Contemplative Mental Training Reduces Hair Glucocorticoid Levels in a Randomized Clinical Trial Article Swipe
Lara Puhlmann
,
Pascal Vrtička
,
Roman Linz
,
Tobias Stalder
,
Clemens Kirschbaum
,
Veronika Engert
,
Tania Singer
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of regular contemplative mental training on endocrine and psychological indices of long-term stress. Methods An open-label efficacy trial that comprised three distinct 3-month long modules targeting attention and interoception, socioaffective, or sociocognitive abilities through dyadic exercises and secularized meditation practices was conducted with healthy adults. Participants underwent the training for 3 or 9 months, or were assigned to a retest control cohort. Chronic stress indices were assayed at four time points: pretraining and after 3, 6, and 9 months. The main outcome measures were cortisol (HC) and cortisone (HE) concentration in hair and self-reported long-term stress. Results Of 362 initially randomized individuals, 30 dropped out before study initiation ( n = 332; mean [SD] age = 40.7 [9.2] years; 197 women). Hair-based glucocorticoid assays were available from n = 227, and questionnaire data from n = 326. Results from three separate training cohorts (TC1–3) revealed consistent decreases in HC and HE levels over the first three (TC3) to 6 months (TC1 and TC2) of training, with no further reduction at the final 9-month mark (baseline to end of training differences, HC, TC1: t (355) = 2.59, p = .010, contrast estimate (est.) [SE] = 0.35 [0.14]; HC, TC2: t (363) = 4.06, p < .001, est. = 0.48 [0.12]; HC, TC3: t (368) = 3.18, p = .002, est. = 0.41 [0.13]; HE, TC1: t (435) = 3.23, p = .001, est. = 0.45 [0.14]; HE, TC2: t (442) = 2.60, p = .010, est. = 0.33 [0.13]; HE, TC3: t (446) = 4.18, p < .001, est. = 0.57 [0.14]). Training effects on HC increased with individual compliance (practice frequency), and effects on both HC and HE were independent of training content and unrelated to change in self-reported chronic stress. Self-reported stress, and cortisol-to-dehydroepiandrosterone ratios as an exploratory endpoint, were also reduced, albeit less consistently. Conclusions Our results point to the reduction of long-term cortisol exposure as a mechanism through which meditation-based mental training may exert positive effects on practitioners’ health. Trial Registration : ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01833104.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 26
- References
- 79
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3179157836
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3179157836Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Contemplative Mental Training Reduces Hair Glucocorticoid Levels in a Randomized Clinical TrialWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2021Year of publication
- Publication date
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2021-07-09Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Lara Puhlmann, Pascal Vrtička, Roman Linz, Tobias Stalder, Clemens Kirschbaum, Veronika Engert, Tania SingerList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000970Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Contemplation, Randomized controlled trial, Glucocorticoid, Psychology, Medicine, Clinical psychology, Psychotherapist, Internal medicine, Philosophy, TheologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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26Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3, 2024: 10, 2023: 8, 2022: 5Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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79Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.retest | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stress | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years; | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3-month | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9-month | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Chronic | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 105, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[0.12]; | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[0.13]; | 230, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[0.14]; | 204, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults. | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assayed | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronic | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohort. | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohorts | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.content | 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dropped | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 271, 281, 337 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health. | 340 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indices | 18, 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modules | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.months. | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcome | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.points: | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regular | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 317 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stress, | 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stress. | 21, 104, 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 42, 329 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women). | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ABSTRACT | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Training | 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[0.14]). | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assigned | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contrast | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cortisol | 93, 324 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficacy | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimate | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposure | 325 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measures | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positive | 336 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduced, | 311 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.separate | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training | 13, 57, 150, 187, 290, 333 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(TC1–3) | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(baseline | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(practice | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.abilities | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attention | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.available | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprised | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cortisone | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decreases | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.endocrine | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.endpoint, | 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exercises | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initially | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.long-term | 20, 103, 323 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mechanism | 328 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practices | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduction | 177, 321 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeting | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training, | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underwent | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unrelated | 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hair-based | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compliance | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistent | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individual | 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initiation | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meditation | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.open-label | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomized | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploratory | 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequency), | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identifier: | 345 |
| abstract_inverted_index.independent | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pretraining | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.secularized | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NCT01833104. | 346 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Participants | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Registration | 342 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences, | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals, | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Self-reported | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentration | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistently. | 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contemplative | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychological | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.questionnaire | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.self-reported | 102, 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glucocorticoid | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interoception, | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sociocognitive | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.socioaffective, | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meditation-based | 331 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practitioners’ | 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ClinicalTrials.gov | 344 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cortisol-to-dehydroepiandrosterone | 303 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5056384597 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I206895457, https://openalex.org/I78650965 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.90758676 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |