Construct Validation of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) among Young College-Aged Women Article Swipe
Deniz Azarmanesh
,
Jessica Pearlman
,
Elena T. Carbone
,
Janie DiNatale
,
Elizabeth R. Bertone‐Johnson
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553
The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is designed to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. While previous research has utilized DII among college-aged women, no study to date has validated it in this population. We conducted a construct validation of DII among 393 healthy women aged 18–31 years against a robust panel of 14 inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, which were used in the development of DII. Three linear regression models were constructed: (1) an age-adjusted model, (2) the most parsimonious model based on likelihood ratio tests, and (3) a fully adjusted model for age, race, body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking status, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. DII was derived from the Harvard food frequency questionnaire and categorized into quartiles. Consistent with our hypothesis, DII was negatively and significantly associated with back-transformed IL-10 levels, confirming that a more pro-inflammatory diet was associated with lower levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine (Model 3: Q4 vs. Q1 β = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.93; p-trend = 0.04). While validated in other populations, DII may not be a suitable tool for assessing the inflammatory potential of the diet among college-aged women.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 6
- References
- 57
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4387971629
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4387971629Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Construct Validation of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) among Young College-Aged WomenWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-10-27Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Deniz Azarmanesh, Jessica Pearlman, Elena T. Carbone, Janie DiNatale, Elizabeth R. Bertone‐JohnsonList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Construct (python library), Index (typography), Gerontology, Construct validity, Medicine, Internal medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychometrics, Computer science, World Wide Web, Programming languageTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
6Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5, 2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
57Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4387971629 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960206 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4387971629 |
| fwci | 1.5624919 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D016753 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Interleukin-10 |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D007249 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Inflammation |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D004032 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Diet |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D015415 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Biomarkers |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D000893 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Anti-Inflammatory Agents |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D016753 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Interleukin-10 |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D007249 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Inflammation |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D004032 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Diet |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D015415 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Biomarkers |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D000893 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Anti-Inflammatory Agents |
| type | article |
| title | Construct Validation of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) among Young College-Aged Women |
| biblio.issue | 21 |
| biblio.volume | 15 |
| biblio.last_page | 4553 |
| biblio.first_page | 4553 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12873 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/29 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Nursing |
| topics[0].score | 0.9940999746322632 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2916 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Nutrition and Dietetics |
| topics[0].display_name | Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10866 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9930999875068665 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2739 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
| topics[1].display_name | Nutritional Studies and Diet |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12075 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/29 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Nursing |
| topics[2].score | 0.9269999861717224 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2916 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Nutrition and Dietetics |
| topics[2].display_name | Sodium Intake and Health |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2600 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2815 |
| apc_paid.value | 2600 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2815 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2780801425 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.5923902988433838 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Construct (python library) |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2777382242 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5577114224433899 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Index (typography) |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C74909509 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5313264727592468 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Gerontology |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C49453240 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5132629871368408 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Construct validity |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4967730641365051 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.37381845712661743 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C70410870 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.17150697112083435 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Clinical psychology |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C171606756 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.16369307041168213 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Psychometrics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.15924662351608276 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C136764020 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466 |
| concepts[9].display_name | World Wide Web |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C199360897 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Programming language |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/construct |
| keywords[0].score | 0.5923902988433838 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Construct (python library) |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/index |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5577114224433899 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Index (typography) |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/gerontology |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5313264727592468 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Gerontology |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/construct-validity |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5132629871368408 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Construct validity |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4967730641365051 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[5].score | 0.37381845712661743 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology |
| keywords[6].score | 0.17150697112083435 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Clinical psychology |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometrics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.16369307041168213 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Psychometrics |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[8].score | 0.15924662351608276 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Computer science |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/nu15214553 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Nutrients |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:37960206 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960206 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10647813 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10647813/pdf/nutrients-15-04553.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10647813 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084041947 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Deniz Azarmanesh |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03xrrjk67 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of Alabama |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Deniz Azarmanesh |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5061978309 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Jessica Pearlman |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Social Science Research, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0072zz521 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of Massachusetts Amherst |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Jessica Pearlman |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Social Science Research, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5103244675 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-0767 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Elena T. Carbone |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I177605424, https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Nutrition and Commonwealth Honors College, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I177605424 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/028vqfs63 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I177605424 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Amherst College |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0072zz521 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | University of Massachusetts Amherst |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Elena T. Carbone |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Nutrition and Commonwealth Honors College, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5052281544 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-3946 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Janie DiNatale |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03xrrjk67 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Alabama |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Janie C. DiNatale |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5009894945 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9977-9170 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Elizabeth R. Bertone‐Johnson |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0072zz521 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I24603500 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University of Massachusetts Amherst |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Construct Validation of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) among Young College-Aged Women |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12873 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/29 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Nursing |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9940999746322632 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2916 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Nutrition and Dietetics |
| primary_topic.display_name | Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4380136770, https://openalex.org/W2067674665, https://openalex.org/W4380568662, https://openalex.org/W3135512811, https://openalex.org/W2279151839, https://openalex.org/W2964200250, https://openalex.org/W2016749656, https://openalex.org/W2906877784, https://openalex.org/W2019962676, https://openalex.org/W2016506764 |
| cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/nu15214553 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Nutrients |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/nu15214553 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Nutrients |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4553/pdf?version=1698389954 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214553 |
| publication_date | 2023-10-27 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2791386016, https://openalex.org/W3135893275, https://openalex.org/W2121076832, https://openalex.org/W2129113616, https://openalex.org/W2587209840, https://openalex.org/W2625464861, https://openalex.org/W2600916864, https://openalex.org/W1988667864, https://openalex.org/W4224260624, https://openalex.org/W2155379427, https://openalex.org/W2941975309, https://openalex.org/W2792738411, https://openalex.org/W4200395717, https://openalex.org/W4256152092, https://openalex.org/W2915542172, https://openalex.org/W2054200483, https://openalex.org/W1998256048, https://openalex.org/W1973013468, https://openalex.org/W2022288521, https://openalex.org/W2968822806, https://openalex.org/W2472364046, https://openalex.org/W2063838700, https://openalex.org/W3080795331, https://openalex.org/W2792792528, https://openalex.org/W4296096160, https://openalex.org/W2789654294, https://openalex.org/W2888517981, https://openalex.org/W4220831386, https://openalex.org/W3048119336, https://openalex.org/W2939490129, https://openalex.org/W3197731271, https://openalex.org/W2492351036, https://openalex.org/W2222665820, https://openalex.org/W2790755776, https://openalex.org/W2000770184, https://openalex.org/W2087016664, https://openalex.org/W2101232187, https://openalex.org/W2527255327, https://openalex.org/W2103825558, https://openalex.org/W2002698099, https://openalex.org/W2093223464, https://openalex.org/W2158187071, https://openalex.org/W2045065444, https://openalex.org/W2074276081, https://openalex.org/W2892150593, https://openalex.org/W2891544333, https://openalex.org/W2148361935, https://openalex.org/W2416122254, https://openalex.org/W2993908729, https://openalex.org/W2161074777, https://openalex.org/W2548988343, https://openalex.org/W2011502027, https://openalex.org/W7073663401, https://openalex.org/W4206296122, https://openalex.org/W6642762043, https://openalex.org/W1969691571, https://openalex.org/W3026631087 |
| referenced_works_count | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.= | 163, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 36, 49, 94, 144, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.14 | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3: | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Q1 | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Q4 | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 79, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 31, 67, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.no | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 12, 39, 52, 70, 153, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 7, 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.β | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(1) | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2) | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3) | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.393 | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.95% | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CI: | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DII | 20, 40, 115, 132, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 62, 92, 110, 124, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 98, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 18, 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 9, 13, 68, 83, 119, 186, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vs. | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 116, 133, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CRP, | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DII. | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age, | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aged | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.body | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.date | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diet | 147, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drug | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.food | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mass | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tool | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use. | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 65, 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 129, 138, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(DII) | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.42, | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.62; | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.93; | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IL-10 | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IL-4, | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IL-6, | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Index | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Three | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.While | 15, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 21, 41, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diet. | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 86, 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.panel | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.race, | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratio | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waist | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Model | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.04). | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IL-10, | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assess | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.index, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linear | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model, | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robust | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tests, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women, | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women. | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18–31 | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Dietary | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Harvard | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IL-1β, | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TNF-α, | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derived | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels, | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p-trend | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smoking | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.status, | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjusted | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytokine | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.designed | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physical | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitable | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utilized | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activity, | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessing | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.construct | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequency | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 11, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validated | 29, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Consistent | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 137, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirming | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.likelihood | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negatively | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quartiles. | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regression | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validation | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomarkers, | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.categorized | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hypothesis, | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population. | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Inflammatory | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age-adjusted | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.college-aged | 22, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constructed: | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inflammatory | 10, 54, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonsteroidal | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parsimonious | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations, | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.questionnaire | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circumference, | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.back-transformed | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pro-inflammatory | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anti-inflammatory | 112, 155 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5084041947 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I17301866 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7900000214576721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.76710777 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |