Comparison of Executive Function Skills between Patients with Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Article Swipe
Nóra Zimonyi
,
Tamás Kói
,
Viktor Dombrádi
,
Marcell Imrei
,
Rita Nagy
,
Márk Ágoston Pulay
,
Zsolt Láng
,
Péter Hegyi
,
Zsófia K. Takács
,
Ibolya Túri
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071867
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071867
Background: Children with CP show deficits in executive function compared to their typically developing peers, based on the majority of the available evidence. However, the magnitude of these deficits, as well as the proportions of the shortfalls in the three main components, have not yet been examined. This is the first meta-analysis to synthesize evidence on the magnitude of differences between patients with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing populations in different components of executive function skills (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), and thus makes recommendations on which areas of executive functioning are in greatest need of intervention. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of four databases for studies that measured executive functions in these two groups until 31 August 2023. We calculated the standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g), an average effect size overall, and for the three components of executive function skills separately, we used several moderator analyses, including methodological differences between the primary studies. Results: Fifteen articles were included in the meta-analysis. The average mean difference in executive functioning overall was large (g+ = −0.82). Furthermore, large significant differences were found in working memory (g+ = −0.92) and inhibitory control (g+ = −0.82) and a moderate difference was identified in cognitive flexibility (g+ = −0.57). In addition, results of moderator analyses reveal the importance of a rigorous matching of control group participants and CP patients. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a severe impairment in all executive functions among CP patients compared to typically developing peers, which do not decrease over time.
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Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071867
- https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1867/pdf?version=1711272223
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 6
- References
- 40
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4393149820
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4393149820Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071867Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Comparison of Executive Function Skills between Patients with Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisWork title
- Type
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reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-03-24Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Nóra Zimonyi, Tamás Kói, Viktor Dombrádi, Marcell Imrei, Rita Nagy, Márk Ágoston Pulay, Zsolt Láng, Péter Hegyi, Zsófia K. Takács, Ibolya TúriList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071867Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1867/pdf?version=1711272223Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1867/pdf?version=1711272223Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Medicine, Meta-analysis, Cerebral palsy, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Executive summary, Internal medicine, Biotechnology, BiologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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6Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 5, 2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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40Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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