalex.org/W2379251017, https://openalex.org/W3046968286, https://openalex.org/W3147755266, https://openalex.org/W2052621786, https://openalex.org/W2361331287, https://openalex.org/W2165658291, https://openalex.org/W2998776316, https://openalex.org/W2137205869 |
| cited_by_count | 10 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2737969411 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2077-0383 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2077-0383 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2737969411 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2077-0383 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2077-0383 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/12/4064/pdf?version=1686822190 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064 |
| publication_date | 2023-06-15 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2595523773, https://openalex.org/W2031489396, https://openalex.org/W4244095134, https://openalex.org/W3085579791, https://openalex.org/W3123893780, https://openalex.org/W1773991780, https://openalex.org/W2086188642, https://openalex.org/W2511855551, https://openalex.org/W2068720223, https://openalex.org/W4291302483, https://openalex.org/W2284154101, https://openalex.org/W2157925019, https://openalex.org/W2808252058, https://openalex.org/W2947958995, https://openalex.org/W2883555006, https://openalex.org/W1494100817, https://openalex.org/W2004376369, https://openalex.org/W2029427411, https://openalex.org/W2884294099, https://openalex.org/W1969263340, https://openalex.org/W2988127120, https://openalex.org/W1893715673, https://openalex.org/W3048741126, https://openalex.org/W4243969957, https://openalex.org/W2052018911, https://openalex.org/W2048486538, https://openalex.org/W3042105277, https://openalex.org/W2583356399, https://openalex.org/W2892313859, https://openalex.org/W2261324366, https://openalex.org/W4302283898, https://openalex.org/W6628215534, https://openalex.org/W2965698862, https://openalex.org/W2887439803, https://openalex.org/W1278340792, https://openalex.org/W2405106054, https://openalex.org/W2130607897, https://openalex.org/W1962351050, https://openalex.org/W2030913739, https://openalex.org/W2088398635, https://openalex.org/W2057408046, https://openalex.org/W2605187236, https://openalex.org/W2142869258, https://openalex.org/W2126173958 |
| referenced_works_count | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 22, 113, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.15 | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.23 | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 14, 18, 77, 121, 158, 203, 214, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 3, 25, 35, 116, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 206, 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 31, 48, 73, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.× | 177, 179, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.107 | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BMP | 67, 170, 199, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MSC | 190, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1, 137, 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Two | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 7, 56, 69, 85, 97, 106, 163, 166, 200, 210, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.met | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 26, 33, 95, 117, 122, 126, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 143, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3), | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(7), | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.106. | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2.26 | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2010 | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2022 | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Each | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MeSH | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Stem | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 195, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.best | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bone | 4, 16, 51, 57, 75, 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.book | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mice | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 138, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.side | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stem | 9, 54, 71, 141, 182, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.they | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 66, 129, 135, 175, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 89, 156, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(13), | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BMP-2 | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Eight | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bone. | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 10, 72, 155, 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rats. | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shown | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.skull | 49, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.terms | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alone, | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alone. | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.animal | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells, | 55, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells. | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marrow | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needed | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 24, 115, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.search | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study. | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treats | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.104–1 | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defects | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dosage, | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method, | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models, | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promise | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promote | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.records | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.related | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.search. | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 61, 64, 88, 102, 128, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synergy | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapy | 68, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trials. | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Eligible | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods: | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Reviews, | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Scaffold | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.criteria | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defects, | 50, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defects. | 20, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficacy | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.embedded | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examined | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.followed | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.language | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.popular. | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scaffold | 221, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.searched | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach. | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.articles, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.available | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.averaging | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calvarial | 19, 78, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chapters, | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.databases | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivered | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excluded. | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.full-text | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inclusion | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.long-term | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.material, | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promoting | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proteins. | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.published | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scaffolds | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conference | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.electronic | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forty-five | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.literature | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systematic | 23, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomaterial | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extraction. | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.independent | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lentivirus. | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mesenchymal | 8, 53, 70, 140, 181, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.morphogenic | 5, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-English | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regenerated | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapeutic | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transduction | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transfection | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Twenty-three | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regeneration | 17, 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigators | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BMP-transduced | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.administration | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensively | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marrow-derived, | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adipose-derived. | 148 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 96 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5056645212 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 11 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210146710 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6800000071525574 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Quality Education |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.92509607 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |