Defining Sex‐ and Age‐Specific Initial Stay Times for Continuous Moderate‐Intensity Work in Hot Environments Before Heat‐Mitigation Controls Are Implemented – Part A Article Swipe
Fergus K. O’Connor
,
Kristina‐Marie T. Janetos
,
Brodie J. Richards
,
Roberto C. Harris‐Mostert
,
Katie E. Wagar
,
Leonidas G. Ioannou
,
James J. McCormick
,
Robert D. Meade
,
Emily J. Tetzlaff
,
Ronald J. Sigal
,
W. Shane Journeay
,
Glen P. Kenny
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70013
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70013
Rationale Industry guidelines recommend work‐rest allocations to limit increases in core temperature (Tcore; > 38.0°C or > Δ1.0°C above resting) during work in the heat. However, the initial duration of permissible work before implementing these allocations is not specified (initial stay time [IST]) and individual factors such as sex and age affecting thermoregulation are not considered. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess whether factors of sex and age influence IST. Methods We examined the permissible work duration before reaching Tcore of 38.0°C or Δ1.0°C above resting in young (18–30 years) and older (50–69 years) males and females performing moderate‐intensity (200 W/m 2 ) simulated work at ambient conditions of 26, 29, and 32°C wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT). Findings IST significantly decreased as ambient conditions intensified ( p < 0.0001). Median (95% CI) durations to 38°C across groups were 59 (43–87) minutes at 26°C, 40 (34–65) minutes at 29°C, and 35 (31–46) minutes at 32°C WBGT. Likewise, median times to achieve Δ1.0°C above resting temperature significantly differed by environmental conditions ( p < 0.0001): 66 (56–128) minutes at 26°C, 68 (54–80) minutes at 29°C, and 44 (41–53) minutes at 32°C WBGT. Older females were significantly more likely to experience Tcore elevations of 38.0°C (hazard ratio [95% CI]: (3.1 [1.6, 5.8], p < 0.001) and Δ1.0°C above resting (1.9 [1.1, 3.0], p = 0.007) compared to young males. In contrast, IST for young females and older males were similar to young males. Impact Our findings underscore the impact of hotter ambient conditions on IST and identify older females as particularly susceptible during moderate‐intensity work in heat emphasizing the need for tailored occupational heat exposure guidelines.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70013
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ajim.70013
- OA Status
- hybrid
- References
- 47
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4414000643
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4414000643Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70013Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Defining Sex‐ and Age‐Specific Initial Stay Times for Continuous Moderate‐Intensity Work in Hot Environments Before Heat‐Mitigation Controls Are Implemented – Part AWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-09-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Fergus K. O’Connor, Kristina‐Marie T. Janetos, Brodie J. Richards, Roberto C. Harris‐Mostert, Katie E. Wagar, Leonidas G. Ioannou, James J. McCormick, Robert D. Meade, Emily J. Tetzlaff, Ronald J. Sigal, W. Shane Journeay, Glen P. KennyList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70013Publisher landing page
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ajim.70013Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ajim.70013Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Wet-bulb globe temperature, Medicine, Thermoregulation, Animal science, Hazard ratio, Heat stress, Internal medicine, Confidence interval, BiologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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47Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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