Clinical Sensitivity and Specificity of Meconium Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester, Ethyl Glucuronide, and Ethyl Sulfate for Detecting Maternal Drinking during Pregnancy Article Swipe
Sarah K. Himes
,
Kimberly A. Dukes
,
Tara Tripp
,
Julie M. Petersen
,
Cheri Raffo
,
Larry Burd
,
Hein J. Odendaal
,
Amy Elliott
,
Dale Hereld
,
Caroline Signore
,
Marian Willinger
,
Marilyn A. Huestis
·
YOU?
·
· 2015
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.233718
YOU?
·
· 2015
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.233718
BACKGROUND We investigated agreement between self-reported prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and objective meconium alcohol markers to determine the optimal meconium marker and threshold for identifying PAE. METHODS Meconium fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), ethyl glucuronide (EtG), and ethyl sulfate (EtS) were quantified by LC-MS/MS in 0.1 g meconium from infants of Safe Passage Study participants. Detailed PAE information was collected from women with a validated timeline follow-back interview. Because meconium formation begins during weeks 12–20, maternal self-reported drinking at or beyond 19 weeks was our exposure variable. RESULTS Of 107 women, 33 reported no alcohol consumption in pregnancy, 16 stopped drinking by week 19, and 58 drank beyond 19 weeks (including 45 third-trimester drinkers). There was moderate to substantial agreement between self-reported PAE at ≥19 weeks and meconium EtG ≥30 ng/g (κ = 0.57, 95% CI 0.41–0.73). This biomarker and associated cutoff was superior to a 7 FAEE sum ≥2 nmol/g and all other individual and combination marker cutoffs. With meconium EtG ≥30 ng/g as the gold standard condition and maternal self-report at ≥19 weeks' gestation as the test condition, 82% clinical sensitivity (95% CI 71.6–92.0) and 75% specificity (95% CI 63.2–86.8) were observed. A significant dose–concentration relationship between self-reported drinks per drinking day and meconium EtG ≥30 ng/g also was observed (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Maternal alcohol consumption at ≥19 weeks was better represented by meconium EtG ≥30 ng/g than currently used FAEE cutoffs.
Related Topics
Concepts
Ethyl glucuronide
Meconium
Pregnancy
Medicine
Alcohol
Biomarker
Gestation
Obstetrics
Urine
Internal medicine
Chemistry
Alcohol consumption
Fetus
Biochemistry
Biology
Genetics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.233718
- http://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/clinchem/61/3/523.full.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 90
- References
- 42
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2014797104
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2014797104Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.233718Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Clinical Sensitivity and Specificity of Meconium Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester, Ethyl Glucuronide, and Ethyl Sulfate for Detecting Maternal Drinking during PregnancyWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2015Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2015-01-17Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sarah K. Himes, Kimberly A. Dukes, Tara Tripp, Julie M. Petersen, Cheri Raffo, Larry Burd, Hein J. Odendaal, Amy Elliott, Dale Hereld, Caroline Signore, Marian Willinger, Marilyn A. HuestisList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.233718Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/clinchem/61/3/523.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/clinchem/61/3/523.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Ethyl glucuronide, Meconium, Pregnancy, Medicine, Alcohol, Biomarker, Gestation, Obstetrics, Urine, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Alcohol consumption, Fetus, Biochemistry, Biology, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
90Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 11, 2023: 12, 2022: 7, 2021: 9Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
42Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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