Correlation of Slow and Fast Electron Holes With Local Ion Distribution Minimum Article Swipe

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Yue Dong , Zhigang Yuan , S. Y. Huang , Xiongdong Yu , Zuxiang Xue , Honghong Wu , Dedong Wang , C. J. Pollock , R. B. Torbert , J. L. Burch ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ja033646

Although the theory of electron holes has a 60‐year history, whether fast and slow electron holes may share a common origin remains enigmatic. Here, with observations of Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, we report that slow electron holes are accompanied with ion beams while fast electron holes are not. The velocity of slow holes is observed to vary with the local ion beam intensity and have the potential to be accelerated. Simulations demonstrate that ion distribution with a distinct beam constrains the velocity of electron holes into slow holes with stable electric field amplitudes while a weak beam fails to confine the hole's velocity but accelerates them through ion repulsion into fast holes with amplitude decay. Therefore, we speculate that the fast and slow electron holes may share a common origin and their subsequent behavior is determined by different ion distributions.

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Mathematical Analysis

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Distribution (mathematics) Ion Electron Correlation Physics Atomic physics Statistical physics Mathematics Geometry Nuclear physics Mathematical analysis Quantum mechanics

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Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ja033646
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Title: Correlation of Slow and Fast Electron Holes With Local Ion Distribution Minimum

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Publication year: 2025

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Authors: Yue Dong, Zhigang Yuan, S. Y. Huang, Xiongdong Yu, Zuxiang Xue, Honghong Wu, Dedong Wang, C. J. Pollock, R. B. Torbert, J. L. Burch

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Concepts: Distribution (mathematics), Ion, Electron, Correlation, Physics, Atomic physics, Statistical physics, Mathematics, Geometry, Nuclear physics, Mathematical analysis, Quantum mechanics

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primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
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primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ja033646
publication_date	2025-05-01
publication_year	2025
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