Bovine Leptospirosis: Serology, Isolation, and Risk Factors in Dairy Farms of La Laguna, Mexico Article Swipe
Alejandra María Pescador-Gutiérrez
,
Jesús Francisco Chávez-Sánchez
,
Lucio Galavíz-Silva
,
Juan J. Zárate-Ramos
,
J. P. V. Villarreal
,
Sergio Eduardo Bernal-García
,
Uziel Castillo-Velázquez
,
Rubén Cervantes-Vega
,
Ramiro Ávalos-Ramírez
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081224
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081224
Leptospirosis is a globally significant zoonosis affecting animal health, productivity, and the environment. While typically associated with tropical climates, its persistence in semi-arid regions such as La Laguna, Mexico—characterized by low humidity, high temperatures, and limited water sources—remains poorly understood. Although these adverse environmental conditions theoretically limit the survival of Leptospira, high livestock density and synanthropic reservoirs (e.g., rodents) may compensate, facilitating transmission. In this cross-sectional study, blood sera from 445 dairy cows (28 herds: 12 intensive [MI], 16 semi-intensive [MSI] systems) were analyzed via microscopic agglutination testing (MAT) against 10 pathogenic serovars. Urine samples were cultured for active Leptospira detection. Risk factors were assessed through epidemiological surveys and multivariable analysis. This study revealed an overall apparent seroprevalence of 27.0% (95% CI: 22.8–31.1), with significantly higher rates in MSI (54.1%) versus MI (12.2%) herds (p < 0.001) and an estimated true seroprevalence of 56.3% (95% CI: 50.2–62.1) in MSI and 13.1% (95% CI: 8.5–18.7) in MI herds (p < 0.001). The Sejroe serogroup was isolated from urine in both systems, confirming active circulation. In MI herds, rodent presence (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: 1.6–7.9) was identified as a risk factor for Leptospira seropositivity, while first-trimester abortions (OR:10.1; 95% CI: 4.2–24.2) were significantly associated with infection. In MSI herds, risk factors associated with Leptospira seropositivity included co-occurrence with hens (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.5–5.3) and natural breeding (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1–3.9), whereas mastitis/agalactiae (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.5–5.2) represented a clinical outcome associated with seropositivity. Despite semi-arid conditions, Leptospira maintains transmission in La Laguna, particularly in semi-intensive systems. The coexistence of adapted (Sejroe) and incidental serogroups underscores the need for targeted interventions, such as rodent control in MI systems and poultry management in MSI systems, to mitigate both zoonotic and economic impacts.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081224
- https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/8/1224/pdf?version=1754129246
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 64
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412889841
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4412889841Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081224Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Bovine Leptospirosis: Serology, Isolation, and Risk Factors in Dairy Farms of La Laguna, MexicoWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-08-02Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Alejandra María Pescador-Gutiérrez, Jesús Francisco Chávez-Sánchez, Lucio Galavíz-Silva, Juan J. Zárate-Ramos, J. P. V. Villarreal, Sergio Eduardo Bernal-García, Uziel Castillo-Velázquez, Rubén Cervantes-Vega, Ramiro Ávalos-RamírezList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081224Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/8/1224/pdf?version=1754129246Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/8/1224/pdf?version=1754129246Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Leptospirosis, Leptospira, Seroprevalence, Herd, Zoonosis, Veterinary medicine, Serology, Serotype, Risk factor, Epidemiology, Biology, Medicine, Animal science, Internal medicine, Immunology, AntibodyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
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64Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.epidemiological | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first-trimester | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seropositivity, | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seropositivity. | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sources—remains | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mastitis/agalactiae | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mexico—characterized | 28 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5092459434, https://openalex.org/A5061935296 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 9 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I169046204 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.35082475 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |