Chronotype and emotion processing: a pilot study testing timing of online cognitive bias modification training Article Swipe
Charlotte Crisp
,
Emily Mooney
,
Mohini Howlader
,
Joel Stoddard
,
Ian S. Penton‐Voak
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045
Background Circadian rhythms influence cognitive performance which peaks in the morning for early chronotypes and evening for late chronotypes. It is unknown whether cognitive interventions are susceptible to such synchrony effects and could be optimised at certain times-of-day. Objective A pilot study testing whether the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification (CBM) for facial emotion processing was improved when delivered at a time-of-day that was synchronised to chronotype. Methods 173 healthy young adults (aged 18–25) with an early or late chronotype completed one online session of CBM training in either the morning (06:00 hours to 10:00 hours) or evening (18:00 hours to 22:00 hours). Findings Moderate evidence that participants learnt better (higher post-training balance point) when they completed CBM training in the synchronous (evening for late chronotypes, morning for early chronotypes) compared with asynchronous (morning for late chronotypes, evening for early chronotypes) condition, controlling for pre-training balance point, sleep quality and negative affect. There was also a group×condition interaction where late chronotypes learnt faster and more effectively in synchronous versus asynchronous conditions. Conclusions Preliminary evidence that synchrony effects apply to this psychological intervention. Tailoring the delivery timing of CBM training to chronotype may optimise its effectiveness. This may be particularly important for late chronotypes who were less able to adapt to non-optimal times-of-day, possibly because they experience more social jetlag. Clinical implications To consider delivery timing of CBM training when administering to early and late chronotypes. This may generalise to other psychological interventions and be relevant for online interventions where the timing can be flexible.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 30
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4400305593
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4400305593Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Chronotype and emotion processing: a pilot study testing timing of online cognitive bias modification trainingWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-01-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Charlotte Crisp, Emily Mooney, Mohini Howlader, Joel Stoddard, Ian S. Penton‐VoakList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Chronotype, Evening, Morning, Cognition, Psychology, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Psychiatry, Astronomy, Internal medicine, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
30Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4400305593 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38960412 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4400305593 |
| fwci | 1.14795357 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D010865 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Pilot Projects |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D002940 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Circadian Rhythm |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D015928 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D004644 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Emotions |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D013997 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Time Factors |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D005149 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Facial Expression |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D000094407 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Chronotype |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D000094407 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Chronotype |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D015928 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D004644 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Emotions |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D005149 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Facial Expression |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D010865 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Pilot Projects |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D013997 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Time Factors |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D010865 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Pilot Projects |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[32].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[32].descriptor_ui | D002940 |
| mesh[32].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[32].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[32].descriptor_name | Circadian Rhythm |
| mesh[33].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[33].descriptor_ui | D015928 |
| mesh[33].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[33].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[33].descriptor_name | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| mesh[34].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[34].descriptor_ui | D004644 |
| mesh[34].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[34].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[34].descriptor_name | Emotions |
| mesh[35].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_ui | D013997 |
| mesh[35].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[35].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_name | Time Factors |
| mesh[36].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_ui | D005149 |
| mesh[36].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[36].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_name | Facial Expression |
| mesh[37].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[37].descriptor_ui | D000094407 |
| mesh[37].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[37].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[37].descriptor_name | Chronotype |
| mesh[38].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[38].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[38].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[38].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[38].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[39].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[39].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[39].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[39].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[39].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[40].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[40].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[40].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[41].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[41].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[41].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[41].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[41].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[42].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[42].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[42].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[43].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[43].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[43].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[44].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[44].descriptor_ui | D000094407 |
| mesh[44].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[44].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[44].descriptor_name | Chronotype |
| mesh[45].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[45].descriptor_ui | D015928 |
| mesh[45].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[45].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[45].descriptor_name | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| mesh[46].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[46].descriptor_ui | D004644 |
| mesh[46].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[46].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[46].descriptor_name | Emotions |
| mesh[47].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_ui | D005149 |
| mesh[47].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[47].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_name | Facial Expression |
| mesh[48].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_ui | D010865 |
| mesh[48].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[48].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_name | Pilot Projects |
| mesh[49].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_ui | D013997 |
| mesh[49].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[49].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_name | Time Factors |
| type | article |
| title | Chronotype and emotion processing: a pilot study testing timing of online cognitive bias modification training |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G8666504171 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320315679 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | NIHR203315 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre |
| awards[1].id | https://openalex.org/G7763023135 |
| awards[1].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| awards[1].display_name | |
| awards[1].funder_award_id | MR/S035648/1 |
| awards[1].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 27 |
| biblio.last_page | e301045 |
| biblio.first_page | e301045 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10342 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[0].score | 0.9991000294685364 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2807 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Endocrine and Autonomic Systems |
| topics[0].display_name | Circadian rhythm and melatonin |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10316 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[1].score | 0.9936000108718872 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| topics[1].display_name | Sleep and related disorders |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10985 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[2].score | 0.97079998254776 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2805 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cognitive Neuroscience |
| topics[2].display_name | Sleep and Wakefulness Research |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320315679 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/02mtt1z51 |
| funders[0].display_name | NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/03x94j517 |
| funders[1].display_name | Medical Research Council |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C47056694 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9771103858947754 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184869 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Chronotype |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2776476923 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.8117901086807251 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7725 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Evening |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C19720800 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6532278060913086 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Morning |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C169900460 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5297480821609497 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Cognition |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5130159258842468 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C27415008 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.43088293075561523 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Psychological intervention |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.2563502788543701 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C118552586 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.10499829053878784 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Psychiatry |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C1276947 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Astronomy |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chronotype |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9771103858947754 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Chronotype |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/evening |
| keywords[1].score | 0.8117901086807251 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Evening |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/morning |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6532278060913086 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Morning |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5297480821609497 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Cognition |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5130159258842468 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention |
| keywords[5].score | 0.43088293075561523 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Psychological intervention |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[6].score | 0.2563502788543701 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry |
| keywords[7].score | 0.10499829053878784 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Psychiatry |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4387287103 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2755-9734 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2755-9734 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | BMJ |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:38960412 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | BMJ mental health |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38960412 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3e54a828dc31478e9aa2800e6cc3c775 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | BMJ Mental Health, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/3e54a828dc31478e9aa2800e6cc3c775 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11227755 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | BMJ Ment Health |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11227755 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5089508146 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8174-3436 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Charlotte Crisp |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0524sp257 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of Bristol |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Charlotte M Crisp |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5113277680 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Emily Mooney |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0524sp257 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of Bristol |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Emily Mooney |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5107950379 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Mohini Howlader |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0524sp257 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Bristol |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Mohini Howlader |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5083896287 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-4566 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Joel Stoddard |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I51713134 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I51713134 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03wmf1y16 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I51713134 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Joel Stoddard |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5039586488 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4232-0953 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Ian S. Penton‐Voak |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2800789647, https://openalex.org/I4210119147, https://openalex.org/I4392738148 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust UK, UK |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4392738148 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jzzxg14 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4392738148 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210119147 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02mtt1z51 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I34931013, https://openalex.org/I36234482, https://openalex.org/I4210119147 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name | NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2800789647 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/04nm1cv11 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2800789647 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].display_name | University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/0524sp257 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].display_name | University of Bristol |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Ian Penton-Voak |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust UK, UK, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Chronotype and emotion processing: a pilot study testing timing of online cognitive bias modification training |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10342 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9991000294685364 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2807 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Endocrine and Autonomic Systems |
| primary_topic.display_name | Circadian rhythm and melatonin |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2037869040, https://openalex.org/W2595300283, https://openalex.org/W2460835353, https://openalex.org/W2083536581, https://openalex.org/W1992895559, https://openalex.org/W2022741049, https://openalex.org/W2898805387, https://openalex.org/W4289525339, https://openalex.org/W3158236380, https://openalex.org/W1971268426 |
| cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4387287103 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2755-9734 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2755-9734 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BMJ |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4387287103 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2755-9734 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2755-9734 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BMJ |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | BMJ Mental Health |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2024-301045 |
| publication_date | 2024-01-01 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2914232633, https://openalex.org/W2604769248, https://openalex.org/W2751562293, https://openalex.org/W2123106689, https://openalex.org/W2526686343, https://openalex.org/W2783277102, https://openalex.org/W2120895167, https://openalex.org/W2144743430, https://openalex.org/W2086582057, https://openalex.org/W3160273337, https://openalex.org/W2286702847, https://openalex.org/W1717168473, https://openalex.org/W3128752498, https://openalex.org/W2041749697, https://openalex.org/W2151487996, https://openalex.org/W4292994367, https://openalex.org/W2954957526, https://openalex.org/W6852077088, https://openalex.org/W2023289921, https://openalex.org/W2126665658, https://openalex.org/W2288806830, https://openalex.org/W2000199712, https://openalex.org/W3156289635, https://openalex.org/W2031715874, https://openalex.org/W4382198479, https://openalex.org/W2885784623, https://openalex.org/W4383333583, https://openalex.org/W2982443633, https://openalex.org/W2148905283, https://openalex.org/W4365505218 |
| referenced_works_count | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 60, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.It | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.To | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 35, 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 33, 197, 243, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 8, 87, 119, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 46, 84, 186, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 77, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 27, 65, 93, 100, 178, 189, 207, 209, 230, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.173 | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CBM | 85, 117, 187, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 14, 31, 149, 163, 232, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 11, 16, 51, 123, 127, 134, 138, 143, 200, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 191, 196, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 9, 44, 89, 120, 183, 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 55, 63, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 195, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.able | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bias | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.late | 17, 78, 124, 135, 159, 201, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.less | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 164, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 62, 106, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.they | 115, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 57, 114, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 74, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CBM) | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(aged | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10:00 | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.22:00 | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.There | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adapt | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.apply | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.early | 12, 76, 128, 139, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hours | 92, 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.peaks | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pilot | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sleep | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 158, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.young | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(06:00 | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(18:00 | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.either | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facial | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.faster | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hours) | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learnt | 108, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.online | 82, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.point) | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.point, | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.social | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.timing | 185, 224, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versus | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(higher | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect. | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.balance | 112, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.because | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.certain | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 30, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emotion | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evening | 15, 97, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hours). | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.jetlag. | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.morning | 10, 90, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rhythms | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.session | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unknown | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whether | 22, 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(evening | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(morning | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18–25) | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Clinical | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Findings | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Moderate | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consider | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivery | 184, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 105, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improved | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negative | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimise | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.possibly | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relevant | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training | 86, 118, 188, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Circadian | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Tailoring | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 4, 23, 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.completed | 80, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivered | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flexible. | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.important | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influence | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimised | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchrony | 29, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotype | 79, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.condition, | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experience | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generalise | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.processing | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Preliminary | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotype. | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotypes | 13, 160, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions. | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlling | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectively | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interaction | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-optimal | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.susceptible | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchronous | 121, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time-of-day | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.asynchronous | 132, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotypes) | 129, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotypes, | 125, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronotypes. | 18, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implications | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modification | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pre-training | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchronised | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.administering | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intervention. | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interventions | 24, 241, 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-training | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychological | 180, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.times-of-day, | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.times-of-day. | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness. | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group×condition | 156 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5089508146 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36234482 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6100000143051147 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Quality Education |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.68034402 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |