Bringing weak transitions to light Article Swipe
Yu He
,
Xiao‐Min Tong
,
Shuyuan Hu
,
Gergana D. Borisova
,
Hao Liang
,
Maximilian Hartmann
,
Veit Stooß
,
Chunhai Lyu
,
Zoltán Harman
,
Christoph H. Keitel
,
Kenneth J. Schäfer
,
Mette B. Gaarde
,
Christian Ott
,
Thomas Pfeifer
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9
Weak transitions between quantum states are of fundamental importance for a broad range of phenomena from analytical biochemistry to precision physics, but generally challenge experimental detection. Due to their small cross sections scaling with the absolute square of their transition matrix elements, spectroscopic measurements often fail in particular in the presence of competing background processes. Here we introduce a general concept to break this scaling law and enhance the transition probability by exploiting a stronger laser-coupled pathway to the same excited state. We demonstrate the concept experimentally by attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in helium atoms. The quasi-forbidden transitions from the ground state 1 s 2 to the weakly coupled doubly excited 2 p 3 d and s p 2,4− states are boosted by an order of magnitude. Enhancing single-photon-suppressed transitions can find widespread applicability, from spectral diagnostics of complex molecules in life and chemical sciences to precision spectroscopy of weak transitions in metastable atomic nuclei in the search for new physics.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 38
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4411497317
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4411497317Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Bringing weak transitions to lightWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-06-20Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yu He, Xiao‐Min Tong, Shuyuan Hu, Gergana D. Borisova, Hao Liang, Maximilian Hartmann, Veit Stooß, Chunhai Lyu, Zoltán Harman, Christoph H. Keitel, Kenneth J. Schäfer, Mette B. Gaarde, Christian Ott, Thomas PfeiferList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Metastability, Excited state, Spectroscopy, Physics, Scaling, Ground state, Atomic physics, Optical physics, Photon, Attosecond, Laser, Quantum mechanics, Plasma, Ultrashort pulse, Geometry, MathematicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
38Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4411497317 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40541938 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4411497317 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | Bringing weak transitions to light |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 16 |
| biblio.last_page | 5322 |
| biblio.first_page | 5322 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10566 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3107 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics |
| topics[0].display_name | Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10425 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[1].score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3107 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics |
| topics[1].display_name | Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11177 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[2].score | 0.9993000030517578 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3107 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics |
| topics[2].display_name | Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3920 |
| apc_list.currency | GBP |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4808 |
| apc_paid.value | 3920 |
| apc_paid.currency | GBP |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 4808 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C89464430 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7975860834121704 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Metastability |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C181500209 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7465836405754089 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215328 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Excited state |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C32891209 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6810006499290466 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Spectroscopy |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6623570322990417 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C99844830 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.6438302397727966 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Scaling |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C69523127 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5979057550430298 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Ground state |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C184779094 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5943065881729126 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Atomic physics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C103862110 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5379126667976379 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151533 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Optical physics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C159317903 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4273698925971985 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Photon |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C143357915 |
| concepts[9].level | 4 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4225625991821289 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2483628 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Attosecond |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C520434653 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.374463826417923 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Laser |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C62520636 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.24568843841552734 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Quantum mechanics |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C82706917 |
| concepts[12].level | 2 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.08699110150337219 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Plasma |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C178596936 |
| concepts[13].level | 3 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844471 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Ultrashort pulse |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C2524010 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Geometry |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/metastability |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7975860834121704 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Metastability |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/excited-state |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7465836405754089 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Excited state |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroscopy |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6810006499290466 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Spectroscopy |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6623570322990417 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling |
| keywords[4].score | 0.6438302397727966 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Scaling |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-state |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5979057550430298 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Ground state |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-physics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5943065881729126 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Atomic physics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-physics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5379126667976379 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Optical physics |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/photon |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4273698925971985 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Photon |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/attosecond |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4225625991821289 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Attosecond |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/laser |
| keywords[10].score | 0.374463826417923 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Laser |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics |
| keywords[11].score | 0.24568843841552734 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Quantum mechanics |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma |
| keywords[12].score | 0.08699110150337219 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Plasma |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S64187185 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2041-1723 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2041-1723 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Nature Communications |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319908 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Nature Portfolio |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319908, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Nature Portfolio, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Nature Communications |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:40541938 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Nature communications |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40541938 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:20f73d985bd545e6afd6ac1424a2ba56 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Nature Communications, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2025) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/20f73d985bd545e6afd6ac1424a2ba56 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12181367 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Nat Commun |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12181367 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5001690837 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-0176 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Yu He |
| authorships[0].countries | DE |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Yu He |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5032871790 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-3491 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Xiao‐Min Tong |
| authorships[1].countries | JP |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I146399215 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I146399215 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02956yf07 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I146399215 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of Tsukuba |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Xiao-Min Tong |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5033542982 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Shuyuan Hu |
| authorships[2].countries | DE |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Shuyuan Hu |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058738929 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3558-3093 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Gergana D. Borisova |
| authorships[3].countries | DE |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Gergana D Borisova |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5119756553 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-2634 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Hao Liang |
| authorships[4].countries | DE |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210111875 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Dresden, Germany. |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210111875 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bf9rw71 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210111875 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Hao Liang |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Dresden, Germany. |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5017169240 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-9368 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Maximilian Hartmann |
| authorships[5].countries | DE |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Maximilian Hartmann |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5036551131 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3165-2741 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Veit Stooß |
| authorships[6].countries | DE |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Veit Stooß |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5063371556 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-6385 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Chunhai Lyu |
| authorships[7].countries | DE |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Chunhai Lyu |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5112874938 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Zoltán Harman |
| authorships[8].countries | DE |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Zoltán Harman |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5089648617 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1984-1470 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Christoph H. Keitel |
| authorships[9].countries | DE |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Christoph H Keitel |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016748906 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4740-9113 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Kenneth J. Schäfer |
| authorships[10].countries | US |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05ect4e57 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Louisiana State University |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Kenneth J Schafer |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084062336 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7815-5534 |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Mette B. Gaarde |
| authorships[11].countries | US |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05ect4e57 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I121820613 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name | Louisiana State University |
| authorships[11].author_position | middle |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Mette B Gaarde |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. |
| authorships[12].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5079572040 |
| authorships[12].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-0916 |
| authorships[12].author.display_name | Christian Ott |
| authorships[12].countries | DE |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[12].author_position | middle |
| authorships[12].raw_author_name | Christian Ott |
| authorships[12].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| authorships[13].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038592632 |
| authorships[13].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5312-3747 |
| authorships[13].author.display_name | Thomas Pfeifer |
| authorships[13].countries | DE |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/052d0h423 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210156266 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
| authorships[13].author_position | last |
| authorships[13].raw_author_name | Thomas Pfeifer |
| authorships[13].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings | Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany. [email protected]. |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Bringing weak transitions to light |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-23T05:10:03.516525 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10566 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3107 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics |
| primary_topic.display_name | Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W1970303241, https://openalex.org/W2017366283, https://openalex.org/W2085014818, https://openalex.org/W2068731836, https://openalex.org/W1988846405, https://openalex.org/W2019234722, https://openalex.org/W4283211426, https://openalex.org/W3098915684, https://openalex.org/W2329540133, https://openalex.org/W2331032588 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S64187185 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2041-1723 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2041-1723 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Nature Communications |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319908 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Nature Portfolio |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319908, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Nature Portfolio, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Nature Communications |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S64187185 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2041-1723 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2041-1723 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Nature Communications |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319908 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Nature Portfolio |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319908, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Nature Portfolio, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60701-9.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Nature Communications |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60701-9 |
| publication_date | 2025-06-20 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2945884165, https://openalex.org/W4377989966, https://openalex.org/W4396219101, https://openalex.org/W4400240450, https://openalex.org/W4397028076, https://openalex.org/W4402221022, https://openalex.org/W3038005166, https://openalex.org/W2055551343, https://openalex.org/W2025660613, https://openalex.org/W1963565324, https://openalex.org/W4247454945, https://openalex.org/W1974050730, https://openalex.org/W2052979335, https://openalex.org/W1987150718, https://openalex.org/W2946275136, https://openalex.org/W2036983463, https://openalex.org/W2026406400, https://openalex.org/W2025668193, https://openalex.org/W2087019043, https://openalex.org/W2057758931, https://openalex.org/W1981611866, https://openalex.org/W2088616428, https://openalex.org/W2012581052, https://openalex.org/W2282517226, https://openalex.org/W2089432956, https://openalex.org/W4404061159, https://openalex.org/W2068564602, https://openalex.org/W2607660400, https://openalex.org/W638809954, https://openalex.org/W2602600633, https://openalex.org/W2949651658, https://openalex.org/W3000743752, https://openalex.org/W4406002267, https://openalex.org/W2090540492, https://openalex.org/W2108352169, https://openalex.org/W2018850201, https://openalex.org/W4235744526, https://openalex.org/W4400690924 |
| referenced_works_count | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 105, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3 | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 11, 59, 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.d | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p | 113, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.s | 104, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 72, 88, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 47, 49, 93, 141, 152, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 7, 14, 38, 52, 126, 138, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 19, 28, 62, 78, 106, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Due | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 67, 116, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 6, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 10, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.law | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 35, 50, 69, 79, 85, 100, 107, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Weak | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fail | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.find | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 16, 99, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.same | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weak | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.break | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.broad | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.often | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.order | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.small | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.state | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 29, 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2,4− | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.atomic | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.atoms. | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.doubly | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ground | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.helium | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.matrix | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nuclei | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.search | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.square | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.state. | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.states | 5, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weakly | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.boosted | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concept | 61, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coupled | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhance | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excited | 81, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.general | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathway | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantum | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scaling | 33, 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.absolute | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chemical | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physics, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physics. | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presence | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sciences | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sections | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectral | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stronger | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Enhancing | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenge | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.competing | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elements, | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generally | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.introduce | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.molecules | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomena | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.precision | 20, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transient | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.absorption | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analytical | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attosecond | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.background | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detection. | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploiting | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.magnitude. | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metastable | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particular | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.processes. | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transition | 40, 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.widespread | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnostics | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fundamental | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.probability | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transitions | 2, 98, 130, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biochemistry | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experimental | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy | 92, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.laser-coupled | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopic | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applicability, | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experimentally | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quasi-forbidden | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-photon-suppressed | 129 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 3 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 14 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6899999976158142 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Peace, Justice and strong institutions |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.19605558 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |