Categorical versus dimensional structure of autism spectrum disorder: A multi‐method investigation Article Swipe
Thomas Frazier
,
Lacey Chetcuti
,
Fouad Alshaban
,
Nick Haslam
,
Iman Ghazal
,
Eric W. Klingemier
,
Mohammed S. Al‐Dosari
,
Andrew Whitehouse
,
Eric A. Youngstrom
,
Antonio Y. Hardan
,
Mirko Uljarević
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12142
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12142
Background A key question for any psychopathological diagnosis is whether the condition is continuous or discontinuous with typical variation. The primary objective of this study was to use a multi‐method approach to examine the broad latent categorical versus dimensional structure of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method Data were aggregated across seven independent samples of participants with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), and non‐ASD/NDD controls (aggregate N s = 512–16,755; ages 1.5–22). Scores from four distinct phenotype measures formed composite “indicators” of the latent ASD construct. The primary indicator set included eye gaze metrics from seven distinct social stimulus paradigms. Logistic regressions were used to combine gaze metrics within/across paradigms, and derived predicted probabilities served as indicator values. Secondary indicator sets were constructed from clinical observation and parent‐report measures of ASD symptoms. Indicator sets were submitted to taxometric‐ and latent class analyses. Results Across all indicator sets and analytic methods, there was strong support for categorical structure corresponding closely to ASD diagnosis. Consistent with notions of substantial phenotypic heterogeneity, the ASD category had a wide range of symptom severity. Despite the examination of a large sample with a wide range of IQs in both genders, males and children with lower IQ were over‐represented in the ASD category, similar to observations in diagnosed cases. Conclusions Our findings provide strong support for categorical structure corresponding closely to ASD diagnosis. The present results bolster the use of well‐diagnosed and representative ASD groups within etiologic and clinical research, motivating the ongoing search for major drivers of the ASD phenotype. Despite the categorical structure of ASD, quantitative symptom measurements appear more useful for examining relationships with other factors.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12142
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jcv2.12142
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 14
- References
- 56
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4321446117
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4321446117Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12142Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Categorical versus dimensional structure of autism spectrum disorder: A multi‐method investigationWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2023Year of publication
- Publication date
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2023-02-21Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Thomas Frazier, Lacey Chetcuti, Fouad Alshaban, Nick Haslam, Iman Ghazal, Eric W. Klingemier, Mohammed S. Al‐Dosari, Andrew Whitehouse, Eric A. Youngstrom, Antonio Y. Hardan, Mirko UljarevićList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12142Publisher landing page
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jcv2.12142Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jcv2.12142Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Categorical variable, Autism spectrum disorder, Psychology, Autism, Psychopathology, Latent class model, Developmental psychology, Clinical psychology, Statistics, MathematicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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14Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 5, 2024: 6, 2023: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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56Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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