Cross-modal associations and synesthesia: Categorical perception and structure in vowel–color mappings in a large online sample Article Swipe
Christine Cuskley
,
Mark Dingemanse
,
Simon Kirby
,
Tessa M. van Leeuwen
·
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7
We report associations between vowel sounds, graphemes, and colors collected online from over 1,000 Dutch speakers. We also provide open materials, including a Python implementation of the structure measure and code for a single-page web application to run simple cross-modal tasks. We also provide a full dataset of color-vowel associations from 1,164 participants, including over 200 synesthetes identified using consistency measures. Our analysis reveals salient patterns in the cross-modal associations and introduces a novel measure of isomorphism in cross-modal mappings. We found that, while the acoustic features of vowels significantly predict certain mappings (replicating prior work), both vowel phoneme category and grapheme category are even better predictors of color choice. Phoneme category is the best predictor of color choice overall, pointing to the importance of phonological representations in addition to acoustic cues. Generally, high/front vowels are lighter, more green, and more yellow than low/back vowels. Synesthetes respond more strongly on some dimensions, choosing lighter and more yellow colors for high and mid front vowels than do nonsynesthetes. We also present a novel measure of cross-modal mappings adapted from ecology, which uses a simulated distribution of mappings to measure the extent to which participants' actual mappings are structured isomorphically across modalities. Synesthetes have mappings that tend to be more structured than nonsynesthetes', and more consistent color choices across trials correlate with higher structure scores. Nevertheless, the large majority (~ 70%) of participants produce structured mappings, indicating that the capacity to make isomorphically structured mappings across distinct modalities is shared to a large extent, even if the exact nature of the mappings varies across individuals. Overall, this novel structure measure suggests a distribution of structured cross-modal association in the population, with synesthetes at one extreme and participants with unstructured associations at the other.
Related Topics
Concepts
Synesthesia
Categorical variable
Categorical perception
Sample (material)
Perception
Modal
Computer science
Vowel
Psychology
Artificial intelligence
Natural language processing
Speech recognition
Mathematics
Speech perception
Statistics
Physics
Neuroscience
Chemistry
Thermodynamics
Polymer chemistry
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 43
- References
- 59
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2919536366
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2919536366Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Cross-modal associations and synesthesia: Categorical perception and structure in vowel–color mappings in a large online sampleWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2019Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2019-04-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Christine Cuskley, Mark Dingemanse, Simon Kirby, Tessa M. van LeeuwenList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Synesthesia, Categorical variable, Categorical perception, Sample (material), Perception, Modal, Computer science, Vowel, Psychology, Artificial intelligence, Natural language processing, Speech recognition, Mathematics, Speech perception, Statistics, Physics, Neuroscience, Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Polymer chemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
43Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 6, 2024: 4, 2023: 5, 2022: 7, 2021: 9Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
59Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2919536366 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| ids.mag | 2919536366 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30945162 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2919536366 |
| fwci | 6.4164774 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D000162 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Acoustics |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D000369 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Aged, 80 and over |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D003116 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Color |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D003118 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Color Perception |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D003463 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Cues |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D010468 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Perceptual Disorders |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D013016 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Sound |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D000080311 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Synesthesia |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D000162 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Acoustics |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D000369 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Aged, 80 and over |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D003116 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Color |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D003118 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Color Perception |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D003463 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Cues |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D010468 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Perceptual Disorders |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D013016 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Sound |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D000080311 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Synesthesia |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| type | article |
| title | Cross-modal associations and synesthesia: Categorical perception and structure in vowel–color mappings in a large online sample |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G5195031545 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320321800 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | 451.14.025 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 51 |
| biblio.last_page | 1675 |
| biblio.first_page | 1651 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12032 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[0].score | 0.9987000226974487 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| topics[0].display_name | Multisensory perception and integration |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12694 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[1].score | 0.9936000108718872 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| topics[1].display_name | Categorization, perception, and language |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12496 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[2].score | 0.989799976348877 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3207 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Social Psychology |
| topics[2].display_name | Color perception and design |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320321800 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 |
| funders[0].display_name | Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2790 |
| apc_list.currency | EUR |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3590 |
| apc_paid.value | 2790 |
| apc_paid.currency | EUR |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3590 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2776664067 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9089256525039673 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13258 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Synesthesia |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C5274069 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7854229211807251 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Categorical variable |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C33640556 |
| concepts[2].level | 4 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6294432282447815 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2459671 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Categorical perception |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C198531522 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6003444194793701 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Sample (material) |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C26760741 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5527129769325256 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Perception |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C71139939 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5183426141738892 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Modal |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.45996031165122986 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2779581591 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4594491422176361 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Vowel |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4184364974498749 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.36144202947616577 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C204321447 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.33309656381607056 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Natural language processing |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C28490314 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.32869505882263184 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Speech recognition |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.3059125244617462 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C99209842 |
| concepts[13].level | 3 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.21960526704788208 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643696 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Speech perception |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.21662670373916626 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Statistics |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.07286244630813599 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Neuroscience |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C97355855 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Thermodynamics |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C188027245 |
| concepts[19].level | 1 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Polymer chemistry |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/synesthesia |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9089256525039673 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Synesthesia |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7854229211807251 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Categorical variable |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-perception |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6294432282447815 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Categorical perception |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sample |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6003444194793701 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Sample (material) |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/perception |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5527129769325256 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Perception |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/modal |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5183426141738892 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Modal |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[6].score | 0.45996031165122986 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/vowel |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4594491422176361 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Vowel |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4184364974498749 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[9].score | 0.36144202947616577 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing |
| keywords[10].score | 0.33309656381607056 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Natural language processing |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition |
| keywords[11].score | 0.32869505882263184 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Speech recognition |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.3059125244617462 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-perception |
| keywords[13].score | 0.21960526704788208 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Speech perception |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics |
| keywords[14].score | 0.21662670373916626 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Statistics |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[15].score | 0.07286244630813599 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Physics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S137478622 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1554-351X, 1554-3528 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1554-351X |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:30945162 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Behavior research methods |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30945162 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/c17b55fe-5cff-4e19-9e7f-6241eb2d6f40 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400320 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | University of Edinburgh |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/c17b55fe-5cff-4e19-9e7f-6241eb2d6f40 |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/c17b55fe-5cff-4e19-9e7f-6241eb2d6f40 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:ru:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/205885 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401843 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1322597698 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1322597698 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | http://hdl.handle.net/2066/205885 |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Behavior Research Methods, 51, 1651 - 1675 |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | http://hdl.handle.net/2066/205885 |
| locations[4].id | pmh:oai:eprint.ncl.ac.uk:257105 |
| locations[4].is_oa | False |
| locations[4].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402485 |
| locations[4].source.issn | |
| locations[4].source.type | repository |
| locations[4].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[4].source.issn_l | |
| locations[4].source.is_core | False |
| locations[4].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[4].source.display_name | Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) |
| locations[4].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_name | Newcastle University |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| locations[4].license | |
| locations[4].pdf_url | |
| locations[4].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[4].raw_type | |
| locations[4].license_id | |
| locations[4].is_accepted | False |
| locations[4].is_published | False |
| locations[4].raw_source_name | |
| locations[4].landing_page_url | |
| locations[5].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6691033 |
| locations[5].is_oa | True |
| locations[5].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[5].source.issn | |
| locations[5].source.type | repository |
| locations[5].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[5].source.issn_l | |
| locations[5].source.is_core | False |
| locations[5].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[5].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[5].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[5].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[5].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[5].license | other-oa |
| locations[5].pdf_url | |
| locations[5].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[5].raw_type | Text |
| locations[5].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[5].is_accepted | False |
| locations[5].is_published | False |
| locations[5].raw_source_name | Behav Res Methods |
| locations[5].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6691033 |
| locations[6].id | pmh:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/205885 |
| locations[6].is_oa | False |
| locations[6].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401067 |
| locations[6].source.issn | |
| locations[6].source.type | repository |
| locations[6].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[6].source.issn_l | |
| locations[6].source.is_core | False |
| locations[6].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[6].source.display_name | Radboud Repository (Radboud University) |
| locations[6].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| locations[6].source.host_organization_name | Radboud University Nijmegen |
| locations[6].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| locations[6].license | |
| locations[6].pdf_url | |
| locations[6].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[6].raw_type | Article / Letter to editor |
| locations[6].license_id | |
| locations[6].is_accepted | False |
| locations[6].is_published | False |
| locations[6].raw_source_name | https://www.ru.nl/donders/@1275213/radboud-science-awards-linguist-mark-dingemanse/ |
| locations[6].landing_page_url | https://hdl.handle.net/2066/205885 |
| locations[7].id | pmh:uvt:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:publications/298df09b-5e95-4b86-bb66-6194e1f3b48f |
| locations[7].is_oa | True |
| locations[7].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401843 |
| locations[7].source.issn | |
| locations[7].source.type | repository |
| locations[7].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[7].source.issn_l | |
| locations[7].source.is_core | False |
| locations[7].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[7].source.display_name | Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) |
| locations[7].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1322597698 |
| locations[7].source.host_organization_name | Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |
| locations[7].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1322597698 |
| locations[7].license | other-oa |
| locations[7].pdf_url | |
| locations[7].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[7].raw_type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| locations[7].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[7].is_accepted | False |
| locations[7].is_published | False |
| locations[7].raw_source_name | Behavior Research Methods, 51(4), 1651 - 1675. Springer |
| locations[7].landing_page_url | https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/298df09b-5e95-4b86-bb66-6194e1f3b48f |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5014295856 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-4556 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Christine Cuskley |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Centre for Language Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01nrxwf90 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of Edinburgh |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Christine Cuskley |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre for Language Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026975478 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5723 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Mark Dingemanse |
| authorships[1].countries | NL |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210089003 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210089003 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00671me87 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I149899117, https://openalex.org/I4210089003 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/016xsfp80 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | NL |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | Radboud University Nijmegen |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Mark Dingemanse |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5074565549 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-1340 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Simon Kirby |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Centre for Language Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01nrxwf90 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Edinburgh |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Simon Kirby |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre for Language Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002077589 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7810-6348 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Tessa M. van Leeuwen |
| authorships[3].countries | NL |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/016xsfp80 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I145872427 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Radboud University Nijmegen |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Tessa M. van Leeuwen |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Cross-modal associations and synesthesia: Categorical perception and structure in vowel–color mappings in a large online sample |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12032 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Psychology |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9987000226974487 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Multisensory perception and integration |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3036849098, https://openalex.org/W1600008513, https://openalex.org/W2399904909, https://openalex.org/W138075495, https://openalex.org/W1579706395, https://openalex.org/W2052589245, https://openalex.org/W2002995732, https://openalex.org/W3165768698, https://openalex.org/W3120169251, https://openalex.org/W2184889147 |
| cited_by_count | 43 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 7 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 9 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[6].year | 2019 |
| counts_by_year[6].cited_by_count | 7 |
| locations_count | 8 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S137478622 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1554-351X, 1554-3528 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1554-351X |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S137478622 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1554-351X, 1554-3528 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1554-351X |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Behavior Research Methods |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01203-7 |
| publication_date | 2019-04-03 |
| publication_year | 2019 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W1989553453, https://openalex.org/W1989624157, https://openalex.org/W1963740299, https://openalex.org/W2059450483, https://openalex.org/W2112348586, https://openalex.org/W6769316794, https://openalex.org/W2101516630, https://openalex.org/W2117453879, https://openalex.org/W2080211902, https://openalex.org/W934663831, https://openalex.org/W2119389062, https://openalex.org/W2159230047, https://openalex.org/W2108047313, https://openalex.org/W2132124341, https://openalex.org/W4244513086, https://openalex.org/W4382791921, https://openalex.org/W2010523604, https://openalex.org/W6661134337, https://openalex.org/W2754705524, https://openalex.org/W2104563567, https://openalex.org/W2101971030, https://openalex.org/W2254509181, https://openalex.org/W2012596618, https://openalex.org/W6633136056, https://openalex.org/W2045652842, https://openalex.org/W2097490927, https://openalex.org/W1591594779, https://openalex.org/W1561654176, https://openalex.org/W177708352, https://openalex.org/W2560054523, https://openalex.org/W1965551217, https://openalex.org/W2773309011, https://openalex.org/W1514520293, https://openalex.org/W2165373190, https://openalex.org/W2025644162, https://openalex.org/W2000512760, https://openalex.org/W2155299795, https://openalex.org/W2313851940, https://openalex.org/W2121438831, https://openalex.org/W2133507640, https://openalex.org/W1970794612, https://openalex.org/W1976951521, https://openalex.org/W2166340702, https://openalex.org/W2750216408, https://openalex.org/W6635702375, https://openalex.org/W2590263801, https://openalex.org/W1850488894, https://openalex.org/W2020344772, https://openalex.org/W2155998726, https://openalex.org/W2149764669, https://openalex.org/W2127990649, https://openalex.org/W2021041180, https://openalex.org/W2031108072, https://openalex.org/W2043551772, https://openalex.org/W2587732987, https://openalex.org/W1548293716, https://openalex.org/W2469500946, https://openalex.org/W2518692411, https://openalex.org/W1607611036 |
| referenced_works_count | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 22, 32, 44, 72, 170, 181, 249, 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(~ | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 0, 16, 41, 80, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 280, 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.do | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.if | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 66, 77, 127, 275 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 112, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 25, 47, 75, 87, 107, 116, 124, 173, 184, 229, 257, 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 36, 121, 129, 186, 190, 205, 238, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.200 | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 7, 29, 70, 100, 139, 154, 160, 211, 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 103, 135, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 31, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mid | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.run | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 26, 67, 84, 113, 122, 188, 224, 236, 254, 258, 276, 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.web | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.70%) | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 17, 42, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.best | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.code | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.even | 104, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 11, 50, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.full | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.make | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 137, 140, 147, 155, 207, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.open | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 12, 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tend | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 142, 164, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 203, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uses | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 219, 278, 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1,000 | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1,164 | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Dutch | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.color | 108, 117, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cues. | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exact | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.front | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.large | 225, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.novel | 73, 171, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prior | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vowel | 4, 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 179, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Python | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 198, 216, 243, 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.actual | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choice | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colors | 8, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extent | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.green, | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nature | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.online | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other. | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.report | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shared | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simple | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tasks. | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trials | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.varies | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vowels | 88, 134, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work), | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.yellow | 141, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Phoneme | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adapted | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.certain | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choice. | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choices | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dataset | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extent, | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extreme | 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lighter | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measure | 28, 74, 172, 187, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phoneme | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predict | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produce | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 18, 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respond | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reveals | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.salient | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scores. | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sounds, | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vowels. | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Overall, | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acoustic | 85, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.addition | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capacity | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.category | 99, 102, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choosing | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ecology, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.features | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grapheme | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lighter, | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low/back | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.majority | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mappings | 92, 175, 185, 194, 202, 242, 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overall, | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patterns | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pointing | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strongly | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggests | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correlate | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 21, 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mappings, | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mappings. | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measures. | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predictor | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulated | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.speakers. | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structure | 27, 221, 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Generally, | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistent | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.graphemes, | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high/front | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicating | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.introduces | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.materials, | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modalities | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predictors | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structured | 196, 208, 232, 241, 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Synesthetes | 145, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.application | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.association | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.color-vowel | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistency | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-modal | 39, 68, 78, 174, 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dimensions, | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.isomorphism | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modalities. | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population, | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-page | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synesthetes | 56, 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(replicating | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations | 2, 49, 69, 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distribution | 183, 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals. | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 230, 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phonological | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unstructured | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Nevertheless, | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants' | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants, | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementation | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.isomorphically | 197, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonsynesthetes. | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.representations | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonsynesthetes', | 210 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5026975478 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I145872427, https://openalex.org/I4210089003 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6700000166893005 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Quality Education |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.95805766 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |