Comet formation in collapsing pebble clouds Article Swipe
Sebastian Lorek
,
Bastian Gundlach
,
Pedro Lacerda
,
Jürgen Blum
·
YOU?
·
· 2016
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526565
YOU?
·
· 2016
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526565
\n Context. Comets are remnants of the icy planetesimals that formed beyond the ice line in the solar nebula. Growing from μm-sized dust and ice particles to km-sized objects is, however, difficult because of growth barriers and time scale constraints. The gravitational collapse of pebble clouds that formed through the streaming instability may provide a suitable mechanism for comet formation.\n Aims. We study the collisional compression of silica, ice, and silica/ice-mixed pebbles during gravitational collapse of pebble clouds. Using the initial volume-filling factor and the dust-to-ice ratio of the pebbles as free parameters, we constrain the dust-to-ice mass ratio of the formed comet and the resulting volume-filling factor of the pebbles, depending on the cloud mass. \n Methods. We use the representative particle approach, which is a Monte Carlo method, to follow cloud collapse and collisional evolution of an ensemble of ice, silica, and silica/ice-mixed pebbles. Therefore, we developed a collision model which takes the various collision properties of dust and ice into account. We study pebbles with a compact size of 1 cm and vary the initial volume-filling factors, φ0, ranging from 0.001 to 0.4. We consider mixed pebbles as having dust-to-ice ratios between 0.5 and 10. We investigate four typical cloud masses, M, between 2.6 × 1014 (very low) and 2.6 × 1023 g (high). \n Results. Except for the very low-mass cloud (M = 2.6 × 1014 g), silica pebbles are always compressed during the collapse and attain volume-filling factors in the range from ⟨ φ ⟩ V ≈ 0.22 to 0.43, regardless of φ0. Ice pebbles experience no significant compression in very low-mass clouds. They are compressed to values in the range ⟨ φ ⟩ V ≈ 0.11 to 0.17 in low- and intermediate-mass clouds (M = 2.6 × 1017−2.6 × 1020 g); in high-mass clouds (M = 2.6 × 1023 g), ice pebbles end up with ⟨ φ ⟩ V ≈ 0.23. Mixed pebbles obtain filling factors in between the values for pure ice and pure silica. We find that the observed cometary density of ~0.5 g cm-3 can only be explained by either intermediate- or high-mass clouds, regardless of φ0, and also by either very low- or low-mass clouds for initially compact pebbles. In any case, the dust-to-ice ratio must be in the range of between 3 ≲ ξ ≲ 9 to match the observed bulk properties of comet nuclei. \n
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526565
- https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2016/03/aa26565-15.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 51
- References
- 61
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4299676531
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4299676531Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526565Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Comet formation in collapsing pebble cloudsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2016Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2016-01-25Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Sebastian Lorek, Bastian Gundlach, Pedro Lacerda, Jürgen BlumList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526565Publisher landing page
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https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2016/03/aa26565-15.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2016/03/aa26565-15.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Comet, Formation and evolution of the Solar System, Physics, Pebble, Planetesimal, Gravitational instability, Comet dust, Astrophysics, Nebula, Astrobiology, Cosmic dust, Interplanetary dust cloud, Solar System, Geology, Geomorphology, Stars, GalaxyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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51Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2024: 1, 2023: 5, 2022: 3, 2021: 9, 2020: 8Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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61Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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