Characterization of the ultrafine and fine particles formed during laser cladding with the Inconel 718 metal powder by means of X-ray spectroscopic techniques Article Swipe
Szilvia Kugler
,
Attila Nagy
,
János Osán
,
László Péter
,
Veronika Groma
,
Simone Pollastri
,
A. Czitrovszky
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106110
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106110
Additive manufacturing is a rapidly growing industrial technology. Still, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the fine particle emission and new particle formation during the processes and their consequences on the performance of the operation and the operator's health as well. Therefore, we studied the properties of the emitted particles during the 3D printing process using the Inconel 718 (Ni-based) superalloy. The number and the mass concentrations were measured with a Scanning Mobility Particle Counter and Sizer. Size-fractionated samples were collected by a cascade impactor, and the elemental composition of the particles was determined by total-reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, and microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis in the different size fractions. The oxidation states of the metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni) in the samples were determined with the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) method. Most of the particles were found in the ultrafine region with a size below 100 nm, and the mass size distribution had the maximum at 85 nm. In the original powder, Ni was dominating with appr. 52 wt%, and the proportion of Cr was around 20 wt%, and Mn was below 1 wt%. In the released particles, the Ni content decreased to appr. 26 wt%, the Cr content increased to appr. 47 wt% and Mn increased to around 10 wt% for particles with a size between 0.07 and 10 μm. According to the XANES results, Cr, Mn and Fe were found to be oxidized significantly, whereas Ni remained in the metallic form in the total emitted aerosol containing mostly ultrafine particles. The enrichment and oxidation of metals were correlated with each other.
Related Topics
Concepts
XANES
Materials science
Scanning electron microscope
Inconel
Analytical Chemistry (journal)
Particle size
Particle (ecology)
Scanning mobility particle sizer
Particle-size distribution
Ultrafine particle
Spectroscopy
Metallurgy
Alloy
Chemistry
Composite material
Nanotechnology
Chromatography
Physical chemistry
Quantum mechanics
Geology
Oceanography
Physics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106110
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0584854721000550?via%3Dihub
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 10
- References
- 69
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3127387987
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3127387987Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106110Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Characterization of the ultrafine and fine particles formed during laser cladding with the Inconel 718 metal powder by means of X-ray spectroscopic techniquesWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-02-02Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Szilvia Kugler, Attila Nagy, János Osán, László Péter, Veronika Groma, Simone Pollastri, A. CzitrovszkyList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106110Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0584854721000550?via%3DihubDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0584854721000550?via%3DihubDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
XANES, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Inconel, Analytical Chemistry (journal), Particle size, Particle (ecology), Scanning mobility particle sizer, Particle-size distribution, Ultrafine particle, Spectroscopy, Metallurgy, Alloy, Chemistry, Composite material, Nanotechnology, Chromatography, Physical chemistry, Quantum mechanics, Geology, Oceanography, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
10Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 3, 2023: 2, 2022: 2, 2021: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
69Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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