Complex patterns on HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay in a large sample referred for anti-cell autoantibodies detection Article Swipe
Wilton Ferreira Silva Santos
,
Ana Paula de Castro Cantuária
,
Daniele de Castro Félix
,
Natália Carvalho Guimarães
,
Igor Cabral Santos de Melo
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526
Introduction The combination of patterns is a frequent and challenging situation in the daily laboratory routine of autoantibodies testing using HEp-2 cells indirect immunofluorescence assay (HEp-2-IFA). Recently, the Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies (BCA) named these combinations as complex patterns (CPs) and organized them into 3 subtypes: multiple, mixed, and composite. This study aimed to describe the most frequent combinations of HEp-2-IIF patterns according to this new nomenclature. Methods Routine HEp-2-IFA results reported in January and June 2017 were reviewed using the new BCA classification. Visual pattern recognition was performed by experts on HEp-2-IFA readings, using the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Patterns (ICAP) and BCA recommendations. Results 54,990 serum samples from different patients were tested for ANA-HEp-2, and 11,478 (20.9%) were positive at a titer ≥ 1/80. Among these positive samples, 1,111 (9.7%) displayed CPs, divided into 95 different combinations. A higher proportion of CPs was observed in the pediatric age group. Multiple, mixed, and composite patterns were present in 85.3, 5.4, and 9.5% of the samples, respectively. In the multiple/mixed pattern group (n=1,005), double, triple, and quadruple combinations (ICAP/BCA codes) were observed in 97.7%, 2.2%, and 0.1%, respectively. The double nuclear pattern was the most prevalent combination observed (67.6%). The most common CPs registered were AC-4 (nuclear fine speckled) + AC-6,7 (nuclear discrete dots) (n=264); AC-2 (nuclear dense fine speckled) + AC-6,7 (n=201); AC-4+AC-8,9,10 (nucleolar) (n=129); and AC-3 (centromere)+AC-4 (n=124). All of these combinations were in the multiple subgroup. Conclusion Almost 10% of positive results in the HEp-2 procedure displayed CPs. Among the 3 subtypes of CPs proposed, the multiple pattern was the most prevalent, especially in the pediatric population. The AC-4, AC-2, and AC-6,7 were the most prevalent single patterns observed in the combinations described in this study. There was a significant association between age and the prevalence of most combined patterns. The AC-4+AC-6,7 combination was the most prevalent complex pattern detected regardless of the age group. The AC-2+AC-6,7 was more prevalent in younger individuals. The concepts involved in the CPs definition should add value to the reading and interpretation of the HEp-2-IIF assay.
Related Topics
Concepts
IIf
Anti-nuclear antibody
Autoantibody
Indirect immunofluorescence
Titer
Immunofluorescence
Antibody
Medicine
Internal medicine
Pathology
Immunology
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526
- https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526/pdf?isPublishedV2=False
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 3
- References
- 50
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4390824996
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4390824996Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Complex patterns on HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay in a large sample referred for anti-cell autoantibodies detectionWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-01-12Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Wilton Ferreira Silva Santos, Ana Paula de Castro Cantuária, Daniele de Castro Félix, Natália Carvalho Guimarães, Igor Cabral Santos de MeloList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526Publisher landing page
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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526/pdf?isPublishedV2=FalseDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256526/pdf?isPublishedV2=FalseDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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IIf, Anti-nuclear antibody, Autoantibody, Indirect immunofluorescence, Titer, Immunofluorescence, Antibody, Medicine, Internal medicine, Pathology, ImmunologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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3Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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50Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.immunofluorescence | 23 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 96 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5001462572 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210098766 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.72651092 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |