Data from A Combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 Screen Identifies Ifenprodil as an Adjunct to Sorafenib for Liver Cancer Treatment Article Swipe

View

Feng Xu , Man Tong , Cindy S.W. Tong , Becky K.C. Chan , Hoi Yee Chu , Tin Lok Wong , John H.C. Fong , Maggie S.H. Cheung , Kylie Hin-Man Mak , Lakhansing Pardeshi , Yuanhua Huang , Koon Ho Wong , Gigi C.G. Choi , Stephanie Ma , Alan S.L. Wong ·

YOU? · · 2023 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1

Systematic testing of existing drugs and their combinations is an attractive strategy to exploit approved drugs for repurposing and identifying the best actionable treatment options. To expedite the search among many possible drug combinations, we designed a combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 screen to inhibit druggable targets. Coblockade of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) with targets of first-line kinase inhibitors reduced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth. Clinically, HCC patients with low NMDAR1 expression showed better survival. The clinically approved NMDAR antagonist ifenprodil synergized with sorafenib to induce the unfolded protein response, trigger cell-cycle arrest, downregulate genes associated with WNT signaling and stemness, and reduce self-renewal ability of HCC cells. In multiple HCC patient-derived organoids and human tumor xenograft models, the drug combination, but neither single drug alone, markedly reduced tumor-initiating cancer cell frequency. Because ifenprodil has an established safety history for its use as a vasodilator in humans, our findings support the repurposing of this drug as an adjunct for HCC treatment to improve clinical outcome and reduce tumor recurrence. These results also validate an approach for readily discovering actionable combinations for cancer therapy.Significance:Combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 screening identifies actionable targets for HCC therapy, uncovering the potential of combining the clinically approved drugs ifenprodil and sorafenib as a new effective treatment regimen.

Related Topics

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Concepts

Sorafenib Drug repositioning Medicine Repurposing Palbociclib Cancer Cancer research Ifenprodil Pharmacology Approved drug CRISPR Hepatocellular carcinoma Drug Internal medicine Biology Breast cancer Antagonist Receptor Ecology Gene Biochemistry Metastatic breast cancer

Metadata

Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
OA Status: gold
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4361826672

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4361826672

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Data from A Combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 Screen Identifies Ifenprodil as an Adjunct to Sorafenib for Liver Cancer Treatment

Work title
Type: preprint

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2023

Year of publication
Publication date: 2023-03-31

Full publication date if available
Authors: Feng Xu, Man Tong, Cindy S.W. Tong, Becky K.C. Chan, Hoi Yee Chu, Tin Lok Wong, John H.C. Fong, Maggie S.H. Cheung, Kylie Hin-Man Mak, Lakhansing Pardeshi, Yuanhua Huang, Koon Ho Wong, Gigi C.G. Choi, Stephanie Ma, Alan S.L. Wong

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1

Publisher landing page
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Sorafenib, Drug repositioning, Medicine, Repurposing, Palbociclib, Cancer, Cancer research, Ifenprodil, Pharmacology, Approved drug, CRISPR, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Drug, Internal medicine, Biology, Breast cancer, Antagonist, Receptor, Ecology, Gene, Biochemistry, Metastatic breast cancer

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4361826672
doi	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4361826672
fwci
type	preprint
title	Data from A Combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 Screen Identifies Ifenprodil as an Adjunct to Sorafenib for Liver Cancer Treatment
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10878
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/13
topics[0].field.display_name	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
topics[0].score	0.9983000159263611
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/1
topics[0].domain.display_name	Life Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1312
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Molecular Biology
topics[0].display_name	CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T11407
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[1].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[1].score	0.9682999849319458
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[1].display_name	Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C2778695046
concepts[0].level	3
concepts[0].score	0.7917680740356445
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421136
concepts[0].display_name	Sorafenib
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C103637391
concepts[1].level	3
concepts[1].score	0.5939494967460632
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308921
concepts[1].display_name	Drug repositioning
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[2].level	0
concepts[2].score	0.5477055311203003
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[2].display_name	Medicine
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C519536355
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.5376087427139282
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21021151
concepts[3].display_name	Repurposing
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C2779744173
concepts[4].level	5
concepts[4].score	0.5144503116607666
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15269707
concepts[4].display_name	Palbociclib
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C121608353
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.46147701144218445
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078
concepts[5].display_name	Cancer
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C502942594
concepts[6].level	1
concepts[6].score	0.4472256898880005
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914
concepts[6].display_name	Cancer research
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C2780376555
concepts[7].level	4
concepts[7].score	0.4396916627883911
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5991156
concepts[7].display_name	Ifenprodil
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C98274493
concepts[8].level	1
concepts[8].score	0.43850693106651306
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406
concepts[8].display_name	Pharmacology
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C2777494893
concepts[9].level	3
concepts[9].score	0.42599111795425415
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781752
concepts[9].display_name	Approved drug
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C98108389
concepts[10].level	3
concepts[10].score	0.42415785789489746
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412563
concepts[10].display_name	CRISPR
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C2778019345
concepts[11].level	2
concepts[11].score	0.36131566762924194
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148337
concepts[11].display_name	Hepatocellular carcinoma
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C2780035454
concepts[12].level	2
concepts[12].score	0.33525457978248596
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386
concepts[12].display_name	Drug
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C126322002
concepts[13].level	1
concepts[13].score	0.24163267016410828
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180
concepts[13].display_name	Internal medicine
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C86803240
concepts[14].level	0
concepts[14].score	0.23283475637435913
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420
concepts[14].display_name	Biology
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C530470458
concepts[15].level	3
concepts[15].score	0.18496686220169067
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581
concepts[15].display_name	Breast cancer
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C2776885963
concepts[16].level	3
concepts[16].score	0.15632539987564087
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245204
concepts[16].display_name	Antagonist
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C170493617
concepts[17].level	2
concepts[17].score	0.10246983170509338
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467
concepts[17].display_name	Receptor
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C18903297
concepts[18].level	1
concepts[18].score	0.0
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150
concepts[18].display_name	Ecology
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C104317684
concepts[19].level	2
concepts[19].score	0.0
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187
concepts[19].display_name	Gene
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C55493867
concepts[20].level	1
concepts[20].score	0.0
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094
concepts[20].display_name	Biochemistry
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C2775930923
concepts[21].level	4
concepts[21].score	0.0
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12859063
concepts[21].display_name	Metastatic breast cancer
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/sorafenib
keywords[0].score	0.7917680740356445
keywords[0].display_name	Sorafenib
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-repositioning
keywords[1].score	0.5939494967460632
keywords[1].display_name	Drug repositioning
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[2].score	0.5477055311203003
keywords[2].display_name	Medicine
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/repurposing
keywords[3].score	0.5376087427139282
keywords[3].display_name	Repurposing
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/palbociclib
keywords[4].score	0.5144503116607666
keywords[4].display_name	Palbociclib
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer
keywords[5].score	0.46147701144218445
keywords[5].display_name	Cancer
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-research
keywords[6].score	0.4472256898880005
keywords[6].display_name	Cancer research
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/ifenprodil
keywords[7].score	0.4396916627883911
keywords[7].display_name	Ifenprodil
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacology
keywords[8].score	0.43850693106651306
keywords[8].display_name	Pharmacology
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/approved-drug
keywords[9].score	0.42599111795425415
keywords[9].display_name	Approved drug
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/crispr
keywords[10].score	0.42415785789489746
keywords[10].display_name	CRISPR
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocellular-carcinoma
keywords[11].score	0.36131566762924194
keywords[11].display_name	Hepatocellular carcinoma
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/drug
keywords[12].score	0.33525457978248596
keywords[12].display_name	Drug
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine
keywords[13].score	0.24163267016410828
keywords[13].display_name	Internal medicine
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/biology
keywords[14].score	0.23283475637435913
keywords[14].display_name	Biology
keywords[15].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer
keywords[15].score	0.18496686220169067
keywords[15].display_name	Breast cancer
keywords[16].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/antagonist
keywords[16].score	0.15632539987564087
keywords[16].display_name	Antagonist
keywords[17].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor
keywords[17].score	0.10246983170509338
keywords[17].display_name	Receptor
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url
locations[0].version	acceptedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	posted-content
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
indexed_in	crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5026563530
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-9831
authorships[0].author.display_name	Feng Xu
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Feng Xu
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5087400947
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5725-0391
authorships[1].author.display_name	Man Tong
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Man Tong
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5105344503
authorships[2].author.orcid
authorships[2].author.display_name	Cindy S.W. Tong
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Cindy S.W. Tong
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5057809870
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-2788
authorships[3].author.display_name	Becky K.C. Chan
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Becky K.C. Chan
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5063230141
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-1259
authorships[4].author.display_name	Hoi Yee Chu
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Hoi Yee Chu
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5013430782
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-7958
authorships[5].author.display_name	Tin Lok Wong
authorships[5].author_position	middle
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Tin Lok Wong
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[6].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5080004904
authorships[6].author.orcid
authorships[6].author.display_name	John H.C. Fong
authorships[6].author_position	middle
authorships[6].raw_author_name	John H.C. Fong
authorships[6].is_corresponding	False
authorships[7].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5110679324
authorships[7].author.orcid
authorships[7].author.display_name	Maggie S.H. Cheung
authorships[7].author_position	middle
authorships[7].raw_author_name	Maggie S.H. Cheung
authorships[7].is_corresponding	False
authorships[8].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5038132862
authorships[8].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3823-9060
authorships[8].author.display_name	Kylie Hin-Man Mak
authorships[8].author_position	middle
authorships[8].raw_author_name	Kylie Hin-Man Mak
authorships[8].is_corresponding	False
authorships[9].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5081455445
authorships[9].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0702-5465
authorships[9].author.display_name	Lakhansing Pardeshi
authorships[9].author_position	middle
authorships[9].raw_author_name	Lakhansing Pardeshi
authorships[9].is_corresponding	False
authorships[10].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5051982284
authorships[10].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-9186
authorships[10].author.display_name	Yuanhua Huang
authorships[10].author_position	middle
authorships[10].raw_author_name	Yuanhua Huang
authorships[10].is_corresponding	False
authorships[11].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5023829717
authorships[11].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-5118
authorships[11].author.display_name	Koon Ho Wong
authorships[11].author_position	middle
authorships[11].raw_author_name	Koon Ho Wong
authorships[11].is_corresponding	False
authorships[12].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5043068599
authorships[12].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2774-9188
authorships[12].author.display_name	Gigi C.G. Choi
authorships[12].author_position	middle
authorships[12].raw_author_name	Gigi C.G. Choi
authorships[12].is_corresponding	False
authorships[13].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5045469075
authorships[13].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-7943
authorships[13].author.display_name	Stephanie Ma
authorships[13].author_position	middle
authorships[13].raw_author_name	Stephanie Ma
authorships[13].is_corresponding	False
authorships[14].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5031235292
authorships[14].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1790-3233
authorships[14].author.display_name	Alan S.L. Wong
authorships[14].author_position	last
authorships[14].raw_author_name	Alan S.L. Wong
authorships[14].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	False
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Data from A Combinatorial CRISPR–Cas9 Screen Identifies Ifenprodil as an Adjunct to Sorafenib for Liver Cancer Treatment
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10878
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/13
primary_topic.field.display_name	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
primary_topic.score	0.9983000159263611
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/1
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Life Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1312
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Molecular Biology
primary_topic.display_name	CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
related_works	https://openalex.org/W4387302591, https://openalex.org/W4366833264, https://openalex.org/W3050951227, https://openalex.org/W3161165839, https://openalex.org/W4362678272, https://openalex.org/W2903777166, https://openalex.org/W4382894598, https://openalex.org/W4226479380, https://openalex.org/W3048796709, https://openalex.org/W4281701183
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url
best_oa_location.version	acceptedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	posted-content
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
primary_location.id	doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url
primary_location.version	acceptedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	posted-content
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513603.v1
publication_date	2023-03-31
publication_year	2023
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.a	36, 140, 201
abstract_inverted_index.In	105
abstract_inverted_index.To	25
abstract_inverted_index.an	9, 132, 153, 170
abstract_inverted_index.as	139, 152, 200
abstract_inverted_index.in	142
abstract_inverted_index.is	8
abstract_inverted_index.of	2, 45, 52, 102, 149, 191
abstract_inverted_index.to	12, 40, 81, 158
abstract_inverted_index.we	34
abstract_inverted_index.HCC	63, 103, 107, 156, 186
abstract_inverted_index.The	72
abstract_inverted_index.WNT	94
abstract_inverted_index.and	5, 18, 96, 98, 110, 162, 198
abstract_inverted_index.but	118
abstract_inverted_index.for	16, 136, 155, 172, 177, 185
abstract_inverted_index.has	131
abstract_inverted_index.its	137
abstract_inverted_index.low	66
abstract_inverted_index.new	202
abstract_inverted_index.our	144
abstract_inverted_index.the	20, 27, 46, 83, 115, 147, 189, 193
abstract_inverted_index.use	138
abstract_inverted_index.also	168
abstract_inverted_index.best	21
abstract_inverted_index.cell	60, 127
abstract_inverted_index.drug	32, 116, 121, 151
abstract_inverted_index.many	30
abstract_inverted_index.this	150
abstract_inverted_index.with	50, 65, 79, 93
abstract_inverted_index.(HCC)	59
abstract_inverted_index.NMDAR	75
abstract_inverted_index.These	166
abstract_inverted_index.among	29
abstract_inverted_index.drugs	4, 15, 196
abstract_inverted_index.genes	91
abstract_inverted_index.human	111
abstract_inverted_index.their	6
abstract_inverted_index.tumor	112, 164
abstract_inverted_index.NMDAR1	67
abstract_inverted_index.alone,	122
abstract_inverted_index.better	70
abstract_inverted_index.cancer	126, 178
abstract_inverted_index.cells.	104
abstract_inverted_index.induce	82
abstract_inverted_index.kinase	54
abstract_inverted_index.reduce	99, 163
abstract_inverted_index.safety	134
abstract_inverted_index.screen	39
abstract_inverted_index.search	28
abstract_inverted_index.showed	69
abstract_inverted_index.single	120
abstract_inverted_index.(NMDAR)	49
abstract_inverted_index.Because	129
abstract_inverted_index.ability	101
abstract_inverted_index.adjunct	154
abstract_inverted_index.arrest,	89
abstract_inverted_index.exploit	13
abstract_inverted_index.growth.	61
abstract_inverted_index.history	135
abstract_inverted_index.humans,	143
abstract_inverted_index.improve	159
abstract_inverted_index.inhibit	41
abstract_inverted_index.models,	114
abstract_inverted_index.neither	119
abstract_inverted_index.outcome	161
abstract_inverted_index.protein	85
abstract_inverted_index.readily	173
abstract_inverted_index.reduced	56, 124
abstract_inverted_index.results	167
abstract_inverted_index.support	146
abstract_inverted_index.targets	51, 184
abstract_inverted_index.testing	1
abstract_inverted_index.trigger	87
abstract_inverted_index.approach	171
abstract_inverted_index.approved	14, 74, 195
abstract_inverted_index.clinical	160
abstract_inverted_index.designed	35
abstract_inverted_index.existing	3
abstract_inverted_index.expedite	26
abstract_inverted_index.findings	145
abstract_inverted_index.markedly	123
abstract_inverted_index.multiple	106
abstract_inverted_index.options.	24
abstract_inverted_index.patients	64
abstract_inverted_index.possible	31
abstract_inverted_index.receptor	48
abstract_inverted_index.strategy	11
abstract_inverted_index.targets.	43
abstract_inverted_index.therapy,	187
abstract_inverted_index.unfolded	84
abstract_inverted_index.validate	169
abstract_inverted_index.carcinoma	58
abstract_inverted_index.combining	192
abstract_inverted_index.druggable	42
abstract_inverted_index.effective	203
abstract_inverted_index.organoids	109
abstract_inverted_index.potential	190
abstract_inverted_index.response,	86
abstract_inverted_index.screening	181
abstract_inverted_index.signaling	95
abstract_inverted_index.sorafenib	80, 199
abstract_inverted_index.stemness,	97
abstract_inverted_index.survival.	71
abstract_inverted_index.treatment	23, 157, 204
abstract_inverted_index.xenograft	113
abstract_inverted_index.Coblockade	44
abstract_inverted_index.actionable	22, 175, 183
abstract_inverted_index.antagonist	76
abstract_inverted_index.associated	92
abstract_inverted_index.attractive	10
abstract_inverted_index.cell-cycle	88
abstract_inverted_index.clinically	73, 194
abstract_inverted_index.expression	68
abstract_inverted_index.first-line	53
abstract_inverted_index.frequency.	128
abstract_inverted_index.identifies	182
abstract_inverted_index.ifenprodil	77, 130, 197
abstract_inverted_index.inhibitors	55
abstract_inverted_index.synergized	78
abstract_inverted_index.uncovering	188
abstract_inverted_index.Clinically,	62
abstract_inverted_index.discovering	174
abstract_inverted_index.established	133
abstract_inverted_index.identifying	19
abstract_inverted_index.recurrence.	165
abstract_inverted_index.repurposing	17, 148
abstract_inverted_index.vasodilator	141
abstract_inverted_index.combination,	117
abstract_inverted_index.combinations	7, 176
abstract_inverted_index.downregulate	90
abstract_inverted_index.self-renewal	100
abstract_inverted_index.CRISPR–Cas9	38, 180
abstract_inverted_index.combinations,	33
abstract_inverted_index.combinatorial	37
abstract_inverted_index.hepatocellular	57
abstract_inverted_index.patient-derived	108
abstract_inverted_index.tumor-initiating	125
abstract_inverted_index.N-methyl-d-aspartate	47
abstract_inverted_index.regimen.</p></div>	205
abstract_inverted_index.<div>Abstract<p>Systematic	0
abstract_inverted_index.therapy.</p>Significance:<p>Combinatorial	179
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	15
sustainable_development_goals[0].id	https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
sustainable_development_goals[0].score	0.7900000214576721
sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name	Good health and well-being
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.06609845
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False