Cigarette filters as a main microfibers source in aquatic environments: Phase I Article Swipe
Azam Mohammadi
,
Farkhondeh Bahrani
,
Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre
,
Reza Gholamnia
,
Gerrit Renner
,
Torsten C. Schmidt
,
Sina Dobaradaran
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6860318/v1
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6860318/v1
Cigarette butts (CBs) are known as one of the most prevalent forms of environmental waste, needing global attention to mitigate their detrimental health and ecological impacts. Owing to their filter composition, discarded CBs can persistently release microfibers (MFs) into the environment. In this research, the levels, characteristics, and ecological risks associated with MFs released from cigarette filters (CFs) into water (distilled and seawater) were investigated under various environmental conditions (laboratory and outdoor settings). The assessment focused on short-term exposure durations of 1, 2, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days, forming the initial phase of this research. The mean level of released MFs ranged from 5.78-92.43 items/g CFs. The results highlighted that more MFs were released from CFs into the seawater and outdoor environment at a contact time of 60 days. The predominant size and color of the released MFs were 20-50 µm and white/transparent, respectively. The main detected polymer composition of MFs was cellulose acetate. The computed pollution load index (PLI) values were > 30, indicating severe pollution. Additionally, the risk quotient (RQ) values were greater than 1, indicating a potential threat to the water environment. Based on mean levels of released MFs through CFs during contact times of 1 to 60 days and the amount of discarded CBs yearly on a global scale, CFs can leachate14×10 12 -51×10 12 MFs into the aquatic environments. The results of present research allow scientific society to better comprehend the CFs' role in transporting MFs in the aquatic systems as well as their potential environmental risks.
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Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6860318/v1
- https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6860318/latest.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 94
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4411825306
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4411825306Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6860318/v1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Cigarette filters as a main microfibers source in aquatic environments: Phase IWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-06-30Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Azam Mohammadi, Farkhondeh Bahrani, Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre, Reza Gholamnia, Gerrit Renner, Torsten C. Schmidt, Sina DobaradaranList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6860318/v1Publisher landing page
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https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6860318/latest.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6860318/latest.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Microfiber, Phase (matter), Environmental science, Materials science, Physics, Composite material, Quantum mechanicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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94Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.µm | 142 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.(MFs) | 38 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.days. | 130 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.forming | 90 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.detected | 148 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 51 |
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| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
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| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |