Circulatory dietary and gut-derived metabolites predict preclinical Alzheimer’s disease Article Swipe
Emily Connell
,
Saber Sami
,
Mizanur Khondoker
,
Anne Marie Minihane
,
Matthew G. Pontifex
,
Michael Müller
,
Simon McArthur
,
Gwénaëlle Le Gall
,
David Vauzour
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050
A key component of disease prevention is the identification of at-risk individuals. Microbial dysbiosis and microbe-derived metabolites (MDM) can influence the central nervous system, but their role in disease progression and as prognostic indicators is unknown. To identify preclinical factors associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we compared gut microbiome and metabolome profiles of cognitively healthy subjects, subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) participants and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants (n=50 per group, matched for age, BMI and sex), targeting metabolites previously associated with cognitive health (TMAO, bile acids, tryptophan, p -cresol and their derivatives). 16S rRNA bacterial microbiome sequencing and targeted LC-MS/MS were employed for faecal microbiome speciation and serum MDM quantification. Microbiome beta diversity differed between healthy controls and SCI participants. Multiple linear regression modelling highlighted five serum metabolites (indoxyl sulfate, choline, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) and kynurenic acid) significantly altered in preclinical AD. Neuroprotective metabolites, including choline, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and IPA, exhibited lower concentrations in SCI and MCI in comparison to controls, while the cytotoxic metabolite indoxyl sulfate had higher levels. A Random Forest algorithm with multiclass classification confirmed and extended our results, identifying six metabolites (indoxyl sulfate, choline, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, IPA, kynurenic acid, kynurenine) as predictors of early cognitive decline, with an area under the curve of 0.74. In summary, a combined statistical and machine learning approach identified MDM as a novel composite risk factor for the early identification of future dementia risk.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 84
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4396829493
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4396829493Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Circulatory dietary and gut-derived metabolites predict preclinical Alzheimer’s diseaseWork title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-05-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Emily Connell, Saber Sami, Mizanur Khondoker, Anne Marie Minihane, Matthew G. Pontifex, Michael Müller, Simon McArthur, Gwénaëlle Le Gall, David VauzourList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Disease, Medicine, Pharmacology, Internal medicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
84Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4396829493 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4396829493 |
| fwci | 0.7563153 |
| type | preprint |
| title | Circulatory dietary and gut-derived metabolites predict preclinical Alzheimer’s disease |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12267 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2737 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Physiology |
| topics[0].display_name | Diet and metabolism studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11337 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[1].score | 0.9975000023841858 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2803 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Biological Psychiatry |
| topics[1].display_name | Tryptophan and brain disorders |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10066 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9969000220298767 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1312 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].display_name | Gut microbiota and health |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2779134260 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.5282147526741028 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Disease |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.4175848066806793 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C98274493 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.33723849058151245 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Pharmacology |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.2320311963558197 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/disease |
| keywords[0].score | 0.5282147526741028 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Disease |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.4175848066806793 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacology |
| keywords[2].score | 0.33723849058151245 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Pharmacology |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[3].score | 0.2320311963558197 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| locations[0].source.issn | |
| locations[0].source.type | repository |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdf |
| locations[0].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | posted-content |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | False |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016025340 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-3945 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Emily Connell |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Emily Connell |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5039675030 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5345-0388 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Saber Sami |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Saber Sami |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5071633936 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1801-1635 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Mizanur Khondoker |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Mizanur Khondoker |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5077358364 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-4226 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Anne Marie Minihane |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Anne-Marie Minihane |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5071649103 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-2313 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Matthew G. Pontifex |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Matthew G. Pontifex |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100725135 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-9905 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Michael Müller |
| authorships[5].countries | GB |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Michael Müller |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042479811 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-1808 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Simon McArthur |
| authorships[6].countries | GB |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I166337079 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Queen Mary University of London |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I166337079 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026zzn846 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I166337079 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Queen Mary University of London |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Simon McArthur |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Queen Mary University of London |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5004405389 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-2196 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Gwénaëlle Le Gall |
| authorships[7].countries | GB |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Gwenaelle Le Gall |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5045749402 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-8756 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | David Vauzour |
| authorships[8].countries | GB |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/026k5mg93 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | University of East Anglia |
| authorships[8].author_position | last |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | David Vauzour |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | University of East Anglia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | green |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Circulatory dietary and gut-derived metabolites predict preclinical Alzheimer’s disease |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12267 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2737 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Physiology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Diet and metabolism studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W3031052312, https://openalex.org/W4389568370, https://openalex.org/W3032375762, https://openalex.org/W1995515455, https://openalex.org/W2080531066, https://openalex.org/W3108674512, https://openalex.org/W1506200166, https://openalex.org/W1489783725, https://openalex.org/W2148612803 |
| cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | |
| best_oa_location.source.type | repository |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| primary_location.source.issn | |
| primary_location.source.type | repository |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/05/10/2024.05.10.24307050.full.pdf |
| primary_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307050 |
| publication_date | 2024-05-10 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2109436802, https://openalex.org/W3046275966, https://openalex.org/W3217098251, https://openalex.org/W4283020259, https://openalex.org/W2967674535, https://openalex.org/W2944415973, https://openalex.org/W3081331242, https://openalex.org/W3082564026, https://openalex.org/W2800864806, https://openalex.org/W3101330551, https://openalex.org/W3203565491, https://openalex.org/W3131255939, https://openalex.org/W2794227656, https://openalex.org/W2790545717, https://openalex.org/W4285800327, https://openalex.org/W2060050678, https://openalex.org/W3158736480, https://openalex.org/W3120802281, https://openalex.org/W2984529289, https://openalex.org/W4309231149, https://openalex.org/W2004889392, https://openalex.org/W2793463729, https://openalex.org/W1923006901, https://openalex.org/W2532417249, https://openalex.org/W2793820961, https://openalex.org/W2751697980, https://openalex.org/W2794742681, https://openalex.org/W4280515386, https://openalex.org/W2891798234, https://openalex.org/W2404939443, https://openalex.org/W3118531880, https://openalex.org/W2520388246, https://openalex.org/W4308364850, https://openalex.org/W2152885278, https://openalex.org/W2034285706, https://openalex.org/W2119415849, https://openalex.org/W49725469, https://openalex.org/W4387261310, https://openalex.org/W2990512216, https://openalex.org/W2124005542, https://openalex.org/W2077450748, https://openalex.org/W6607259140, https://openalex.org/W2115015582, https://openalex.org/W2741509806, https://openalex.org/W2904277284, https://openalex.org/W2557278624, https://openalex.org/W3163953848, https://openalex.org/W4382937072, https://openalex.org/W2107537187, https://openalex.org/W4296833397, https://openalex.org/W4365142469, https://openalex.org/W4307248062, https://openalex.org/W4313201706, https://openalex.org/W2527896982, https://openalex.org/W1565296545, https://openalex.org/W1910065219, https://openalex.org/W2476039382, https://openalex.org/W2004784996, https://openalex.org/W2027187941, https://openalex.org/W2071810366, https://openalex.org/W4367692803, https://openalex.org/W2345604850, https://openalex.org/W3114518522, https://openalex.org/W3181495631, https://openalex.org/W2564545009, https://openalex.org/W2482792965, https://openalex.org/W2790422596, https://openalex.org/W3142533463, https://openalex.org/W2885365402, https://openalex.org/W2007202814, https://openalex.org/W4205181369, https://openalex.org/W3016541378, https://openalex.org/W2767495066, https://openalex.org/W2013582450, https://openalex.org/W2260534687, https://openalex.org/W2049985274, https://openalex.org/W1902399643, https://openalex.org/W2223880435, https://openalex.org/W3120692411, https://openalex.org/W2114270323, https://openalex.org/W4316362869, https://openalex.org/W141693146, https://openalex.org/W2148274451, https://openalex.org/W4220789397 |
| referenced_works_count | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 1, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 216, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.To | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 32, 200, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 28, 143, 158, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 7, 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 4, 10, 53, 202, 212, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.16S | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AD. | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BMI | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MCI | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MDM | 109, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SCI | 119, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 15, 31, 50, 62, 75, 90, 98, 107, 118, 138, 153, 160, 183, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 72, 103, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gut | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.per | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.six | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 8, 21, 167, 210, 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IPA, | 154, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acid | 136, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age, | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beta | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bile | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.five | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mild | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rRNA | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 42, 81, 179, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AD), | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IPA) | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MCI) | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MDM) | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SCI) | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(n=50 | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.74. | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acid) | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acid, | 134, 195, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.curve | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.early | 203, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.novel | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk. | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serum | 108, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sex), | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 26, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(TMAO, | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Forest | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Random | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acetic | 133, 151, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acids, | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factor | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.faecal | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.future | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linear | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.-cresol | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.altered | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at-risk | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.central | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 5, 29, 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 55, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indoxyl | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels. | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.machine | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.matched | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nervous | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sulfate | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system, | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(indoxyl | 129, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LC-MS/MS | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Multiple | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choline, | 131, 149, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combined | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controls | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decline, | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dementia | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differed | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.employed | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extended | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identify | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiles | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results, | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sulfate, | 130, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.summary, | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeted | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unknown. | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Microbial | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithm | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bacterial | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 58, 64, 82, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.component | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composite | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirmed | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controls, | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytotoxic | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diversity | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysbiosis | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exhibited | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influence | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kynurenic | 139, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modelling | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subjects, | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeting | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Microbiome | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 41, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparison | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impairment | 59, 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicators | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolite | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolome | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microbiome | 49, 96, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiclass | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predictors | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prevention | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previously | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prognostic | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regression | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sequencing | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.speciation | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subjective | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitively | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlighted | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identifying | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kynurenine) | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolites | 17, 78, 128, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preclinical | 39, 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.progression | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.statistical | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tryptophan, | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals. | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolites, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 61, 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Alzheimer’s | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derivatives). | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants. | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classification | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentrations | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identification | 9, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.5-hydroxyindole | 132, 150, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Neuroprotective | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microbe-derived | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantification. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indole-3-propionic | 135 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 95 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 91 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5045749402 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 9 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1118541 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.61615698 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |