Design and Implementation of Opto-Electrical Hybrid Floating-Point Multipliers Article Swipe
Takumi Inaba
,
Takatsugu Ono
,
Koji Inoue
,
Satoshi Kawakami
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003
The performance improvement by CMOS circuit technology is reaching its limits. Many researchers have been studying computing technologies that use emerging devices to challenge such critical issues. Nanophotonic technology is a promising candidate for tackling the issue due to its ultra-low latency, high bandwidth, and low power characteristics. Although previous research develops hardware accelerators by exploiting nanophotonic circuits for AI inference applications, there has never been considered for the acceleration of training that requires complex Floating-Point (FP) operations. In particular, the design balance between optical and electrical circuits has a critical impact on the latency, energy, and accuracy of the arithmetic system, and thus requires careful consideration of the optimal design. In this study, we design three types of Opto-Electrical Floating-point Multipliers (OEFMs): accuracy-oriented (Ao-OEFM), latency-oriented (Lo-OEFM), and energy-oriented (Eo-OEFM). Based on our evaluation, we confirm that Ao-OEFM has high noise resistance, and Lo-OEFM and Eo-OEFM still have sufficient calculation accuracy. Compared to conventional electrical circuits, Lo-OEFM achieves an 87% reduction in latency, and Eo-OEFM reduces energy consumption by 42%.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003
- OA Status
- diamond
- References
- 27
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4400482489
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4400482489Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Design and Implementation of Opto-Electrical Hybrid Floating-Point MultipliersWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-07-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Takumi Inaba, Takatsugu Ono, Koji Inoue, Satoshi KawakamiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Computer science, Floating point, Point (geometry), Electrical engineering, Algorithm, Mathematics, Geometry, EngineeringTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
27Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4400482489 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4400482489 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | Design and Implementation of Opto-Electrical Hybrid Floating-Point Multipliers |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | E108.D |
| biblio.last_page | 11 |
| biblio.first_page | 2 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10232 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 0.9904000163078308 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Optical Network Technologies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10851 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[1].score | 0.980400025844574 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[1].display_name | Optical Wireless Communication Technologies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11429 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9739999771118164 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7702918648719788 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C84211073 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.469556599855423 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Floating point |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C28719098 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.4145865738391876 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Point (geometry) |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C119599485 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.3281809389591217 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C11413529 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.2045516073703766 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Algorithm |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.10185059905052185 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2524010 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Geometry |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7702918648719788 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point |
| keywords[1].score | 0.469556599855423 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Floating point |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/point |
| keywords[2].score | 0.4145865738391876 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Point (geometry) |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering |
| keywords[3].score | 0.3281809389591217 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm |
| keywords[4].score | 0.2045516073703766 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Algorithm |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[5].score | 0.10185059905052185 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Mathematics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2486202937 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0916-8532, 1745-1361 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0916-8532 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5051831841 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7380-7265 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Takumi Inaba |
| authorships[0].countries | JP |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00p4k0j84 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Kyushu University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Takumi INABA |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5067694674 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-0249 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Takatsugu Ono |
| authorships[1].countries | JP |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00p4k0j84 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Kyushu University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Takatsugu ONO |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087002387 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-0646 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Koji Inoue |
| authorships[2].countries | JP |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00p4k0j84 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Kyushu University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Koji INOUE |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5083671933 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5044-744X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Satoshi Kawakami |
| authorships[3].countries | JP |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00p4k0j84 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I135598925 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | JP |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Kyushu University |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Satoshi KAWAKAMI |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Design and Implementation of Opto-Electrical Hybrid Floating-Point Multipliers |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10232 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9904000163078308 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Optical Network Technologies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4391375266, https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W2390279801, https://openalex.org/W2358668433, https://openalex.org/W4396701345, https://openalex.org/W2376932109, https://openalex.org/W2001405890, https://openalex.org/W4396696052, https://openalex.org/W2382290278, https://openalex.org/W4395014643 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2486202937 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0916-8532, 1745-1361 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0916-8532 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2486202937 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0916-8532, 1745-1361 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0916-8532 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4320800604 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2024pap0003 |
| publication_date | 2024-07-10 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2752849906, https://openalex.org/W2945546236, https://openalex.org/W4316658667, https://openalex.org/W2889797931, https://openalex.org/W2981849318, https://openalex.org/W4225400698, https://openalex.org/W3131299051, https://openalex.org/W2006312753, https://openalex.org/W4286603012, https://openalex.org/W2802155668, https://openalex.org/W3139694755, https://openalex.org/W2008796140, https://openalex.org/W2068248832, https://openalex.org/W1986294287, https://openalex.org/W2340750735, https://openalex.org/W2976897596, https://openalex.org/W2964297681, https://openalex.org/W2101227910, https://openalex.org/W2042193500, https://openalex.org/W2587610600, https://openalex.org/W3016633211, https://openalex.org/W1988538073, https://openalex.org/W2798097710, https://openalex.org/W2134179788, https://openalex.org/W2124912300, https://openalex.org/W2142013193, https://openalex.org/W1985818188 |
| referenced_works_count | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 30, 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AI | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 78, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 3, 54, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 7, 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 70, 98, 107, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 92, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 22, 38, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 114, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.87% | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 44, 85, 96, 102, 127, 142, 144, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 33, 58, 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 63, 88, 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 9, 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 35, 68, 80, 93, 99, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FP) | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.42%. | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CMOS | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Many | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 14, 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 13, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 42, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 18, 72, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thus | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Based | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.issue | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.never | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.noise | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.power | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.still | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.there | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.types | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.design | 81, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Ao-OEFM | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Eo-OEFM | 145, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Lo-OEFM | 143, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.balance | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.careful | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circuit | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirm | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.design. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.devices | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy, | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.issues. | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limits. | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optical | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimal | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduces | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system, | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(OEFMs): | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Although | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Compared | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accuracy | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieves | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circuits | 57, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.critical | 25, 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.develops | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emerging | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hardware | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.latency, | 41, 94, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reaching | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requires | 73, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studying | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tackling | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accuracy. | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.candidate | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenge | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circuits, | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.computing | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inference | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promising | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduction | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ultra-low | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Ao-OEFM), | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Eo-OEFM). | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Lo-OEFM), | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.arithmetic | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bandwidth, | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.considered | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.electrical | 86, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploiting | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sufficient | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technology | 6, 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Multipliers | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calculation | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consumption | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluation, | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvement | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operations. | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particular, | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.researchers | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resistance, | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Nanophotonic | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceleration | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accelerators | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanophotonic | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technologies | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applications, | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consideration | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Floating-Point | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Floating-point | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Opto-Electrical | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy-oriented | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characteristics. | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.latency-oriented | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accuracy-oriented | 123 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6100000143051147 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Affordable and clean energy |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.10339584 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |