Common and unique network basis for externally and internally driven flexibility in cognition: From a developmental perspective Article Swipe
Ziyi Huang
,
Dazhi Yin
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528
Flexibility is a hallmark of cognitive control and can be driven externally and internally, corresponding to reactive and spontaneous flexibility. However, the convergence and divergence between these two types of flexibility and their underlying neural basis during development remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the common and unique networks for reactive and spontaneous flexibility as a function of age and sex, leveraging both cross-sectional and longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets with different temporal resolutions (N = 249, 6-35 years old). Functional connectivity strength and nodal flexibility, derived from static and dynamic frameworks respectively, were utilized. We found similar quadratic effects of age on reactive and spontaneous flexibility, which were mediated by the functional connectivity strength and nodal flexibility of the frontoparietal network. Divergence was observed, with the nodal flexibility of the ventral attention network at the baseline visit uniquely predicting the increase in reactive flexibility 24-30 months later, while the nodal flexibility or functional connectivity strength of the dorsal attention network could specifically predict the increase in spontaneous flexibility. Sex differences were found in tasks measuring reactive and spontaneous flexibility simultaneously, which were moderated by the nodal flexibility of the dorsal attention network. This study advances our understanding of distinct types of flexibility in cognition and their underlying mechanisms throughout developmental stages. Our findings also suggest the importance of studying specific types of cognitive flexibility abnormalities in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 138
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4407196450
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4407196450Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Common and unique network basis for externally and internally driven flexibility in cognition: From a developmental perspectiveWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-02-06Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ziyi Huang, Dazhi YinList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101528Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Perspective (graphical), Psychology, Cognition, Flexibility (engineering), Cognitive flexibility, Cognitive science, Cognitive psychology, Basis (linear algebra), Neuroscience, Artificial intelligence, Computer science, Geometry, Statistics, MathematicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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138Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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