Cross-direct effects in settings with two mediators Article Swipe
Erin E. Gabriel
,
Arvid Sjölander
,
Dean Follmann
,
Michael C. Sachs
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037
Summary When multiple mediators are present, there are additional effects that may be of interest beyond the well-known natural (NDE) and controlled direct effects (CDE). These effects cross the type of control on the mediators, setting one to a constant level and one to its natural level, which differs across subjects. We introduce five such estimands for the cross-CDE and -NDE when two mediators are measured. We consider both the scenario where one mediator is influenced by the other, referred to as sequential mediators, and the scenario where the mediators do not influence each other. Such estimands may be of interest in immunology, as we discuss in relation to measured immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We provide identifying expressions for the estimands in observational settings where there is no residual confounding, and where intervention, outcome, and mediators are of arbitrary type. We further provide tight symbolic bounds for the estimands in randomized settings where there may be residual confounding of the outcome and mediator relationship and all measured variables are binary.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 27
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4294167987
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4294167987Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Cross-direct effects in settings with two mediatorsWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2022Year of publication
- Publication date
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2022-09-02Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Erin E. Gabriel, Arvid Sjölander, Dean Follmann, Michael C. SachsList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxac037Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Observational study, Confounding, Causal inference, Outcome (game theory), Randomized controlled trial, Econometrics, Psychology, Computer science, Medicine, Statistics, Mathematics, Internal medicine, Mathematical economicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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27Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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