Calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis of a SWAT water quality model Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x
Sediment and nutrient pollution in water bodies is threatening human health and the ecosystem, due to rapid land use changes and improper agricultural practices. The impact of the nonpoint source pollution needs to be evaluated for the sustainable use of water resources. An ideal tool like the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) can assess the impact of pollutant loads on the drainage area, which could be beneficial for developing a water quality management model. This study aims to evaluate the SWAT model’s multi-objective and multivariable calibration, validation, and uncertainty analysis at three different sites of the Yarra River drainage area in Victoria, Australia. The drainage area is split into 51 subdrainage areas in the SWAT model. The model is calibrated and validated for streamflow from 1990 to 2008 and sediment and nutrients from 1998 to 2008. The results show that most of the monthly and annual calibration and validation for streamflow, nutrients, and sediment at the three selected sites are found with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values greater than 0.50. Furthermore, the uncertainty analysis of the model shows satisfactory results where the p-factor value is reliable by considering 95% prediction uncertainty and the d-factor value is close to zero. The model's results indicate that the model performs well in the river's watershed, which helps construct a water quality management model. Finally, the model application in the cost-effective management of water quality might reduce pollution in water bodies due to land use and agricultural activities, which would be beneficial to water management managers.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdf
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 10
- References
- 33
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4393317819
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4393317819Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-xDigital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis of a SWAT water quality modelWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-03-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sushil K. Das, Amimul Ahsan, Md. Habibur Rahman Bejoy Khan, Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz, Shakil Ahmed, Monzur Alam Imteaz, Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq, Md. Shafiquzzaman, A. W. M Ng, Nadhir Al‐AnsariList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-xPublisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Calibration, Water quality, Environmental science, Quality (philosophy), Hydrogeology, Model validation, SWAT model, Water resource management, Reliability engineering, Computer science, Engineering, Civil engineering, Statistics, Mathematics, Geotechnical engineering, Data science, Philosophy, Biology, Ecology, Epistemology, Land useTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
10Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 9, 2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
33Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4393317819 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4393317819 |
| fwci | 3.96939812 |
| type | article |
| title | Calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis of a SWAT water quality model |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 14 |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10330 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[0].score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2312 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Water Science and Technology |
| topics[0].display_name | Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11490 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9951000213623047 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2305 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Environmental Engineering |
| topics[1].display_name | Hydrological Forecasting Using AI |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10894 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[2].score | 0.9919000267982483 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2305 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Environmental Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Groundwater flow and contamination studies |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C165838908 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6982265710830688 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Calibration |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2780797713 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5954486727714539 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Water quality |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5703771114349365 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2779530757 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5149603486061096 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Quality (philosophy) |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C33556824 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5131397843360901 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179509 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Hydrogeology |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C3019813237 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4811783730983734 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65089264 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Model validation |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2780623283 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.47059810161590576 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7395158 |
| concepts[6].display_name | SWAT model |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C524765639 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.39502114057540894 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Water resource management |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C200601418 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.3753093183040619 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Reliability engineering |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.361873984336853 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.26944461464881897 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C147176958 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.207565575838089 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Civil engineering |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.175205260515213 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Statistics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.15978211164474487 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C187320778 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.07517379522323608 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Geotechnical engineering |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C2522767166 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.07470011711120605 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Data science |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C138885662 |
| concepts[16].level | 0 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Philosophy |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C18903297 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Ecology |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C111472728 |
| concepts[19].level | 1 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Epistemology |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C4792198 |
| concepts[20].level | 2 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Land use |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6982265710830688 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Calibration |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5954486727714539 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Water quality |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5703771114349365 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/quality |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5149603486061096 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Quality (philosophy) |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogeology |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5131397843360901 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Hydrogeology |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/model-validation |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4811783730983734 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Model validation |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/swat-model |
| keywords[6].score | 0.47059810161590576 |
| keywords[6].display_name | SWAT model |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/water-resource-management |
| keywords[7].score | 0.39502114057540894 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Water resource management |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering |
| keywords[8].score | 0.3753093183040619 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Reliability engineering |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[9].score | 0.361873984336853 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[10].score | 0.26944461464881897 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering |
| keywords[11].score | 0.207565575838089 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Civil engineering |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.175205260515213 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Statistics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[13].score | 0.15978211164474487 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering |
| keywords[14].score | 0.07517379522323608 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Geotechnical engineering |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science |
| keywords[15].score | 0.07470011711120605 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Data science |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764931087 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2190-5487, 2190-5495 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2190-5487 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Applied Water Science |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | other-oa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Applied Water Science |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:eprints.vu.edu.au:48629 |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400215 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I41156924 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | Victoria University of Wellington |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I41156924 |
| locations[1].license | cc-by |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | PeerReviewed |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://vuir.vu.edu.au/48629/ |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:DiVA.org:ltu-104926 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400013 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | Publications (Konstfack University of Arts, Crafts, and Design) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I218177685 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | University College of Arts Crafts and Design |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I218177685 |
| locations[2].license | other-oa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-104926 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c15483c7fd7c4f2eb620e835e2d87db0 |
| locations[3].is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[3].license | |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | article |
| locations[3].license_id | |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Applied Water Science, Vol 14, Iss 4, Pp 1-15 (2024) |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/c15483c7fd7c4f2eb620e835e2d87db0 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072652649 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4864-3940 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Sushil K. Das |
| authorships[0].countries | AU |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I71270174 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I71270174 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j757h98 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I71270174 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Victoria University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Sushil K. Das |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5032942450 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0015-6123 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Amimul Ahsan |
| authorships[1].countries | BD |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/057gnqw22 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | BD |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Islamic University of Technology |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Amimul Ahsan |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5008146404 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7175-3507 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Md. Habibur Rahman Bejoy Khan |
| authorships[2].countries | BD |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/057gnqw22 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I59805279 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | BD |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Islamic University of Technology |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Md. Habibur Rahman Bejoy Khan |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024471593 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-836X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz |
| authorships[3].countries | AU |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I196829312 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I196829312 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01rxfrp27 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I196829312 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | La Trobe University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5075130175 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1669-6941 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Shakil Ahmed |
| authorships[4].countries | BD |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I885507782 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I885507782 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05p0tzt32 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I885507782 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | BD |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | East West University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Shakil Ahmed |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5014626190 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-3157 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Monzur Alam Imteaz |
| authorships[5].countries | AU |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57093077 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57093077 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/031rekg67 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57093077 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Swinburne University of Technology |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Monzur Imteaz |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5060479743 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-7310 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq |
| authorships[6].countries | PK |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I142732210 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I142732210 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0051w2v06 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I142732210 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | PK |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | University of Engineering and Technology Lahore |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5049337180 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0226-9823 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Md. Shafiquzzaman |
| authorships[7].countries | SA |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I156216236 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I156216236 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01wsfe280 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I156216236 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Qassim University |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Md. Shafiquzzaman |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038361205 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-9068 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | A. W. M Ng |
| authorships[8].countries | AU |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I29894533 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Science and Technology, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan, Dr, Brinkin, NT, 0810, Australia |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I29894533 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/048zcaj52 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I29894533 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Charles Darwin University |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Anne W. M. Ng |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Science and Technology, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan, Dr, Brinkin, NT, 0810, Australia |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5070829177 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6790-2653 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Nadhir Al‐Ansari |
| authorships[9].countries | SE |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I190632392 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 971 87, Lulea, Sweden |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I190632392 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/016st3p78 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I190632392 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | SE |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Luleå University of Technology |
| authorships[9].author_position | last |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Nadhir Al-Ansari |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 971 87, Lulea, Sweden |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis of a SWAT water quality model |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10330 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2312 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Water Science and Technology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2358100016, https://openalex.org/W2037501676, https://openalex.org/W2372356907, https://openalex.org/W311008101, https://openalex.org/W4244805064, https://openalex.org/W1215028902, https://openalex.org/W2372507177, https://openalex.org/W2365886380, https://openalex.org/W2353139476, https://openalex.org/W3004859337 |
| cited_by_count | 10 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 9 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764931087 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2190-5487, 2190-5495 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2190-5487 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Applied Water Science |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | other-oa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Applied Water Science |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764931087 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2190-5487, 2190-5495 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2190-5487 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Applied Water Science |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | other-oa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Applied Water Science |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-024-02138-x |
| publication_date | 2024-03-29 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W4244985180, https://openalex.org/W4360979862, https://openalex.org/W4313532718, https://openalex.org/W1993096134, https://openalex.org/W2059646894, https://openalex.org/W1983724666, https://openalex.org/W2014477418, https://openalex.org/W2132706579, https://openalex.org/W4210579027, https://openalex.org/W4387407259, https://openalex.org/W2135661338, https://openalex.org/W2002373064, https://openalex.org/W1613325149, https://openalex.org/W2157539439, https://openalex.org/W2059144766, https://openalex.org/W4298016186, https://openalex.org/W2036988510, https://openalex.org/W2043411162, https://openalex.org/W2058998445, https://openalex.org/W4220908714, https://openalex.org/W2073358029, https://openalex.org/W4388722362, https://openalex.org/W4388581619, https://openalex.org/W2168087399, https://openalex.org/W2037511922, https://openalex.org/W2137800789, https://openalex.org/W2058466438, https://openalex.org/W2276223998, https://openalex.org/W2169616177, https://openalex.org/W2118456616, https://openalex.org/W4214718402, https://openalex.org/W1974452437, https://openalex.org/W1558296067 |
| referenced_works_count | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 71, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.51 | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.An | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 92, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 34, 67, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 5, 102, 114, 208, 224, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 8, 108, 120, 184, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 27, 40, 58, 96, 143, 174, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 16, 33, 79, 128, 136, 197, 238, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.95% | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 25, 105, 118, 138, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 2, 12, 21, 49, 85, 89, 122, 130, 132, 146, 149, 154, 191, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 15, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 36, 69, 124, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 13, 28, 37, 47, 56, 62, 81, 97, 115, 144, 157, 171, 175, 181, 192, 204, 209, 221, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 19, 39, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1990 | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1998 | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2008 | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SWAT | 82, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area | 101, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 126, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.land | 18, 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.like | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.soil | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 141, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tool | 45, 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.50. | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2008. | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.River | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Yarra | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area, | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.areas | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.close | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.helps | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ideal | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loads | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.might | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 119, 176, 205, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needs | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shows | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sites | 95, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.split | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 93, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.value | 183, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water | 6, 41, 50, 72, 216, 229, 235, 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 65, 212, 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.would | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.zero. | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SWAT) | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.annual | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assess | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bodies | 7, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 26, 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model. | 75, 117, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduce | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.source | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.values | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changes | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.greater | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model's | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monthly | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 73, 217, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 139, 179, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.river's | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Finally, | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Sediment | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 91, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.d-factor | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drainage | 63, 100, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improper | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicate | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonpoint | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrient | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p-factor | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performs | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sediment | 131, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selected | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Victoria, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.construct | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.managers. | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model’s | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrients | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pollutant | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pollution | 4, 31, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validated | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Australia. | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessment | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beneficial | 68, 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibrated | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developing | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ecosystem, | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficiency | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 74, 218, 227, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrients, | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practices. | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prediction | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resources. | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.streamflow | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validation | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.watershed, | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities, | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.application | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibration | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.considering | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.streamflow, | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subdrainage | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sustainable | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.threatening | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uncertainty | 90, 172, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validation, | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agricultural | 23, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibration, | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.satisfactory | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multivariable | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cost-effective | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-objective | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Nash–Sutcliffe | 164 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5070829177 |
| countries_distinct_count | 5 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 10 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I190632392 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5799999833106995 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Zero hunger |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.88687656 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |