Calcium oxalate crystals in cacao trees and their interactions with cadmium Article Swipe
Fabien Letort
,
Eduardo Chávez
,
Hester Blommaert
,
Sylvain Campillo
,
Sabine Sentenac
,
Delphine Tisserand
,
Rachel W. Martin
,
Simona Denti
,
Géraldine Sarret
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499
Cadmium (Cd) concentrations in cacao beans from Latin America often exceed limits for trading. A better understanding of the mechanisms of Cd accumulation in Theobroma cacao L. trees is necessary to advance mitigation strategies. Recent studies on a high Cd accumulating cultivar of cacao revealed that calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals were involved in Cd accumulation in the branches. The purpose of this study was to quantify soluble and crystalline oxalate in cacao compartments, to characterize their morphology and distribution in the tissues, and to evaluate the relationship between CaOx and Cd total concentrations in each plant compartment. Two representative cultivars from Latin America (CCN-51 and Nacional) were studied. CCN-51 trees grew on soils with low and high total Cd contents (0.120 ± 0.002 and 2.59 ± 0.48 mg kg⁻1, respectively), and Nacional trees grew on soils with low Cd content (0.188 ± 0.005 mg kg⁻1). Oxalate was present in all organs of the two cultivars. In mature leaves, oxalate content exceeded the limit of 5% per dry weight used to define extreme oxalate accumulators. The crystalline form predominated in branches and mature leaves (82-92%), whereas the soluble form predominated in nibs (67-82%). Calcium oxalate crystal size varied from 2 = 0.77, p = 0.002) and roots (R2 = 0.71, p = 0.005), whereas in nibs, the oxalate content was almost constant among conditions. The possible roles of CaOx crystals in the cacao plant, including Ca regulation, protection against herbivory, tissue stiffening and Cd detoxification are discussed.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 3
- References
- 40
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- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4406288775Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Calcium oxalate crystals in cacao trees and their interactions with cadmiumWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-01-12Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Fabien Letort, Eduardo Chávez, Hester Blommaert, Sylvain Campillo, Sabine Sentenac, Delphine Tisserand, Rachel W. Martin, Simona Denti, Géraldine SarretList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109499Direct OA link when available
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Oxalate, Calcium oxalate, Theobroma, Cadmium, Cultivar, Horticulture, Chemistry, Botany, Soil water, Calcium, Biology, Inorganic chemistry, Ecology, Organic chemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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3Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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