Downregulation of miR-21 as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in cancer Article Swipe
Tara Akhtarkhavari
,
Ahmad Reza Bahrami
,
Maryam Moghaddam Matin
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233
Despite tremendous achievements in the field of targeted cancer therapy, chemotherapy is still the main treatment option, which is challenged by acquired drug resistance. Various microRNAs are involved in developing drug-resistant cells. miR-21 is one of the first identified miRNAs involved in this process. Here, we conducted a literature review to categorize different mechanisms employed by miR-21 to drive drug resistance. miR-21 targets various genes involved in many pathways that can justify chemoresistance. It alters cancer cell metabolism and facilitates adaptation to the new environment. It also enhances drug detoxification in cancerous cells and increases genomic instability. We also summarized various strategies applied for the inhibition of miR-21 in order to reverse cancer drug resistance. These strategies include the delivery of antagomiRs, miRZip knockdown vectors, inhibitory small molecules, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, catalytic nucleic acids, artificial DNA and RNA sponges, and nanostructures like mesoporous silica nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes. Furthermore, current challenges and limitations in targeting miR-21 are discussed in this article. Although huge progress has been made in the downregulation of miR-21 in drug-resistant cancer cells, there are still many challenges to be resolved. More research is still required to find the best strategy and timeline for the downregulation of miR-21 and also the most feasible approach for the delivery of this system into the tumor cells. In conclusion, downregulation of miR-21 would be a promising strategy to reverse chemoresistance, but still, more studies are required to clarify the aforementioned issues.
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Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 29
- References
- 240
- Related Works
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- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4293217023
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4293217023Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Downregulation of miR-21 as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in cancerWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2022Year of publication
- Publication date
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2022-08-26Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Tara Akhtarkhavari, Ahmad Reza Bahrami, Maryam Moghaddam MatinList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Downregulation and upregulation, microRNA, Microvesicles, Cancer, Gene knockdown, Drug resistance, Cancer cell, Biology, Cancer research, Computational biology, Cell culture, Gene, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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29Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 12, 2024: 11, 2023: 6Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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240Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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