Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine Article Swipe
Antonio Casal
,
Mohamed D Yousif
,
Samuel Ellis
,
Claire M. Smith
,
Mariana O. Diniz
,
Bryan Williams
,
Paul A. Dalby
,
Gareth R. Williams
,
John F. Ward
,
Sudaxshina Murdan
,
Alejandro Arenas‐Pinto
,
José A. Guevara-Patiño
,
Delmiro Fernández-Reyes
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.27.683653
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.27.683653
This work was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic prior to the licensing of any vaccines against COVID-19. Although several COVID-19 vaccines are now commercially available, this research on the development of a combination Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is still relevant and shows how a combination vaccine can be designed, produced and rapidly tested in the laboratory. We present the development of a combination vaccine designed to provide immunity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). The primary objective of this vaccine design is twofold: to mitigate the burden of coronavirus and to address the specific vulnerability of regions prone to recurrent MERS outbreaks. Our combination vaccine incorporates antigenic components from zoonotic sources, specifically SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS. We assess the impact of combining different Spike protein’s S1 subunit antigens, due to its recognised immunogenic potential, and adjuvants on serum antibody titres, virus neutralizing capabilities, and inter-antigen immune responses. We report a robust and broad antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses, which was amplified by different adjuvant formulations, including alum, MPLA, CpG, and Squalene-in-Water Emulsion.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.27.683653
- https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/10/27/2025.10.27.683653.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- References
- 30
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4415602907
All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4415602907Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.27.683653Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination VaccineWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
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2025-10-27Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Antonio Casal, Mohamed D Yousif, Samuel Ellis, Claire M. Smith, Mariana O. Diniz, Bryan Williams, Paul A. Dalby, Gareth R. Williams, John F. Ward, Sudaxshina Murdan, Alejandro Arenas‐Pinto, José A. Guevara-Patiño, Delmiro Fernández-ReyesList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.27.683653Publisher landing page
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/10/27/2025.10.27.683653.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/10/27/2025.10.27.683653.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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30Number of works referenced by this work
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