Cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection and/or different vaccination regimens Article Swipe
Esther Culebras
,
Mercedes Martínez
,
Consuelo Novella
,
José Manuel Ramos León
,
Esther Marcos
,
Alberto Delgado‐Iribarren
,
Esther Ríos
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859
Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the humoral and cellular immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination according to the type of vaccine, number of doses and combination of vaccines. Methods Volunteer subjects were sampled between September 2021 and July 2022 in Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid (Spain). Participants had different immunological status against SARS-CoV-2: vaccinated and unvaccinated, with or without previous COVID-19 infection, including healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Determination of IgG against the spike protein S1 subunit receptor-binding domain (RBD) was performed by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) using the Architect i10000sr platform (Abbott). The SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were assessed by quantification of interferon gamma release using QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay (Qiagen). Results A total of 181 samples were collected, 170 were from vaccinated individuals and 11 from unvaccinated. Among the participants, 41 were aware of having previously been infected by SARS-CoV-2. Vaccinated people received one or two doses of the following vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: ChAdOx1-S (University of Oxford—AstraZeneca) (AZ) and/orBNT162b2 (Pfizer—BioNTech)(PZ). Subjects immunized with a third-booster dose received PZ or mRNA-1273 (Moderna—NIAID)(MD) vaccines. All vaccinees developed a positive humoral response (>7.1 BAU/ml), but the cellular response varied depending on the vaccination regimen. Only AZ/PZ combination and 3 doses of vaccination elicited a positive cellular response (median concentration of IFN- γ > 0.3 IU/ml). Regarding a two-dose vaccination regimen, AZ/PZ combination induced the highest humoral and cellular immunity. A booster with mRNA vaccine resulted in increases in median levels of IgG-Spike antibodies and IFN-γ as compared to those of two-dose of any vaccine. Humoral and cellular immunity levels were significantly higher in participants with previous infection compared to those without infection. Conclusion Heterologous vaccination (AZ/PZ) elicited the strongest immunity among the two-dose vaccination regimens. The immunity offered by the third-booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine depends not only on the type of vaccine administered but also on previous doses and prior infection. Previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens by infection strongly affect immunity of vaccinated individuals.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859
- https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=False
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 4
- References
- 35
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4393012232
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4393012232Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection and/or different vaccination regimensWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-03-20Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Esther Culebras, Mercedes Martínez, Consuelo Novella, José Manuel Ramos León, Esther Marcos, Alberto Delgado‐Iribarren, Esther RíosList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=FalseDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=FalseDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Vaccination, Immunology, Medicine, Regimen, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immunity, Virology, Immune system, Internal medicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
4Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2, 2024: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
35Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4393012232 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38572317 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4393012232 |
| fwci | 4.15244799 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D000086402 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | SARS-CoV-2 |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D000086663 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | COVID-19 Vaccines |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | Q000517 |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D000086382 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | prevention & control |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | COVID-19 |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D014611 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Vaccination |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D007111 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Immunity, Cellular |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D007074 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Immunoglobulin G |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D000914 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Antibodies, Viral |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D056724 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Immunity, Humoral |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D000086402 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | SARS-CoV-2 |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D000086663 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | COVID-19 Vaccines |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000517 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D000086382 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | prevention & control |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | COVID-19 |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D014611 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Vaccination |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D007111 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Immunity, Cellular |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D007074 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Immunoglobulin G |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D000914 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Antibodies, Viral |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D056724 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Immunity, Humoral |
| type | article |
| title | Cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection and/or different vaccination regimens |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | 14 |
| biblio.last_page | 1370859 |
| biblio.first_page | 1370859 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10118 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10041 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[1].display_name | COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11368 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9911999702453613 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2728 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| topics[2].display_name | Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2950 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2950 |
| apc_paid.value | 2950 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2950 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C22070199 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8038578033447266 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Vaccination |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C203014093 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6956026554107666 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Immunology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6594220399856567 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2781413609 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5934509634971619 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7308373 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Regimen |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2776548049 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5636674165725708 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142875 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Humoral immunity |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C3017875465 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.517059862613678 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189146 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Cellular immunity |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2779341262 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4980931282043457 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Immunity |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C159047783 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4173419773578644 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Virology |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C8891405 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.410255491733551 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Immune system |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.22836968302726746 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8038578033447266 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Vaccination |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6956026554107666 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Immunology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6594220399856567 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/regimen |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5934509634971619 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Regimen |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/humoral-immunity |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5636674165725708 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Humoral immunity |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-immunity |
| keywords[5].score | 0.517059862613678 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Cellular immunity |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immunity |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4980931282043457 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Immunity |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/virology |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4173419773578644 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Virology |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-system |
| keywords[8].score | 0.410255491733551 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Immune system |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[9].score | 0.22836968302726746 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Internal medicine |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2506667490 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2235-2988 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2235-2988 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Frontiers Media |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Frontiers Media |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=False |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:38572317 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38572317 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e264e03649c0402da119c0c37838b06b |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 14 (2024) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/e264e03649c0402da119c0c37838b06b |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10987831 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Front Cell Infect Microbiol |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10987831 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5089933929 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7395-2684 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Esther Culebras |
| authorships[0].countries | ES |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/014v12a39 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | ES |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/02p0gd045 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].country_code | ES |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].display_name | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Esther Culebras |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain, Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5015556921 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6128-0155 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Mercedes Martínez |
| authorships[1].countries | ES |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/014v12a39 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | ES |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Mercedes Martínez |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5044252481 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Consuelo Novella |
| authorships[2].countries | ES |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Consuelo Novella |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5113973238 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | José Manuel Ramos León |
| authorships[3].countries | ES |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Jose Manuel León |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5074873172 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Esther Marcos |
| authorships[4].countries | ES |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Esther Marcos |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Sala de extracciones, IML, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5041412658 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-5404 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Alberto Delgado‐Iribarren |
| authorships[5].countries | ES |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/014v12a39 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code | ES |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/02p0gd045 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].country_code | ES |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].display_name | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Alberto Delgado-Iribarren |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain, Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5022370339 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5604-5967 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Esther Ríos |
| authorships[6].countries | ES |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2961216182 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04d0ybj29 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210139293 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | ES |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/014v12a39 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | ES |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/02p0gd045 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I121748325 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].country_code | ES |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].display_name | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| authorships[6].author_position | last |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Esther Ríos |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain, Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Medicina Laboratorio (IML), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=False |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection and/or different vaccination regimens |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10118 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W570146172, https://openalex.org/W2361550127, https://openalex.org/W2390106286, https://openalex.org/W1966113031, https://openalex.org/W2112819617, https://openalex.org/W2379632715, https://openalex.org/W3147235795, https://openalex.org/W1992095113, https://openalex.org/W2372119540, https://openalex.org/W2377191608 |
| cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2506667490 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2235-2988 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2235-2988 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Frontiers Media |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Frontiers Media |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=False |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2506667490 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2235-2988 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2235-2988 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Frontiers Media |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320527 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Frontiers Media |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859/pdf?isPublishedV2=False |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370859 |
| publication_date | 2024-03-20 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3211947794, https://openalex.org/W4206825854, https://openalex.org/W4288176666, https://openalex.org/W3175995708, https://openalex.org/W3193039013, https://openalex.org/W4281720894, https://openalex.org/W3146894320, https://openalex.org/W4297200159, https://openalex.org/W3206370075, https://openalex.org/W3178204501, https://openalex.org/W3195533500, https://openalex.org/W3101589510, https://openalex.org/W3191693979, https://openalex.org/W4214479284, https://openalex.org/W3134489892, https://openalex.org/W3041494167, https://openalex.org/W3133819496, https://openalex.org/W3129250309, https://openalex.org/W6839021311, https://openalex.org/W4293012006, https://openalex.org/W3092519226, https://openalex.org/W4220928409, https://openalex.org/W3186217635, https://openalex.org/W3119858919, https://openalex.org/W3202826390, https://openalex.org/W3200157219, https://openalex.org/W3191458817, https://openalex.org/W4283072115, https://openalex.org/W4303513121, https://openalex.org/W4283772680, https://openalex.org/W4281687206, https://openalex.org/W3200044004, https://openalex.org/W4226321964, https://openalex.org/W4226255960, https://openalex.org/W4283754680 |
| referenced_works_count | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3 | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 114, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 166, 178, 203, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.11 | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.41 | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PZ | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.S1 | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 85, 102, 141, 288, 317 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 43, 235, 237, 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 3, 23, 26, 30, 72, 104, 116, 136, 150, 158, 200, 209, 240, 249, 251, 292, 301, 322 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 190, 298, 306 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 61, 147, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 7, 20, 247, 268, 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.γ | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.3 | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.170 | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.181 | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.All | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IgG | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.San | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1, 96, 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 11, 28, 40, 58, 68, 126, 197, 226, 243, 255, 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.any | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 184, 304 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 4, 9, 21, 75, 91, 131, 151, 185, 191, 223, 277, 281, 289, 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 6, 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AZ) | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2021 | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2022 | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IFN- | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.July | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Only | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dose | 168, 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 123, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mRNA | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.only | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type | 22, 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 35, 100, 119, 122, 134, 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 60, 165, 231, 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RBD) | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AZ/PZ | 195, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Among | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assay | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aware | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.doses | 27, 149, 199, 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gamma | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prior | 310 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spike | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 248, 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.total | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 90, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CMIA) | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IFN-γ | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Madrid | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.T-cell | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 320 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and/or | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.domain | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.having | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 239, 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.median | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.number | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.status | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.varied | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AZ/PZ) | 275 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(median | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Carlos, | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Humoral | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IU/ml). | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 55, 74, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.booster | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.depends | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highest | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.humoral | 10, 180, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.induced | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.offered | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.release | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sampled | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.samples | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subunit | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccine | 233, 294, 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 62, 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.> | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Spain). | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BAU/ml), | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19 | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Clínico | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hospital | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Previous | 312 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Subjects | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antigens | 316 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cellular | 12, 186, 205, 227, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 246, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elicited | 202, 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposure | 313 |
| abstract_inverted_index.i10000sr | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunity | 13, 257, 279, 286, 321 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infected | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positive | 179, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 63, 265, 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.received | 145, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regimen, | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regimen. | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 181, 187, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resulted | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strongly | 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subjects | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two-dose | 217, 250, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccine, | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccine. | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccines | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Abbott). | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Qiagen). | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Architect | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ChAdOx1-S | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IgG-Spike | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Regarding | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.September | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Volunteer | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.depending | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunity. | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunized | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increases | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infection | 16, 266, 318 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mRNA-1273 | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regimens. | 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strongest | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccinees | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccines. | 31, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusion | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2 | 15, 110, 293, 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Vaccinated | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antibodies | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected, | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infection, | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infection. | 271, 311 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interferon | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previously | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccinated | 57, 124, 323 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(University | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.QuantiFERON | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2. | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2: | 56, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combination | 29, 196, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunoassay | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccination | 18, 192, 201, 218, 274, 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(>7.1 | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Heterologous | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Participants | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.administered | 303 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals. | 70, 324 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Determination | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentration | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunological | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microparticle | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants, | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.third-booster | 167, 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unvaccinated, | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unvaccinated. | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and/orBNT162b2 | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantification | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.receptor-binding | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chemiluminescence | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunocompromised | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2-specific | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Moderna—NIAID)(MD) | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Oxford—AstraZeneca) | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Pfizer—BioNTech)(PZ). | 162 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 94 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5022370339 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I121748325, https://openalex.org/I2961216182, https://openalex.org/I4210097846 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7900000214576721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.85271345 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |