Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basic lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago Article Swipe
Vicente M. Cabrera
,
Patrícia Marrero
,
Khaled K. Abu‐Amero
,
José M Larruga
·
YOU?
·
· 2017
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/233502
YOU?
·
· 2017
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/233502
Background After three decades of mtDNA studies on human evolution the only incontrovertible main result is the African origin of all extant modern humans. In addition, a southern coastal route has been relentlessly imposed to explain the Eurasian colonization of these African pioneers. Based on the age of macrohaplogroup L3, from which all maternal Eurasian and the majority of African lineages originated, that out-of-Africa event has been dated around 60-70 kya. On the opposite side, we have proposed a northern route through Central Asia across the Levant for that expansion. Consistent with the fossil record, we have dated it around 125 kya. To help bridge differences between the molecular and fossil record ages, in this article we assess the possibility that mtDNA macrohaplogroup L3 matured in Eurasia and returned to Africa as basic L3 lineages around 70 kya. Results The coalescence ages of all Eurasian (M,N) and African L3 lineages, both around 71 kya, are not significantly different. The oldest M and N Eurasian clades are found in southeastern Asia instead near of Africa as expected by the southern route hypothesis. The split of the Y-chromosome composite DE haplogroup is very similar to the age of mtDNA L3. A Eurasian origin and back migration to Africa has been proposed for the African Y-chromosome haplogroup E. Inside Africa, frequency distributions of maternal L3 and paternal E lineages are positively correlated. This correlation is not fully explained by geographic or ethnic affinities. It seems better to be the result of a joint and global replacement of the old autochthonous male and female African lineages by the new Eurasian incomers. Conclusions These results are congruent with a model proposing an out-of-Africa of early anatomically modern humans around 125 kya. A return to Africa of Eurasian fully modern humans around 70 kya, and a second Eurasian global expansion by 60 kya. Climatic conditions and the presence of Neanderthals played key roles in these human movements.
Related Topics
Concepts
Haplogroup
Land bridge
Geography
Mitochondrial DNA
Ancient DNA
Evolutionary biology
Biology
Population
Haplotype
Demography
Biological dispersal
Genetics
Gene
Sociology
Genotype
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/233502
- https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/12/13/233502.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- References
- 148
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2783937417
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://doi.org/10.1101/233502Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basic lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years agoWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2017Year of publication
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2017-12-13Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Vicente M. Cabrera, Patrícia Marrero, Khaled K. Abu‐Amero, José M LarrugaList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/233502Publisher landing page
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/12/13/233502.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/12/13/233502.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
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Haplogroup, Land bridge, Geography, Mitochondrial DNA, Ancient DNA, Evolutionary biology, Biology, Population, Haplotype, Demography, Biological dispersal, Genetics, Gene, Sociology, GenotypeTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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