Clinical Experience With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2–Related Illness in Children: Hospital Experience in Cape Town, South Africa Article Swipe
Marieke M. van der Zalm
,
Juanita Lishman
,
Lilly M. Verhagen
,
Andrew Redfern
,
Liezl Smit
,
Mikhail Barday
,
Dries Ruttens
,
A’ishah da Costa
,
Sandra van Jaarsveld
,
Justina Itana
,
Neshaad Schrueder
,
Marije Van Schalkwyk
,
Noor Parker
,
Ilse Nadine Appel
,
Barend Fourie
,
Mathilda Claassen
,
J. Workman
,
Pierre Goussard
,
Gert U. van Zyl
,
Helena Rabie
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1666
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1666
Background Children seem relatively protected from serious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–related disease, but little is known about children living in settings with high tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. This study reflects clinical data on South African children with SARS-CoV-2. Methods We collected clinical data of children aged <13 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 presenting to Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, between 17 April and 24 July 2020. Results One hundred fifty-nine children (median age, 48.0 months [interquartile range {IQR}, 12.0–106.0 months]) were included. Hospitalized children (n = 62), with a median age of 13.5 months (IQR, 1.8–43.5 months) were younger than children not admitted (n = 97; median age, 81.0 months [IQR, 34.5–120.5 months]; P < .01.). Thirty-three of 159 (20.8%) children had preexisting medical conditions. Fifty-one of 62 (82.3%) hospitalized children were symptomatic; lower respiratory tract infection was diagnosed in 21 of 51 (41.2%) children, and in 11 of 16 (68.8%) children <3 months of age. Respiratory support was required in 25 of 51 (49.0%) children; 13 of these (52.0%) were <3 months of age. One child was HIV infected and 11 of 51 (21.2%) were HIV exposed but uninfected, and 7 of 51 (13.7%) children had a recent or new diagnosis of tuberculosis. Conclusions Children <1 year of age hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 in Cape Town frequently required respiratory support. Access to oxygen may be limited in some low- and middle-income countries, which could potentially drive morbidity and mortality. HIV infection was uncommon but a relationship between HIV exposure, tuberculosis, and SARS-CoV-2 should be explored.
Related Topics
Concepts
Medicine
Cape
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Respiratory illness
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Coronavirus
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
Severity of illness
Betacoronavirus
Intensive care medicine
Pediatrics
Respiratory system
Virology
Disease
Outbreak
Internal medicine
Infectious disease (medical specialty)
Geography
Archaeology
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1666
- https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/72/12/e938/43811700/ciaa1666.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 50
- References
- 22
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3104381259
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3104381259Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1666Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Clinical Experience With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2–Related Illness in Children: Hospital Experience in Cape Town, South AfricaWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-11-09Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Marieke M. van der Zalm, Juanita Lishman, Lilly M. Verhagen, Andrew Redfern, Liezl Smit, Mikhail Barday, Dries Ruttens, A’ishah da Costa, Sandra van Jaarsveld, Justina Itana, Neshaad Schrueder, Marije Van Schalkwyk, Noor Parker, Ilse Nadine Appel, Barend Fourie, Mathilda Claassen, J. Workman, Pierre Goussard, Gert U. van Zyl, Helena RabieList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1666Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/72/12/e938/43811700/ciaa1666.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/72/12/e938/43811700/ciaa1666.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Medicine, Cape, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Respiratory illness, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Coronavirus, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Severity of illness, Betacoronavirus, Intensive care medicine, Pediatrics, Respiratory system, Virology, Disease, Outbreak, Internal medicine, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Geography, ArchaeologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
50Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 8, 2023: 12, 2022: 17, 2021: 11Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
22Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.13 | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.16 | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.17 | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21 | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.24 | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.25 | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.51 | 147, 168, 188, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.62 | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 229, 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 23, 144, 151, 165, 218, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 50, 96, 122, 131, 146, 153, 159, 167, 172, 178, 187, 197, 207, 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 59, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.159 | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.97; | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HIV | 183, 191, 244, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.One | 72, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age | 95, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 28, 67, 150, 185, 195, 234, 242, 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 16, 193, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 126, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 142, 163, 182, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.13.5 | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.48.0 | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.62), | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.81.0 | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cape | 62, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.July | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Town | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age, | 77, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age. | 160, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aged | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 38, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low- | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seem | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 85, 102, 136, 175, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 25, 43, 55, 92, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.year | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(HIV) | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IQR, | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2020. | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.April | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.South | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Town, | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[IQR, | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.about | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acute | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.child | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drive | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.known | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tract | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virus | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index..01.). | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Access | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.little | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.living | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.median | 94, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months | 79, 98, 114, 158, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oxygen | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recent | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.severe | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.should | 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.{IQR}, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(13.7%) | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(20.8%) | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(21.2%) | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(41.2%) | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(49.0%) | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(52.0%) | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(68.8%) | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(82.3%) | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(median | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.African | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 64, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.burden. | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposed | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hundred | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limited | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medical | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months) | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serious | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.younger | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.&lt; | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Children | 2, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.admitted | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children | 21, 42, 51, 75, 88, 105, 125, 135, 156, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 37, 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease, | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infected | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months]) | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months]; | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reflects | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 164, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.settings | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support. | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.syndrome | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uncommon | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.&lt;1 | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.&lt;3 | 157, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Fifty-one | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hospital, | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Tygerberg | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children, | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children; | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosed | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosis | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explored. | 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposure, | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included. | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infection | 141, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.morbidity | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protected | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.&lt;13 | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.8–43.5 | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2 | 57, 217, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.countries, | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fifty-nine | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequently | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mortality. | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presenting | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relatively | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Respiratory | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2. | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions. | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coronavirus | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potentially | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preexisting | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respiratory | 10, 139, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uninfected, | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.12.0–106.0 | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.34.5–120.5 | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hospitalized | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Thirty-three | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hospitalized | 134, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relationship | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptomatic; | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tuberculosis | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.middle-income | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tuberculosis, | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tuberculosis. | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[interquartile | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunodeficiency | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.laboratory-confirmed | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SARS-CoV-2)–related | 14 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 100 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| countries_distinct_count | 3 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 20 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5099999904632568 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | No poverty |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.87703403 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |