Differentiated Services Delivery Model Uptake and Outcomes in Uganda: Gaps, Facilitators, and Barriers - A Mixed Methods Study 2019–2021 Article Swipe
Fred C. Semitala
,
Shardrack Wanyina
,
Nelson Kalema
,
Rodgers Katwesigye
,
Godfrey Obong
,
Kevin J. Gibbons
,
Ivan Arinaitwe
,
Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo
,
Hudson Balidawa
,
Carla Van Riet
,
Nico Vandaele
,
Cordelia Katurebe
,
Catherine Decouttere
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1
Background Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models have emerged as innovative approaches to optimize HIV service delivery, particularly in bridging gaps across the HIV test–treat–care cascade. We assessed the performance of DSD models in Uganda, focusing on enrollment, retention in care, viral load (VL) testing, and suppression, while identifying key challenges and facilitators of effective implementation. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of records for closed cohorts of people living with HIV (PLHIV) active in care from 2019--2021 across health facilities supported by the Makerere University Joint AIDS Program (MJAP) and Mildmay Uganda. We determined the proportion of PLHIV who were active in care, enrolled in a DSD model, completed a VL test, and achieved suppression. Additionally, we conducted key informant interviews and focus group discussions to explore stakeholder perspectives on implementation challenges and facilitators. Results Among the 1,141 PLHIV, 530 (2019), 432 (2020), and 393 (2021) were active in care. DSD model enrollment increased from 48% in 2019 to 90% in 2021. The fast-track drug refill (FTDR) model had the highest uptake, increasing from 31% to 72%, whereas the facility-based individual management (FBIM) model declined from 55% to 10%. Viral load testing coverage improved from 73% to 85%, with suppression rates rising from 86% to 96% over the study period. Qualitative data revealed key facilitators, including reduced patient costs, improved provider–patient engagement, and partner support. Barriers included stigma, medical stockouts, patient relocation, and limited service integration in community-based models. Discussion This mixed-methods study analyzed three years of differentiated service delivery (DSD) for Ugandan PLHIV, tracking enrollment, viral load testing, and suppression and interviewing stakeholders. Enrollment and suppression improved the most in facility-based fast-track drug refill, facilitated by training, mentorship, and partner support. Stockouts, stigma, and unstable patients address hindered progress. Strengthening community models and integrating comorbidity care remain key. Conclusion The uptake and quality of DSD models improved over time, with a strong preference for the FTDR model. However, addressing persistent barriers, especially stigma, service integration, and resource availability, is essential to achieve sustained scale-up and improved HIV care outcomes in Uganda.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 10
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4413242642
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4413242642Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Differentiated Services Delivery Model Uptake and Outcomes in Uganda: Gaps, Facilitators, and Barriers - A Mixed Methods Study 2019–2021Work title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-08-08Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Fred C. Semitala, Shardrack Wanyina, Nelson Kalema, Rodgers Katwesigye, Godfrey Obong, Kevin J. Gibbons, Ivan Arinaitwe, Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo, Hudson Balidawa, Carla Van Riet, Nico Vandaele, Cordelia Katurebe, Catherine DecouttereList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Service delivery framework, Medicine, Focus group, Family medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Viral load, Stakeholder, Nursing, Qualitative property, Service (business), Business, Political science, Computer science, Public relations, Machine learning, MarketingTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
10Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4413242642 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4413242642 |
| fwci | |
| type | preprint |
| title | Differentiated Services Delivery Model Uptake and Outcomes in Uganda: Gaps, Facilitators, and Barriers - A Mixed Methods Study 2019–2021 |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10082 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11860 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2713 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Epidemiology |
| topics[1].display_name | HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10112 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/24 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Immunology and Microbiology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9927999973297119 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2406 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Virology |
| topics[2].display_name | HIV Research and Treatment |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C68595000 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.5839690566062927 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Service delivery framework |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5495449900627136 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C56995899 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5469553470611572 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Focus group |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C512399662 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.48304277658462524 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Family medicine |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C3013748606 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.44152650237083435 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C142462285 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4403517544269562 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Viral load |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C201305675 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.42213377356529236 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Stakeholder |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C159110408 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4157804846763611 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Nursing |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C87156501 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.41077035665512085 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Qualitative property |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C2780378061 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.2940817177295685 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Service (business) |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C144133560 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.1862575113773346 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Business |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C17744445 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.13606539368629456 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Political science |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.12425169348716736 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C39549134 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Public relations |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C119857082 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Machine learning |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C162853370 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Marketing |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/service-delivery-framework |
| keywords[0].score | 0.5839690566062927 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Service delivery framework |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5495449900627136 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/focus-group |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5469553470611572 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Focus group |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine |
| keywords[3].score | 0.48304277658462524 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Family medicine |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immunodeficiency-virus |
| keywords[4].score | 0.44152650237083435 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-load |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4403517544269562 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Viral load |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stakeholder |
| keywords[6].score | 0.42213377356529236 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Stakeholder |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4157804846763611 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Nursing |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-property |
| keywords[8].score | 0.41077035665512085 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Qualitative property |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/service |
| keywords[9].score | 0.2940817177295685 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Service (business) |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/business |
| keywords[10].score | 0.1862575113773346 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Business |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science |
| keywords[11].score | 0.13606539368629456 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Political science |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[12].score | 0.12425169348716736 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Computer science |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | posted-content |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | False |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091320270 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0624-7640 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Fred C. Semitala |
| authorships[0].countries | UG |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03dmz0111 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | UG |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Makerere University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Fred Collins Semitala |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5007849855 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Shardrack Wanyina |
| authorships[1].countries | UG |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03dmz0111 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | UG |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Makerere University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Shardrack Wanyina |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5044666903 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7118-704X |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Nelson Kalema |
| authorships[2].countries | UG |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210116188 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Infectious Diseases Institute |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210116188 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02caa0269 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210116188 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | UG |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Infectious Diseases Institute |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Nelson Kalema |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Infectious Diseases Institute |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5057554706 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Rodgers Katwesigye |
| authorships[3].countries | UG |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03dmz0111 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I72227227 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | UG |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Makerere University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Rodgers Katwesigye |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Makerere University Joint AIDS Program |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5119318424 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Godfrey Obong |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Africa Resource Centre |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Godfrey Obong |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Africa Resource Centre |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043210231 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4901-4329 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Kevin J. Gibbons |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Africa Resource Centre |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Kevin Gibbons |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Africa Resource Centre |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5000447401 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-4026 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Ivan Arinaitwe |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Ivan Arinaitwe |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5068129531 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5009979736 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Hudson Balidawa |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Hudson Balidawa |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5007046688 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-2069 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Carla Van Riet |
| authorships[9].countries | BE |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | KU Leuven |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05f950310 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | BE |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | KU Leuven |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Carla Riet |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | KU Leuven |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5069412741 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7687-7376 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Nico Vandaele |
| authorships[10].countries | BE |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | KU Leuven |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05f950310 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | BE |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | KU Leuven |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Nico Vandaele |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | KU Leuven |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5119318423 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Cordelia Katurebe |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[11].author_position | middle |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Cordelia Katurebe |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | Ministry of Health |
| authorships[12].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058026098 |
| authorships[12].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-1729 |
| authorships[12].author.display_name | Catherine Decouttere |
| authorships[12].countries | BE |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | KU Leuven |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05f950310 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I99464096 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code | BE |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name | KU Leuven |
| authorships[12].author_position | last |
| authorships[12].raw_author_name | Catherine Decouttere |
| authorships[12].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings | KU Leuven |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Differentiated Services Delivery Model Uptake and Outcomes in Uganda: Gaps, Facilitators, and Barriers - A Mixed Methods Study 2019–2021 |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10082 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4288713694, https://openalex.org/W2087771447, https://openalex.org/W2614902832, https://openalex.org/W2055280854, https://openalex.org/W2334605091, https://openalex.org/W2973584526, https://openalex.org/W2036827172, https://openalex.org/W4280642433, https://openalex.org/W2883679753, https://openalex.org/W2932429820 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6963111/v1 |
| publication_date | 2025-08-08 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3010785869, https://openalex.org/W3121478726, https://openalex.org/W4319461222, https://openalex.org/W3208645186, https://openalex.org/W2524597629, https://openalex.org/W4387954879, https://openalex.org/W4310154579, https://openalex.org/W3026374985, https://openalex.org/W4399828269, https://openalex.org/W4383302222 |
| referenced_works_count | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 59, 106, 110, 312 |
| abstract_inverted_index.VL | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 26, 57, 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 82, 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 18, 33, 39, 74, 102, 105, 149, 157, 161, 237, 271, 341 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 330 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 30, 53, 62, 67, 97, 247, 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 36, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 12, 126, 159, 176, 188, 197, 205, 332 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.31% | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.393 | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.432 | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.48% | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.530 | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.55% | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.73% | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.86% | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.90% | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.96% | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DSD | 31, 107, 151, 306 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HIV | 14, 23, 71, 338 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 163, 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 45, 51, 90, 113, 122, 133, 144, 223, 233, 260, 262, 266, 280, 285, 294, 303, 327, 336 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 64, 252, 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key | 49, 119, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 22, 28, 83, 95, 137, 170, 179, 208, 269, 316 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(VL) | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10%. | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2019 | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.72%, | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.85%, | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AIDS | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.FTDR | 317 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care | 75, 297, 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drug | 165, 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 76, 155, 174, 186, 195, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gaps | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key. | 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.load | 42, 191, 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 207, 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 100, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 70, 199, 311 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(DSD) | 5, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1,141 | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2021. | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Among | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Joint | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PLHIV | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Viral | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care, | 40, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care. | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focus | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 152, 168, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rates | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 209, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test, | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time, | 310 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viral | 41, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2021) | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FBIM) | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FTDR) | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MJAP) | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PLHIV, | 139, 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 21, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.active | 73, 101, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.closed | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.costs, | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.living | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model, | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model. | 318 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 6, 32, 293, 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refill | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remain | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rising | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strong | 313 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uptake | 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2019), | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2020), | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PLHIV) | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mildmay | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Program | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Uganda, | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Uganda. | 92, 342 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Ugandan | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieve | 333 |
| abstract_inverted_index.address | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohorts | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emerged | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explore | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highest | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limited | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medical | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models. | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.partner | 224, 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patient | 218, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.period. | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 304 |
| abstract_inverted_index.records | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduced | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refill, | 275 |
| abstract_inverted_index.service | 3, 15, 235, 249, 325 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stigma, | 228, 284, 324 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uptake, | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whereas | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Barriers | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Makerere | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieved | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyzed | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bridging | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cascade. | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coverage | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.declined | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivery | 4, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enrolled | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focusing | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hindered | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improved | 194, 220, 268, 308, 337 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimize | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcomes | 340 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resource | 328 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scale-up | 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support. | 225, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing, | 44, 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tracking | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unstable | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.barriers, | 322 |
| abstract_inverted_index.community | 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.completed | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 58, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivery, | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 331 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.informant | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.progress. | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retention | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supported | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sustained | 334 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training, | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2019--2021 | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Enrollment | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Stockouts, | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.University | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.addressing | 320 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approaches | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenges | 50, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determined | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enrollment | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.especially | 323 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilities | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fast-track | 164, 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasing | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individual | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.innovative | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interviews | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.persistent | 321 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preference | 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proportion | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stockouts, | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Qualitative | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comorbidity | 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discussions | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engagement, | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enrollment, | 37, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitated | 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identifying | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integrating | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integration | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mentorship, | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relocation, | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stakeholder | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suppression | 200, 261, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitators | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integration, | 326 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interviewing | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perspectives | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suppression, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suppression. | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Additionally, | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Strengthening | 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.availability, | 329 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitators, | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitators. | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mixed-methods | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retrospective | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stakeholders. | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Differentiated | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differentiated | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facility-based | 180, 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementation | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.community-based | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementation. | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provider–patient | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test–treat–care | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Methods</bold> | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Results</bold> | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Background</bold> | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Conclusion</bold> | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Discussion</bold> | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<title>Abstract</title> | 0 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 13 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.42844801 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |