Stuart Hall’s encoding/decoding model of cultural analysis was born as a critique of linear sender/message/receiver-models of communication, which Hall argued concentrate on message exchanges without questioning who sends and who receives a message, and the political-economic asymmetry between the two. By contrast, in encoding/ decoding analyses, the message itself-a television show or other entertainment media object-is only a pivotal object between two ‘moments’ of encoding and decoding. Encoding conceptualizes …