DeepRAG: Integrating Hierarchical Reasoning and Process Supervision for Biomedical Multi-Hop QA Article Swipe

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Yuelyu Ji , Hang Zhang , Sunil Verma , Ji Hui , Li Chun , Yunghsiang S. Han , Yanshan Wang ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2506.00671 · OA: W4414891706

We propose DeepRAG, a novel framework that integrates DeepSeek hierarchical question decomposition capabilities with RAG Gym unified retrieval-augmented generation optimization using process level supervision. Targeting the challenging MedHopQA biomedical question answering task, DeepRAG systematically decomposes complex queries into precise sub-queries and employs concept level reward signals informed by the UMLS ontology to enhance biomedical accuracy. Preliminary evaluations on the MedHopQA dataset indicate that DeepRAG significantly outperforms baseline models, including standalone DeepSeek and RAG Gym, achieving notable improvements in both Exact Match and concept level accuracy.